Streptococcus in a pregnant woman (group B streptococci). Bacterial infections during pregnancy

Group B streptococci during pregnancy are representatives of the normal microflora, present in large numbers in the intestine. They can also be found in the vagina, cervix, throat, skin, urethra, and urine of healthy people.

Penetrate into the genital tract when they are contaminated with feces or from a sexual partner. In 15-40% of women (pregnant and sexually active non-pregnant women) they are found in the vagina. Two-thirds of pregnant women are intermittent or transient carriers of group B streptococci, and only a third are chronic carriers.

Diagnostics

Group B streptococci grow on standard nutrient media and are easy to culture. There are several specific express methods for their detection, but none of them is sensitive enough to recommend it for widespread use.

Impact on pregnancy

Group B streptococci during pregnancy are transmitted from mother to child through vertical transmission during childbirth. The transmission frequency is 35-70%. The risk of infection is highest with abundant vaginal seeding. Other risk factors include preterm labor, premature rupture of the membranes, low birth weight, prolonged fluid-free period (greater than 12–18 hours), fever during labor, and a history of having an infected child.

Group B streptococcal infection during pregnancy is the most common cause of neonatal sepsis. The frequency of its occurrence is 1-2 cases per 1 thousand children per year born alive. There are two types of neonatal infection - early and late. Late streptococcal infection is considered nosocomial: it develops after the 1st week of life (on average after 4 weeks) and usually manifests as meningitis (80%) or other types of focal infection. Early streptococcal infection is characterized by a rapid onset (within the first 48 hours of life) and a fulminant course. The pathogenesis of this form of sepsis can be explained by direct transmission from mother to child during childbirth. The child develops RDS and pneumonia, and in 30% of cases, meningitis. Even with full antibiotic therapy, septicemia and shock can develop, as a result of which the child may die. With an early form of infection, the mortality rate is 50%. About 90% of all dead children are premature. The risk of developing sepsis in a full-term baby with bacterial colonization is 1-2%, while in a premature baby it is 8-10%.

Group B streptococci are the second most common cause of bacteriuria during pregnancy and the main cause of postpartum septic illness. They are found in 20% of cases of early onset endometritis (in the first 48 hours after birth), usually characterized by a fulminant course.

Treatment

Treatment of streptococcus carriers at birth reduces the frequency of transmission. The Centers for Disease Control and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommend screening for all pregnant women, except for those who have had streptococcal bacteriuria during the current pregnancy or have a history of having a child with streptococcal infection. Antibiotic prophylaxis during childbirth is prescribed if:

• - the woman's previous child was born with a streptococcal infection;
• - streptococcal bacteriuria occurred during this pregnancy;
• - screening cultures for group B streptococcus during the current pregnancy are positive;
• - if one of the risk factors is detected, such as fever during labor (more than 38 degrees), premature birth (less than 37 weeks of gestation) or a long anhydrous period (more than 18 hours);
• - the status of the pregnant woman in relation to infection with group B streptococci is unknown.

The article was prepared and edited by: surgeon

SYNONYMS

Streptococcal B infection.
ICD-10 CODE
A40 Streptococcal septicemia.
A40.1 Septicemia due to group B streptococcus (GBS).
B95.1 GBS as causative agents of diseases classified elsewhere.

EPIDEMIOLOGY

The first description of a streptococcal infection with an early onset of the disease appeared in 1939. By this time, the classification of streptococci according to the structure of their polysaccharide Ags had already been developed (Lancefield R., 1935), and Streptococcus agalactiae was assigned to group B.

In the 60s of the last century, the first reports appeared that these microorganisms can cause severe illness in newborns. Infection caused by GBS in newborns is acute, sometimes lightning fast, and the mortality rate reaches 60%. Up to 50% of surviving children suffer from CNS diseases. Infection occurs in childbirth from a mother whose birth canal is colonized by GBS.

GBS is characterized by asymptomatic stay on the mucous membranes (colonization). It is assumed that in adults the main route of transmission of GBS is sexual contact, although this is not recognized by all researchers. Due to the increasing prevalence of STIs and the widespread use of oral contraceptives, which disrupt the natural balance of sex hormones and maintain an increased sensitivity of the vaginal epithelium to GBS adhesion, there is a significant increase in vaginal colonization by these microorganisms.

The main reservoir of streptococcal infection in humans is the gastrointestinal tract, while in women it is also the vagina and urethra. In the USA, the percentage of GBS colonization of the vagina and rectum in women is 20-40%, in Brazil - 26%, in India - 6%, in Italy - 7%, in Austria - 12%, in Israel - 2-3%.

The maximum contamination of the GBS vagina in pregnant women is observed in the period of 35-37 weeks. Risk factors for the transmission of the microorganism to the fetus and child are: the presence of GBS in the urine, childbirth before the 37th week of pregnancy, an anhydrous interval of more than 18 hours, and a mother's fever above 38 ° C. Therefore, the CDC (Center for Diseases Control) recommends that pregnant women be screened for GBS colonization at 35–37 weeks of gestation, as well as for the presence of the above risk factors at any other time in pregnancy.

The main source of infection of the newborn is the mother's genital tract. When passing through the birth canal, as well as with ascending infection with OB, GBS seed the skin of the fetus. During aspiration of the OM, microorganisms enter the respiratory tract and lungs. The lack of protective mechanisms against infection in the fetus can cause generalized disease and death of the newborn.

ETIOLOGY (CAUSES) OF STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION

GBS infection is caused by the gram-positive diplococcus Streptococcus agalactiae. It is the only species in this group of streptococci and forms chains more often than other strains.

Most strains of this species are b-hemolytic. GBS contains two polysaccharide Ags: group-specific C-Ag and type-specific S-Ag, based on the latter, GBS strains are divided into types 1a, 1b, 1c, 1a / c, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Type-specific Ag are contained in the capsule and are important virulence factors.

Serotype 1c contains protein Ag. Serotypes 3, 2, and 1c most often cause early-onset disease, while serotype 3 dominates among late-onset diseases.

PATHOGENESIS

GBS is an opportunistic pathogen. Currently, the possibility of manifestation of the pathogenic action of a microorganism under certain conditions is being studied. The presence of virulence genes in some strains that more often cause the development of intrauterine GBS infection has been proven.

The pathogenesis of complications of gestation

Infection of the fetus occurs when it passes through the birth canal of the mother. GBS can penetrate into the uterine cavity both in PROM and intracanalicularly through intact fetal membranes and thus affect the fetus in utero. In such cases, they can be the cause of early and late miscarriages, premature births, stillbirths.

With the defeat of the endometrium, the process of placentation and development of the placenta is disrupted, which contributes to secondary placental insufficiency. GBS can affect the placenta (placentitis) and fetal membranes (chorioamnionitis), which in turn leads to IUGR, as well as to premature initiation of labor. Often observed untimely discharge of OB, anomalies of labor activity (rapid delivery). In the postpartum period, the development of parametritis is possible, due to the spread of infection by the lymphogenous route from the postpartum wound or infected uterus, as well as rupture of the cervix and upper third of the vagina.

In the pathogenesis of the development of GBS infection in the fetus and newborn, the massive colonization of Streptococcus agalactiae is important. With the colonization of more than five areas of the skin and mucous membranes in a newborn in the first days of life, the development of GBS sepsis is possible.

When studying the protein factors of GBS pathogenicity, such as b-, a-Ar and C5a peptidase, it was found that these factors, for all their significance in the formation of the virulent phenotype of the microbe, are not decisive.

CLINICAL PICTURE (SYMPTOMS) OF STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION IN PREGNANT WOMEN

In adults, GBS most often causes inflammatory diseases of the urinary organs, especially with abnormalities of their development and diabetes. Currently, GBS is considered as one of the main causative agents of urinary tract infections. Pneumonia, endocarditis, osteomyelitis in adults have also been described.

A pregnant woman may experience chorioamnionitis, an infection of the urinary organs, and after childbirth, endometritis. The frequency of these complications in the United States is calculated for endometritis 12 per 1000 births, bacteriuria - 8 per 1000 births. The risk of developing endometritis and bacteremia is higher with delivery by CS. Symptoms of GBS infection are nonspecific: fever, feeling unwell, chills, pain in the lower abdomen, tenderness of the uterus on palpation. If the fetus is infected, stillbirth is possible. There are few symptoms indicative of fetal disease, and they are nonspecific (palpitations, metabolic acidosis, low pH of the arterial blood of the umbilical cord).

In the neonatal period, one of two forms of streptococcal infection can develop - sepsis with an early onset of the disease in the first hours and days of a child's life, and the second form, which is characterized by a late onset, most often after the tenth day of life. The disease with a late onset clinically most often occurs as meningitis.

Early-onset neonatal disease is characterized by the onset of signs of the disease within the first 7 days, with 90% of cases showing signs of the disease within the first 24 hours of life. Respiratory lesions are detected in 54%, sepsis without a specific focus - in 27%, meningitis - in 12%.

COMPLICATIONS OF GESTATION

Colonization of the urogenital tract of GBS in pregnant women does not significantly affect the course of pregnancy.

The exception is asymptomatic bacteriuria or pyelonephritis of pregnancy caused by GBS. In newborns, it is possible to identify intrauterine infection, especially when colonizing more than 5 areas of the skin and mucous membranes.

DIAGNOSIS IN STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY

Based solely on laboratory results.

ANAMNESIS

It is important to have a history of long-term colonization of the genitourinary tract of GBS, as well as pyelonephritis or bacteriuria.

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

Identify signs of inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system.

LABORATORY RESEARCH

For the diagnosis of GBS colonization in women, the material taken from the vagina and from the anorectal region is sown on a liquid or dense nutrient selective medium.

Because entry of the microorganism from the lower GI tract occurs intermittently, culture specimens taken simultaneously from the anorectal and vaginal regions result in a 5–15% higher growth in GBS compared with culture specimens from the vagina alone. It should also be noted that nutrient selective media (for example, with the addition of antibiotics that inhibit the growth of associated microflora) increase the release of GBS by 50%.

For the etiological diagnosis of GBS infection in newborns, sterile blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine, and endobronchial aspirate are used. It is important to know that a large percentage of GBS cases in newborns are excreted in the urine. It must be remembered that early-onset sepsis is associated with relatively rapidly increasing neutropenia, as determined by frequent blood tests. It is desirable to conduct a complete blood count, including the determination of such indicators as C-reactive protein, fibronectin, C3d complement fractions.

SCREENING

Since colonization of the genitourinary tract of pregnant women with GBS is associated with a high risk of preterm birth, premature rupture of ovarian fluid, colonization of GBS in the fetus, and the risk of systemic infection in the newborn, the question arises of the choice of test for screening for GBS infection in pregnant women.

A chemoprophylaxis strategy requires the establishment of GBS colonization in women using tests with high sensitivity and specificity for the isolation and identification of streptococcus cultures.

The disadvantage is that the result is obtained no earlier than 18–24 hours, which is not always convenient. However, to date, inoculation and isolation of GBS cultures, followed by species and type identification of the microorganism, remains the gold standard for diagnosing streptococcal colonization and infection.

Screening tests are based on the determination of GBS Ag using latex agglutination, coagglutination, and ELISA. Latex agglutination is based on sorption on small size-standardized latex particles of AT to Ag SGW. The reaction is put on glass by mixing a drop of the test sample and a drop of the test system. A positive result is taken into account by the formation of flakes.

In the coagglutination reaction, antibodies are adsorbed on the surface of staphylococcus cells that have protein A. Abs to GBS are attached to protein A due to the Fc fragment, and the Fab fragment is free to combine with GBS Ag if Ag is contained in the test material. It should be noted here that polysaccharide Ag is involved in the reaction; therefore, it is extracted from the material under study by acid extraction with boiling.

ELISA is more specific and sensitive for determining the GBS antigen, but reagents for it are not always available. Rapid tests - coagglutination and latex agglutination are not very sensitive in case of premature outflow of OB and premature birth due to dilution of the material with water and blood. Therefore, the cultural method for detecting GBS remains the most reliable.

Molecular biological diagnostic methods (PCR) are also used to detect GBS. This made it possible to study the virulence genes in GBS. Streptococci with the presence of virulence genes can cause the most severe lesions in newborns.

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

Carried out with similar inflammatory diseases of a different etiology (vulvovaginitis, pyelonephritis, bacteriuria).

INDICATIONS FOR CONSULTATION OF OTHER SPECIALISTS

In the presence of pyelonephritis - consultation of a nephrologist. It is possible to consult other specialists in the development of complications of the infection.

TREATMENT OF STREPTOCOCCAL B INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY

To prevent infection of the fetus, drug treatment is carried out starting from the 35th week of pregnancy, and during childbirth. If necessary (the presence of a threat of miscarriage, the development of pyelonephritis in pregnant women or bacteriuria), it is possible to prescribe therapy at an earlier stage of pregnancy (after 12 weeks).

GOALS OF TREATMENT

Treatment should be aimed at eliminating GBS, maintaining the pregnancy, and preventing transmission to the fetus.

MEDICAL TREATMENT

Conducted according to the sensitivity of GBS to antibacterial drugs. The most commonly prescribed ampicillin, benzylpenicillin, in some cases - macrolides.

TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS ASSESSMENT

Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment is carried out by the absence of GBS colonization of the newborn.

INDICATIONS FOR HOSPITALIZATION

An independent disease does not require hospitalization.

PREVENTION OF STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTION DURING PREGNANCY

Antibiotic prophylaxis of transmission of GBS to newborns is carried out. To do this, pregnant women colonized with GBS are prescribed benzylpenicillin at a dose of 5 million units intravenously, then 2.5 million units intravenously every 4 hours, or ampicillin at a dose of 2 g intravenously, then 1 g every 4 hours for 5 days. In this case, a temporary suppression of the reproduction of GBS occurs, after the abolition of antibiotics, colonization can be restored.

INFORMATION FOR THE PATIENT

GBS may be present in the vagina as part of a normal microbiocenosis.
· Transmission to the fetus occurs in only 37% of cases of GBS colonization of the maternal genital tract.
Treatment is carried out starting from 35-37 weeks of pregnancy. If necessary, the attending physician may prescribe treatment at an earlier date, but not earlier than 12 weeks.
Newborns are not always born infected.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a common type of bacteria that can cause infection. Generally, GBS is not dangerous for adults, however, although GBS is unlikely to harm a pregnant woman, it can be very dangerous for her baby. A woman can pass streptococcus to her baby during childbirth. Streptococcus carriers are approximately 25% of pregnant women.

Many people are carriers of streptococcal infections and do not know about it. GBS in adults usually has no symptoms, but in some cases it can cause bladder infections or.

Ways of transmission of streptococcal infection

GBS bacteria live in the intestines, urinary and genital tracts. They develop naturally in the body, which means you cannot get them through food, water, and things you touch. You also cannot get infected from another person, and streptococcus is not sexually transmitted.

Diagnosis of streptococcus

To check if you have GBS, ask your gynecologist to test you for strep at 35 to 37 weeks pregnant. Carrying out this analysis is simple and painless and consists in taking a smear from the vagina and rectum. The resulting samples are sent to the laboratory, the results are usually available in 1 - 2 days.

Treatment of streptococcus in a pregnant woman

If the results of the analysis for streptococcus are positive, then you will be given on the eve of childbirth (intravenous injection or drip). Antibiotic treatment helps prevent your child from getting an infection. Generally, the ideal time to administer antibiotics is at least 4 hours before delivery.

The best antibiotic for treating streptococcal infections is penicillin. Also, doctors often use another antibiotic - ampicillin. Both of these medicines are safe for the woman and child. However, in some women (1 in 25 women), penicillin treatment causes minor allergic reactions, most commonly a rash. Therefore, if you know that you are allergic to penicillin, be sure to tell your doctor about it!

If you have GBS but will have a scheduled caesarean delivery (that is, if you don't wait for contractions and your amniotic fluid doesn't break), then you don't need antibiotics.

The effect of streptococcus on pregnancy

Untreated streptococcal infection during pregnancy can increase your risk of:

• premature rupture of membranes;
• premature birth;
• intrauterine death of a child (stillbirth).

GBS can also cause UTIs (urinary tract infections) during pregnancy. UTIs can cause fever, pain, and burning when urinating. Sometimes a UTI has no symptoms, but if you have a UTI, your doctor will definitely determine this from a urinalysis during one of your antenatal visits.

Signs of infection in a newborn baby

Signs of streptococcal infection in newborns do not always appear immediately after birth. It depends on the type of infection the child has received.

There are two types of GBS infection:

1. Early onset of infection - signs of this type of infection are fever, breathing problems and constant sleepiness during the first 7 days of life (most often on the first day). Early onset of GBS can lead to pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. About half of all GBS infections in newborns have an early onset.

2. Late onset of infection - the symptoms in this case are: cough, nasal congestion, problems with eating, fever, drowsiness or convulsions. The appearance of signs is noted - 3 months after birth. Very often, late-onset infection leads to meningitis and sepsis.

What problems can streptococcus cause in newborns?

Infants infected with streptococcus may have one or more comorbidities, the most common of which are:

• meningitis (infection of the fluid and lining around the brain);
• pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs);
• sepsis (blood poisoning).

All of these diseases in newborns can be life-threatening. Most children who are treated for GBS recover. However, even after treatment, approximately 5% of children die, with premature babies most often dying.

GBS infection can lead to health problems for the child later in life. For example, about 25% of children who recover from streptococcal meningitis may develop the following problems:

• cerebral palsy (a group of diseases that cause problems with brain development; these problems affect a person's ability to move and maintain balance and posture);
• hearing problems;
• learning problems;
• external deformities.

It is extremely important to try to prevent transmission of the infection to the newborn! If the child is still infected, then he should begin treatment as soon as possible by intravenous antibiotics.

Postpartum complications from streptococcal infection

GBS can cause intrauterine infection (infection of the uterus) both during and after pregnancy. The symptoms of a uterine infection are as follows:

• high body temperature (fever);
• abdominal pain;
• an increase in heart rate (during pregnancy, the heart rate of the fetus may also increase).

If you have a confirmed uterine infection caused by group B streptococcus, you will need to be treated with antibiotics, and the infection usually clears up in a few days.

What is streptococcus? How to treat this infection? Is it dangerous for the unborn child? We will try to answer these and other questions in our article.

What is this infection?

Streptococci are pathogenic bacteria that are found in the human body. In a pregnant girl, there are streptococci in the vagina, which are usually divided into 3 groups:

1. "green" look;
2. serological group B;
3. enterococci.

Experts decided to single out the 2 most dangerous pathogens:

1. hemolytic serological group A, which arose due to many cases of bacterial sepsis;
2. serogroup B, which began to appear frequently in infants.

The main spreaders of infection

Group A Streptococcus

Consider infections caused by group A streptococci.

The causative agent is hemolytic streptococcus. In pregnant girls, the nasopharynx, vagina and perianal part are mainly affected. To identify, take a swab from the vagina, a urine test, and examine in the laboratory. Most often, the girl falls ill with tonsillitis, pharyngitis; infections of the genitourinary system, endometritis and postpartum sepsis appear. The doctor can make a diagnosis using the culteral method (the respiratory diaphragm is examined). This disease can affect the fetus in such a way that it may develop diseases associated with the respiratory system.

For prevention purposes, doctors advise timely identification of the risk factor, observing the rules of hygiene at the time of birth, taking antibiotics and taking a general urine and blood test 2 times a month.

Treatment is usually carried out with the drug " Novotsin" And " Procainz-Benzyl Penicillin", in two weeks.

It is possible to diagnose streptococcal infections by turning on cultivation, in which the material is examined in an aerobic condition.

It is necessary to treat group A streptococci in a pregnant girl with the help of penicillin therapy, approximately two weeks, and in the same way, Fortazim and Vilprafen preparations can be used.

If bacterial sepsis occurs, the doctor injects a large dose of procaine penicillin intravenously. Infants, in the presence of such an infectious disease, may also be prescribed a large dose of procainepenecillin.

To prevent such a disease from reappearing, it is necessary to follow special rules, which the doctor should tell you about.

Group B Streptococcus

Now consider those infectious diseases that are caused by group B streptococci.

Pregnant women are prone to this disease much more often than everyone else. For detection, it is necessary to take a smear and examine it in the laboratory. In addition, they take a urine and blood test.

In a pregnant woman, the disease can proceed without pronounced symptoms. But sometimes it also happens that an infection of the genitourinary system can occur. To identify these diseases, you need to pass a general urine test. The disease is diagnosed by a culture method. It can affect the fetus in this way: the child subsequently develops meningitis and severe diseases of the nervous system appear.

Treatment is carried out with the help of the drug " Sumamed ».

Streptococci of this type contribute to the appearance of meningitis, septicemia, which often can lead to death. Statistics show that a premature baby gets an infection 3 times more often than other babies.

The main distribution medium for group B streptococci is the presence of a girl's normal microflora.

I was diagnosed with this infection at 29 weeks. The doctor immediately prescribed me the following treatment: the antibiotic "Cefalexin" and douching. After drinking a course of cephalexin and having done 5 douches, I came for a second examination. After I passed a general urine and blood test, the doctor said that everything became normal and no infection was found.

How should it be treated?

Streptococcal infections can only be cured with antibiotics. The course of treatment should be prescribed to you by a doctor, usually tablets are taken for two weeks. It is recommended to drink medicines such as:

Finally, we want to say that only a timely appeal to a specialist will help you avoid the development of such an unpleasant disease.

Streptococcal infection during pregnancy in a smear is detected quite often. In some regions, this figure is significantly higher than the average of 30%. This is explained by the transmission of the disease. Streptococcus isolated in smears of a pregnant woman could enter the body of a woman through one of the following ways:

• From person to person, for example, when shaking hands, kissing.
• Sexually.
• The use of personal hygiene items by several people, one of whom is a carrier of a bacterial infection. This applies not only to towels, but even soap.

During the gestation of the fetus in women, immunity is significantly reduced. This is due to certain changes in the body.

Infection can occur both at the beginning of pregnancy and in the last weeks. Therefore, significant attention should be paid to the safety of the future woman in labor. In some cases, it is even useful to limit the circle of contacts.

At risk are women who have addictions that further inhibit the functioning of the immune system. Also, negative consequences are more often recorded in those who suffer from diabetes.

In addition to the unsystematic course in a latent form, the detected streptococcus in the urine of a pregnant woman can lead to the development of various skin rashes. We are talking about the following diseases:

• Superficial streptoderma. They come in the following varieties - Tilbury Fox, folds, annular, periungual, slit-like, bullous, lips, mucous membranes, including the mouth and throat.
• Deep streptoderma have one form. The disease is called ecthyma.
• Atypical streptoderma is a simple lichen, acute diffuse streptoderma. Papular syphilitic impetigo occurs only in children of 1 year of age in the absence of proper hygiene care. Its second name is diaper dermatitis.

Often, pregnant women confuse the first manifestations of a streptococcal infection with other ailments. Therefore, it is important to know what symptoms are characteristic of this disease.

Symptoms and signs of streptococcal infection in pregnant women

Streptococcus in the urine of a pregnant woman is a fairly common occurrence. In most cases, it is sufficient to carry out drug therapy with antibiotics to get rid of a bacterial infection. The situation is much worse when group b streptococcus is detected in pregnant women. The influence of this strain can lead to the death of the mother after childbirth, their premature onset, infection of the child.

Doctors identify the following symptoms that are characteristic of a clear manifestation of streptococcal infections:

• A - skin rashes in the form of streptoderma, lesions of the respiratory tract, reproductive system, urinary tract.
• B - can cause early meningitis, pneumonia, endocartitis, septic arthritis in a newborn.
• C and G are the causative agents of zoonotic diseases.
• D - as well as A manifests itself in the form of streptoderma.

With a significant decrease in immunity, moderate growth of streptococcus during pregnancy can lead to the development of various serious diseases.

The infection can be localized in the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, genitals and reproductive organs. In severe cases, the circulatory and lymphatic systems are affected, which leads to damage to the joints, heart, and brain.

Treatment of streptococcal infection during pregnancy

The methodology for influencing streptococcal infection, the choice of drugs, largely depends on the manifestation of the disease. In addition to eliminating the pathogen itself, a course of immunomodulatory therapy is recommended. You can use such as rosehip broth, pomegranate juice, tea with chamomile and lemon balm.

Streptococcus in the throat in pregnant women is quite common. In this case, appoint Amoxicillin, Azithromycin, Cefuroxime. With a high frequency, streptococcal infection manifests itself in the form of seizures in the corners of the lips. Antibiotic ointments are used for treatment. Also, the skin around the lesion should be wiped with a solution of chloramphenicol, boric or salicylic acid.

Streptococcus in the cervical canal during pregnancy must be eliminated without fail. In this case, there is a high risk of infection of the baby during childbirth. Drug therapy is prescribed individually. It is advisable to immediately use the latest generation of antibiotics.

Consequences of streptococcal infection for mother and fetus

If streptococcus is detected during pregnancy in bakposev, it is necessary to undergo a course of antibiotic treatment prescribed by a doctor. The importance of this is determined by the fact that there is a probability of up to 2%. Approximately 15% of infected babies die. Timely prescribed drug therapy will help to avoid a lethal outcome.

Infection of an infant with epidemic pemphigus, which is caused not only by Staphylococcus aureus, but also by some streptococci, is not the fault of the maternity hospital staff. Often, its cause is a young mother who refused to take "unnecessary" tests.

Beta hemolytic streptococcus in pregnant women occurs in about 4% of the total number of women. In the normal state of the body, its presence does not manifest itself in any way. The situation is completely different when carrying a fetus. Especially if a pregnant woman has streptococcus agalatikps 10 6 degrees. Often, obstetricians associate the onset of premature birth with its presence.

Alevtina Aasar, therapist, specially for the site

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