Women's fashion and its history of development. Scenario of the holiday "Junk fashion

The history of fashion is a component of the entire development of human civilization, which very colorfully characterizes each individual era. At the dawn of evolution, clothing protected man, and that was enough. Soon the protective function was supplemented by the aesthetic one. Thus, the very concept of “fashion” was gradually born. This article will discuss how fashion arose and how it developed.

Ancient Rome

For Western civilization, the beginning of the history of fashionable clothes began with the Roman era. The inhabitants of Rome continued the traditions of the ancient Egyptians and also began to dedicate a separate color of dress to each of their deities, and only patricians could wear purple robes. The Roman toga has become an example of a dress code. They were only allowed to enter the Senate, the court or the stadium in such clothes. A simple version of the attire was sewn from linen or wool. Expensive togas were made of silk or gold threads.

Clothing in the Middle Ages

Further, the history of fashion takes us to the Middle Ages. After the majestic robes of the Roman patricians, the outfits of the nobility of the Early Middle Ages look very simple, rather poor and featureless. This fact has its own explanation - in the first place here is the functionality of the robes.

Let's talk about the clothes of commoners. The main item of clothing here is a long shirt. And they are worn by both men and women. Yarn for fabrics is made from such natural materials:

• hemp;
• nettle.

Here we can recall Andersen's fairy tale, where a sister sews a shirt for her brother from this plant. The situation changed dramatically after the start of the Crusades. XI-XII century scientists consider the time when the first hints of fashion appeared.

The European Community has undergone a major transformation since the start of the Crusades. It was at this time that women's fashion arose. The cult of the female body appears. This is displayed in an effort to emphasize its beauty and grace. Necklines appear, dresses become fitted. Long sleeves emphasize the grace of women's hands and smooth movements. The female image becomes gentle, airy and strongly contrasts with male brutality.

A little later, in women's fashion, there is a tendency to wear uncomfortable things for the sake of "beauty". For several centuries, such strange things have become a trend:

1. Cone-shaped headdresses, which for some reached a meter in height.
2. Shoes with heavily turned-up toes that had to be tied up.
3. Incredibly long trains worn exclusively by the nobility.

A huge leap in development occurred in the 14th century in France. It was here that the first sewing production appeared and learned how to cut and model clothes. There were such concepts as tucks and folds.

Renaissance fashion

The Renaissance contributes to the history of dress. At this time, European ladies wear strange cone-shaped hats, to which a train of airy matter is attached.

During the Renaissance, there was a trend to wear skeletal skirts. In the wake of popularity, they reached 7 meters in diameter. They are introduced into fashion by Jeanne of Portugal, who thus wanted to hide her illegitimate pregnancy.

A new trend is the cuts on the women's dress, through which the undershirt is visible. It was fashionable among both ladies and men.

The Spaniards also contributed to the development of fashion. This nation, more than any other, is characterized by a certain stiffness. From the middle of the 16th century, it was Spain that became the trendsetter country. Highly decollete dresses give way to women's outfits with large starched collars. Many layers appear under the skirts. The concept of perfume appeared, which was strongly addicted to both men and women. By the way, his appearance was dictated by the fact that it was difficult to wash every day, and I wanted to disguise the unpleasant smell.

Fashion Curiosities of the Renaissance

No era is complete without fashion curiosities. The most fun were the puff pants. They were short and rounded. From the inside, this type of men's clothing was stuffed with tow.

Fashion for wigs

About the huge wigs that were in trend during the time of Louis XIV, they said that this is a home for mice and various insects. We will talk in more detail about where the fashion for wigs came from. There is a version that they appeared after the French king was doused with slops from the window during a walk. At that time, people calmly poured them out, warning about this three times by shouting: “Beware!” There is a version that the population after that began to cover their heads with hoods. However, over time, this part of the clothing passed to jesters and plebeians. Therefore, the nobility decided to protect their heads in such an intricate way as wearing a huge wig.

At the end of the 16th century, wide-brimmed hats came into fashion. They were beautiful, but completely impractical. Think of the Musketeers in France and the royalists in Great Britain.

The first fashion magazines

In the 17th century, the title of trendsetter again passes to France. In Paris, trendy magazines began to be printed, which were now oriented around the world. Fashion trends began to change much faster. The cut of dresses has become looser. Parisians were the first to wear bangs. Wigs did not go out of use, but now they were made from natural hair.

Russian fashion

At the same time (17th century), the concept of fashion appeared in Russia, but it was not so stunning, since at that time a ban on everything overseas, alien was established by royal decree. Peter the Great turned out to be a big fashionista. When power passed into his hands, he began to impose fashion trends from Germany on the citizens of his country. He even issued a decree on what exactly his courtiers should wear. Fashion magazines appeared in Russia in 1779. Now it was possible to trace from them how fashion was changing all over the world.

First fashion designer

The profession of an artist who creates costumes appeared in 1820. Modern fashion historians consider this date to be the year when official fashion appeared. The need for a costume designer appeared in England, when the clothing industry reached such an impressive size that such a specialist was needed.

The first fashion designer was Charles Frederick Worth. He worked in Britain but decided he deserved more and went to Paris in 1845. In France, he has been working for five years in a company that sews and sells ready-made outfits. After gaining some experience, he takes a chance and opens his own ready-to-wear salon. Worth does not become famous immediately.

The fame of a trendsetter came to him after Napoleon's wife, Eugenie Montijo, draws attention to the dress that Charles made for the wife of the Austrian ambassador. The outfit seemed something unusual and unearthly, because Worth used grass, sequins, tulle, pink hearts, and daisy buds as decor.

Let's sum up, what has changed in fashion since the onset of the New Age?

Radical changes begin with the period of bourgeois revolutions:

1. Men's trousers get a start in life thanks to the Jacobin club.
2. During the time of Napoleon, the traditions of antiquity returned to the water.
3. The main attribute of femininity - the corset - appears in 1880.
4. In the 19th century, another event in the history of fashion: now men have a jacket.
5. Hat fashion is developing at an unrealistic pace. During the season, about 30 current models are replaced:

• caps;
• bibi hats;
• turbans;
• berets.

Oh, the 20th century...

The history of fashion here is not just developing. She moves with leaps and bounds. There is a deafening breakthrough in its development. With the advent of dances such as Charleston and tango, the volume of dresses is reduced and the length of skirts is greatly reduced.

Now it is very difficult to meet a girl with a scythe. Mostly young ladies cut their hair short and wear flirty hats, for example, "tulips". The trendsetter is the legendary Coco Chanel. She presents to the world that thing that no self-respecting lady's wardrobe can do without - a little black dress.

First bra

The bra was first patented in 1903 under the name "bust holder", but at that moment it did not receive recognition and distribution, since corsets were still worn at that time. He simply wasn't needed. This underwear was used for the first time in 1910 in Bakst's costumes for the production of Scheherazade.

These models were soft, their design did not lift the bust, but only supported it. At that time, fashion did not require this, since the trend was boyish figures for women. The fashion trend was called "le garcon".

Boom of Slavic fashion and beauty in Europe

The paradox is that while in Russia after the October Revolution the fashion for everything ethnic was eradicated, in the West they turned to Russian traditions. All this is due to the talented emigrants who hid here and began to share their knowledge and skill in making clothes.

Europeans really liked such a headdress as a kokoshnik. At one time, hats of bright red color, stylized as it, even come into fashion.

What distinguished the Russian style of dress?

Characteristic features of the Russian style:

1. Slanted clasp.
2. Embroidery with imitation of Russian folk ornament.
3. Silk dresses, painted with bright aniline colors, which resembled Russian popular prints.
4. A stand-up collar, which was nicknamed boyar.
5. Long wide coats, which were decorated with fur and embroidery of incredible beauty.

Russian women began to open uvroirs in Europe - artels (studio). Later, the first full-fledged Russian fashion houses appeared, which specialized exclusively in folklore style. Such was the institution that bore the name "Paul Caret". Its founder in London, and then in the capital of France, was Princess Lobanova-Rostovskaya.

In the West, beadwork, which was performed by Russian craftswomen, is most valued at that time. The largest house of Slavic fashion was an institution called "Iteb". Now this building houses the headquarters of TM L "oreal Paris.

Russian fashion models in Europe

It is thanks to the Russian beauties, who did not hesitate to go on the podium and become trendsetters, that the craft of a fashion model has ceased to be something shameful. Thanks to emigrants, society's attitude towards models has changed.

It was the aristocrats, who fled from the revolution and were forced to earn their own bread by their own labor, with dignity that became the first so-called top models of such legendary fashion houses as Lanvin, Chanel, Poiret. Russian ladies impressed the audience with their manners, excellent education, knowledge of languages, beauty and refinement. They raised the profession of a fashion model to a height.

Blogger Donna Julietta writes: “Today I was looking at various retro photographs that depict the history of people’s lives and then I thought it would be nice to look at photos that related to fashion, to see how it changed, how interesting fashion girls dressed then. And I decided, why not make a review regarding fashion for decades. I’ll make a reservation right away that I will not cite as an example women who were popular at a certain time, it is better to pay special attention to them. Let's just discuss fashion."

(Total 43 photos)

Post sponsor: : For every taste. Huge collection.
Source: Journal/ make-your-style

Let's start with the 10s of the XX century.

1. Corsets have held back women for years, making their figures much more beautiful and graceful, and making life harder. The impossibility of inhaling and exhaling once again, constant illnesses due to too tightly tightened "shells" - all this made the corset, although a significant object of the era, but very unpleasant.
Therefore, in 1906, women all over the world literally exhaled - a couturier named Paul Poiret for the first time suggested wearing dresses of a simple cut, without corsets. Very soon, such dresses came into fashion - that is why the tenth years were remembered as the years of "liberation" of women from the oppression of one of the most uncomfortable toilet items, and Paul Poiret became a real deliverer for the ladies of high society.

2. In the 1910s, Russian chic was in fashion - the Russian Seasons, which the famous Sergei Diaghilev brought to Paris, were a huge success. Ballet, opera, art, exhibitions - all this was accompanied by a huge number of receptions at which our ladies could adopt the art of haute couture among Parisians.

3. It was then that all the familiar attributes of a “chic life” in the wardrobe began to come into fashion - women bared their shoulders, began to wear very boudoir-looking toilets, decorating them with a huge number of feather fans, precious jewelry and shiny accessories.

Smooth transition to the fashion of the 20s

4. During this period, sports, sports figures of the male type came into fashion with confident steps, and female forms began to gradually lose their relevance and popularity. The ideal is a thin lady with narrow hips, without the slightest hint of a bust or other roundness. The famous Gabrielle Chanel can be called the reformer and revolutionary of fashion of this period. Along with her, in these times, fashionable clothes were created in such fashion houses as Nina Ricci, Chanel, Madame Paquin, Jean Patou, Madeleine Vionnet, Jacques Doucet, Jacques Heim, Lucille”, fur fashion house “Jacques Heim” and others.

5. Egyptian motifs began to come into fashion in the 1920s. Designers' models were decorative, with an abundance of jewelry, zig-zag embroidery. This style was called "art deco", and came from the name of the exhibition of modern decorative and industrial art in Paris in 1925.

6. It was the style of decorating and embellishing things. Decor elements were present on furniture, kitchen utensils, and women's dresses.

7. Shoes trimmed with embroidery or appliqués, decorated according to the taste of popular couturiers of that time, came into fashion. "Art Deco" is an eclectic style in which African abstract exoticism is mixed with the geometric forms of cubism; non-traditional inexpensive and simple materials are mixed with expensive traditional materials of good quality.

8. Such a combination of incongruous, mixed in one style.

9. As a result of the fashion features of the 20s:

- the main elements of clothing are, of course, dresses, straight-cut suits;
- pleating is in fashion;
- fashionable coat of straight cut tapering to the bottom and with a fur collar;
- pajama pants and pajamas are in fashion, in which at that time they went to the beach;
- the first bathing suits for women appeared - a revolution in beach fashion;
- clothes were sewn from more affordable fabrics and knitwear became a discovery;
- sports style is in fashion, not only trousers appear, but also shorts;
- the appearance of Chanel's classic little black dress;

Fashion of the 30s

10. In these times, the cut of clothes has become more complicated. The quality of mass-produced ready-to-wear clothing has improved markedly. Hollywood is a trendsetter in the US. But even here, firms began to appear that traded with the help of catalogs sent by mail. These firms distributed new fashion models in millions of copies.

11. Long skirts became the fashion standard in the crisis times of the thirties. In 1929, Jean Patou was the first to offer long dresses and skirts, the waist line of which was in its place. After this innovation, all fashion houses lengthened their models in two stages. At first, the length of dresses and skirts reached the middle of the calf, and a little later it dropped almost to the ankle. Ladies, following fashion trends, lengthened their clothes on their own. They sewed wedges and various frills.

12. A very popular clothing of the 30s was a women's street suit, which existed in a wide variety of versions. Outerwear - coats and jackets were distinguished by their extraordinary elegance and variety of styles.

13. Each type of clothing, including the costume, was characterized by a wide variety of shaped lines and finishes. The cut of costumes became more complicated, began to rely on geometry, which gives clarity to the silhouette.

14. Decorative details and decorations were widely used in the costume. Hat, handbag, gloves and shoes - that's what should have been in the same color scheme. Accessories were selected very strictly. As a rule, they were black or brown, and in summer they were white.

15. Accessories chosen in this way easily matched any dress or suit, which was relevant during the crisis. In the fashion of the 30s, accessories played a huge role. After all, most women of those years, except for a hat or handbag, could not afford anything else.

40s fashion

16. The dominant fashion trend of the early 40s was layered long skirts, huge bows on clothes, sometimes with the addition of a vertical strip, puffed sleeves. It is worth noting that at that time, striped clothing was the most popular. The war began, and the world moved to a paramilitary position, so the fashion of the 40s has undergone significant changes. Women no longer have time to think about makeup and replenishing their wardrobe.

17. During this period, the appearance of outfits was greatly simplified to minimalism in everything. Natural fabrics are no longer used for civilian purposes. Clothing for women began to be produced and sewn from acetate silk and viscose.

18. Floral designs are back in fashion: ornaments, small flowers have become the main decoration of the fabric and dresses sewn from this material. It became impossible to sew blouses and shirts from white fabric, so cuffs and collars began to take root in fashion. The military style, which is still popular today, became the discovery of the war period.

19. At the same time, they released a new model of shoes: shoes with stiletto heels.

20. Also an innovation was the production of turtleneck blouses, these models with a high collar under the throat deservedly received the recognition of fashionistas of those times.

50s fashion

22. In the post-war years, social differences became noticeably sharper. Wives have again turned into a symbol of the well-being of their spouses, as a kind of showcase for others. A mandatory ritual for every woman has become a visit to a hairdressing salon, applying makeup. The ideal woman, even if she did not work anywhere and was a housewife, should have been fully armed already in the early morning: with a perfect haircut, high heels and makeup, standing by the stove or vacuuming the carpet.

23. Even in the Soviet Union, in which the way of life was significantly different from the Western one, it was customary to do hair styling at a hairdresser or a perm at least once a week, which also began to come into fashion with particular swiftness.

24. The 50s style contrasted the hourglass silhouette with the crisp, flared shoulder silhouette that was popular during the war years. Thus, there were special requirements for the figure: sloping shoulders, a thin waist, rounded feminine hips and lush breasts.

25. To meet these standards, women wore tight corsets, lined their bras with cloth or cotton, and tightened their bellies. The images of beauty of those times were: Elizabeth Taylor, Lyubov Orlova, Sophia Loren, Clara Luchko, Marilyn Monroe.

26. Among the young population, the standards were Lyudmila Gurchenko and others. A fashionable and stylish woman of the style of the 50s was like a flower in silhouette: a fluffy floor-length skirt, under which they wore a multi-layered petticoat, high heels with stilettos, nylon stockings with a seam. Stockings are a must-have accessory to complete the look and were extremely expensive. But what women did not just go to look attractive and feel like beauties who follow fashion trends. It was problematic to buy fabrics at that time, they were released into one hand no more than a certain amount, approved by the norms of those times. To sew one skirt under the "new silhouette", it took from nine to forty meters of material!

Fashion 60s

The legendary 60s is the brightest decade in the history of world fashion, free and expressive, the period of the solemn procession of the so-called youth fashion. The new style needed new hairstyles. Once again, London was ahead of Paris in terms of innovative ideas. In 1959, the French film Babette Goes to War starring Brigitte Bardot was released. A casually whipped hairstyle with a pile, despite the fact that fashionistas take a lot of time to create it, is becoming super popular.

27. Accessories became very popular: beads made of large beads, voluminous jewelry, macro glasses that covered the floor of the face.

28. In London, the most scandalous clothing of the sixties was born - a miniskirt, a symbol of emancipation and the sexual revolution. In 1962, the legendary Mary Quant showed the first mini-length collection. The new style, called "London style", very quickly conquered the youth of the whole world.

29. 60s - the era of synthetics and everything artificial. Synthetic fabrics are widely used in mass fashion - they are considered the most comfortable and practical, as they do not wrinkle and are easily washed, in addition, they are cheap.

30. The fashion of that time is supportive of unnaturalness - false eyelashes, wigs, hairpieces, jewelry. High women's boots with low heels, with a narrow or wide rounded toe made of leather or synthetic material, called go-go (go go) are becoming super popular. Boots became widespread with the advent of mini-length fashion and the dance style of the same name.

The fashion of the late 1960s is influenced by the hippie movement. The youth opposed social and class distinctions, racial discrimination and war. With their appearance, hippies emphasized the denial of the norms of official culture. Their clothes are deliberately casual and even sloppy - torn jeans, beaded bracelets, fabric bags-bags over their shoulders. Sexlessness of appearance is emphasized, long hair symbolizes freedom.

70s fashion

31. In the 1970s, fashion became even more democratic. And, despite the fact that many call the 70s the era of bad taste, it can be said that it was in those years that people had more means for self-expression through fashion. There was no single style direction, everything was fashionable: ethnic, disco, hippie, minimalism, retro, sports style.

32. The motto of the 70s was the expression "Everything is possible!". For the choice of progressive and active young people, the couturiers presented several styles, none of which could be called dominant. The most fashionable element of the wardrobe was jeans, which were originally worn only by cowboys, and then by hippies and students.

33. Also in the wardrobe of fashionistas of that time were trapeze skirts, flared trousers, tunics, overalls, blouses with a large bright print, turtleneck sweaters, A-line dresses, shirt dresses.

34. In addition, it should be noted that clothing has become more comfortable and practical. The concept of a basic wardrobe has appeared, consisting of the required number of things that are combined with each other. As for shoes, platform shoes have gained popularity.

35. Of the designers in the 70s, Sonia Rykiel was singled out, who was called the new Chanel. Sonya Rykiel created comfortable, comfortable clothes: sweaters, cardigans, dresses made of woolen knitwear and mohair.

80s fashion

36. In the fashion of the 80s, retro images intertwined, rethought by designers, as well as born by youth subcultures, music and dance trends, and the ongoing boom in sports.

37. Hip-hop, gothic, post-punk, rave, house, techno, breakdance, snowboarding, skateboarding, rollerblading, step aerobics - all these phenomena were reflected in the style of the decade.

38. The list of iconic items of the decade of stylistic revelry is impressive - padded shoulders, banana trousers, military-style and safari-style clothes, kimono, batwing and raglan sleeves, leggings with bright patterns, black fishnet tights, worn denim, so-called varenka, black leather jackets, lurex, massive jewelry, jewelry buttons on jackets, voluminous hairstyles or styling with the effect of "wet hair", cascading haircuts, spiral perms, hair of decorative colors, such as "eggplant", highlighting "feathers". A lot of cosmetics of deliberate shades with sparkles and mother-of-pearl were used.

Massive 1980s can be described as excessive. Everything, as it were, is "too" - too narrow, too voluminous, too catchy, too bright. In the 80s, designers who thought outside the box and created unusual clothes with original decor elements were successful: Vivienne Westwood, John Galliano, Jean-Paul Gaultier.

90s fashion

39. The style of the 90s in clothing, which has become universal, is better called not a style, but a new approach to choosing clothes. Because in the fashion of the 90s, the very principle of creating one’s image is changing, as well as the principle used in creating a costume. The main call of the nineties is “be who you are!” In those days, denim clothes were of particular importance - only the lazy did not go in it. Avid fashionistas managed to wear jeans with denim shirts, bags and boots. So the style of the 90s can be safely called "denim", since every person had such a thing in more than one copy.

40. In the nineties, unisex fashion spreads around the world: jeans with a T-shirt or loose-fitting trousers with a sweater, complemented by comfortable shoes.

41. The nineties are the time of sneakers and flat shoes. This unisex style is very fond of large Italian and American firms such as Banana Republic, Benetton, Marko Polo. Costumes strive for simplicity and functionality, which, however, revives the traditions of partnership art, when, along with strict asceticism, the costume contains deliberate theatricality with a bright range of colors. Fashion changes depending on the social orientation and territoriality, as in Europe the bohemian prefers conceptual designer clothes.

42. The main fashion emphasis of the nineties is not on clothes, but on its owner. A fashionable image is created by a slender figure with tanned or milky white skin. The culture of the body flourishes as in the days of ancient Greece. Fashionistas and women of fashion visit not only sports clubs, but also beauty parlors and even use the services of plastic surgery. Supermodels from fashion catwalks become role models, a significant contribution to this was made by television and fashion magazines.

43. Well then. This concludes my review. I would like to say that of all times, the 30s, 50s and 70s are closer to my preferences. In general, everything new is a long forgotten old.

In order to guess the allusions of the couturier at a glance at the silhouette and cut, it is worth understanding the history of fashion of the last century. ELLE has compiled a short "cheat sheet" on fashionable eras, which will not allow you to make a mistake.

Belle Epoque (translated from French as “beautiful era”) with a characteristic hourglass silhouette is being replaced by Art Deco. The new canon of beauty is the natural, unrestricted forms of the female body. Europe dresses up in exotic outfits, inspired by the ballet Scheherazade, presented by Diaghilev as part of the Russian Seasons in Paris.

fashion designer: Paul Poiret is a fashion reformer, it was he who freed women from corsets and bustles, offering loose tunic dresses in the ancient Greek style, as well as capes, montos and harem pants inspired by the East. Poiret introduced exoticism and orientalism into fashion, cultivating luxury and abundance in clothes: expensive fabrics and a lot of decor are signs of his creations.

Styles: high-waisted dress, skirt narrowed to the bottom, skirt-trousers, harem pants, kimono cape, sari dress, turban, pouch bag.

Fabrics and decor: brocade, silk, velvet, taffeta, oriental ornaments, gold thread embroidery, precious stones, batik.

Style Icons: Isadora Duncan made Poiret's loose tunic famous all over the world by appearing on stage in a translucent outfit - an unheard of audacity. Another fashion icon of the era - Ida Rubinstein, the star of the ballet "Scheherazade" - did not leave the image of an oriental beauty outside the stage, choosing silk kimonos for every day.

An emancipated woman drives a car, writes novels, smokes, and famously dances the Charleston in a comfortable straight dress with a low waist - a symbol of the era. The modest elegance of Coco Chanel coexists with the excesses of the Jazz Age: feathers, boas and fringes. The garcon style (translated from French as “boy”) coexisted with Art Deco, and is still popular.

fashion designer: Coco Chanel dressed women in men's clothes and proved that a little black dress, complemented by a string of pearls, is an evening option no worse than a beaded outfit. Jeanne Lanvin was responsible for a more feminine fashion direction.

Styles: cylinder dress, fur coat, jacket, cardigan, loose canvas trousers, pajama set for the beach, cloche hat, headbands and headbands with rich decorations.

Fabrics and decor: lace, silk, velvet, wool, boucle, jersey; basic colors - black, white, gray, cream, beige; pearl jewelry, a minimum of decor - for Chanel, a maximum - for the rest (embroidery, feathers, bows, glass beads).

Style Icons: Silent film actress and dancer Louise Brooks became famous not only for her freedom of morals, but also for her love of cloche hats. Tennis player Suzanne Lenglet introduced the fashion for women's sportswear.

The new era resolutely refuses the androgynous style of the dress, which hides sensual curves. Fashion designers proclaim a different silhouette - an accentuated waist, from which a flowing long skirt extends. Following the athletes, the girls begin to wear knitwear. The luxurious decor of the past decade is forgotten - the Great Depression and the feeling of an imminent war set completely different moods.

fashion designer: Elsa Schiaparelli invents a sweater dress, a printed jumper, for the first time using viscose and a zipper. She is the first fashion provocateur and surrealist. What is worth at least a dress with lobster and parsley or a hat in the form of a shoe!

Styles: floor-length dress with an accentuated waistline, sweater dress, jumper, pleated tennis skirts, polo dresses, sweatpants, elbow-length silk gloves, trains, the first bathing suits.

Fabrics and decor: tulle, silk, velvet, wool, knitwear; noble saturated and pastel colors - dark blue, burgundy, pearl; lace trim.

Style Icons: Women of cold beauty, Hollywood stars - Marlene Dietrich and Greta Garbo, beckoning from the screens with perfection and sophistication.

The war begins, and the girls are forced to abandon luxurious complex outfits. Military-style clothing appears - women's items sewn from the same fabrics as the uniform of the military. While fashion in Europe is shackled by the restrictions of the Second World War, the United States creates its own haute couture.

fashion designer: The main “trendsetter” of the decade is the shortage of fabrics, buttons, and decorative elements. It is he who determines the innovations in the women's wardrobe: shortens the length of the skirt, prohibits lush frills due to the high consumption of fabric, deprives stockings and hairpins, and girls have to wear hats and scarves to hide untidy hair.

Styles: a fitted jacket with patched shoulders, a double-breasted coat, a pencil skirt, a blouse with puffed sleeves, a shirt-cut dress with an emphasis on the waist, a dress in a marine style, a hat with a veil, a belt, brooches, beads.

Fabrics: dark green, khaki, brown, grey, dark grey, black, sky blue, white, light yellow, red; wool, cotton, flannel; plaid, polka dot print.

Style Icons: America's sex symbol, Hollywood actress Rita Hayworth and pin-up models Betty Grable and Bettie Page. Images of beauties were so fond of American soldiers that they even repeated them on airplanes.

Paris returns the title of fashion capital. New look - a new look for a woman, proposed by Christian Dior, is gaining popularity. During the war years, everyone was too tired of hardship! Girls strive to look as feminine as possible and spend a lot of time and money on toilets.

Fashion Designers: Christian Dior generously spends meters of fabric on one full skirt with a high waist (an outrageous and delightful luxury!) And again drags women into corsets. Cristobal Balenciaga takes a different path and prefers a straight silhouette and architectural experiments with it to Dior's "buds" and "hourglass". Coco Chanel returns to the world of fashion and presents a tweed jacket with a skirt, while Hubert Givenchy creates elegant, aristocratic outfits for his muse Audrey Hepburn.

Styles: floor-length bustier dress, flared pleated skirt, short narrow-waisted jacket, A-line coat with three-quarter sleeves, gloves, small hat, clutch bag, pointed-toe shoes, pearls, necklaces.

Fabrics and decor: velor, flannel, wool, silk, satin, suede; embroidered flowers, lace, small flower pattern, horizontal stripe.

Style Icons: Marilyn Monroe, Grace Kelly, Sophia Loren, Elizabeth Taylor and Audrey Hepburn dictate fashion from the screens, demonstrating the latest models of the most popular designers.

Freedom of morals is a fashionable anthem of the era! A miniskirt, jeans, a trouser suit, a-line dresses and an A-line coat appear in the women's wardrobe. Fashion designers, following contemporary artists, are experimenting with might and main and creating clothes from vinyl and synthetic materials.

Fashion Designers: English designer Mary Quant gave the world a miniskirt. André Courrège and Yves Saint Laurent almost simultaneously presented a short A-line dress, which became an absolute hit. In addition to haute couture, couturiers are starting to create pret-a-porter collections.

Styles: miniskirt, high-waisted trousers, jeans, a-line dress, round collar coat, peasant-style shirt, sundress, knee-high boots, shoulder bag, wide-brimmed hats.

Fabrics and decor: cotton, denim, knitwear, wool, viscose, stripes, checks, polka dots, small patterns; strings, bows, collars, lace trim.

Style Icons: Brigitte Bardot made the sensual look ultra-fashionable: her tousled bouffant hairstyle and bright black arrows were copied everywhere. Jacqueline Kennedy reconciled trends and timeless classics in her stylish looks and served as a model of elegance for thousands of women from all over the world.

The denim boom is taking over the world: blue and blue, ripped and frayed denim are at the peak of popularity. Following the growing hippie movement, couturiers are turning to folklore and ethnicity. Unisex style is gaining ground - men and women dress in the same, simple and comfortable clothes. Actual music dictates its own dress code - this is how the disco style appears. Outrageous punk - the style of rebellious youth - was adopted by Vivienne Westwood. New fashion centers are emerging - for example, in the first Milan Fashion Week, Giorgio Armani, Gianni Versace and the Missoni family presented their collections.

fashion designer: Yves Saint Laurent gave fashion a women's tuxedo, sheer blouse, safari style, abstract prints, African motifs and much more. "Japanese in Paris" Kenzo Takada acted as an apologist for Asian sensuality and street style. Sonia Rykiel made the fine jersey sweater dress her calling card, and Oscar de la Renta opened a personal brand in New York.

Styles: turtlenecks, shirts, jeans, flared trousers, sundresses, knitted sweaters, cardigans, hats, ponchos, canvas bags, baubles, overalls.

Fabrics and decor: linen, cotton, wool, silk, denim, bright colors, colorful ornaments, embroidery, oriental and floral patterns, beading.

Style Icons: Jane Birkin shocked the audience with revealing outfits, for example, a mesh dress worn over a naked body. Model Lauren Hutton showed how to dress in safari style in everyday life, and Jerry Hall was a fan of disco style and advised adding glamor to any look.

Business lady is the new ideal of the era. Designers come up with a whole wardrobe of an independent and successful woman. And then they go further, presenting provocatively sexy outfits that prove what power the so-called weaker sex has over men.

fashion designer: Karl Lagerfeld becomes creative director of Chanel in 1983 and launches the House's first ready-to-wear line. Japanese designers Yohji Yamamoto and Rei Kawakubo are declaring themselves with a completely new trend in fashion - deconstructivism, which transforms and breaks the usual silhouettes of clothes.

Styles: classic trousers with arrows, jackets and tuxedos with overlaid shoulders, sheath dresses, dresses and sweaters with batwing sleeves, leather jackets and raincoats, leggings, bustier tops, mini and midi made of leather, platform shoes, over the knee boots.

Fabrics and decor: leather, mohair, velor, velveteen, suede, silk, satin, viscose; rich and neon shades, animal prints, vertical stripes.

Alexander McQueen and Jean Paul Gaultier and supports their couture frenzy. The mass market is spreading all over the world, even penetrating into the USSR - already collapsed, but still closed. Sports style, grunge and punk are relevant for young people around the world.

Fashion Designers: Marc Jacobs showcases a grunge collection at Fashion Week on behalf of Perry Ellis. John Galliano shocks critics with his theatrical shows. Calvin Klein brings androgyny back into fashion.

Styles: t-shirts, pullovers, denim jackets, low-waisted jeans, denim skirts, sundresses with thin straps, hoodies and sweatshirts, sneakers and sneakers, rough boots.

Fabrics and decor: cotton, denim, leather, flannel, viscose, chiffon, all colors, prints with logos and names of famous companies.

Style Icons: Supermodels Linda Evangelista, Cindy Crawford, Naomi Campbell, Christy Turlington, Claudia Schiffer and Kate Moss, who have become not just faces of the era, but role models for millions.

Development of extracurricular activities for high school students.

Scenario of extracurricular activities for high school students.

Extra-curricular event: "Fashion is a mirror of history"

Goals of the extracurricular activity: expanding horizons; aesthetic education.

Tasks: to acquaint with the history of the origin of hats, trousers; develop aesthetic taste and creativity; give advice on the style and culture of clothing; activate cognitive activity.

Preparatory work: pick up literature; conduct consultations for speakers; consult with the MHC teacher; invite guests; collect exhibits for the exhibition; give creative tasks to students; prepare material for creative work; paintings, slides, photo materials, video materials, etc.

Members: students, teachers, teacher of the MHC, fashion designer, teacher of labor, members of the needlework circle.

Conduct form: excursion to the world of fashion.

Motto:“Fashion is a short-term form of standardized mass behavior that occurs predominantly spontaneously, under the influence of moods, tastes, and hobbies that dominate in a given period and in a given society” (ethics dictionary).

Event progress

Leading. Throughout history, mankind has created many things. Usually all things are divided into two groups. The first group is those things that are created as tools of production. And the second is things for consumption, everything that a person needs for existence. Among the things of the second group are the things that make up our wardrobe. Each type of clothing (shoes, headwear) has its own history. Maybe it will seem to someone that this is not as interesting as the history of great discoveries and travels. But today we will be able to make sure that the history of things is interesting in its own way. And not everything in this story is so simple. Firstly, in modern things, their names have preserved our long-gone past. Secondly, our things are a kind of visiting card of us as a person, our taste and style.

The things of our wardrobe are the embodiment of labor, skill and creativity of people of many generations. And the more we know, the richer our spiritual world will become, our horizons will expand. Things are witnesses of history. They teach and educate us.

It would seem that such an ordinary thing as a headdress. And what he just was not!

(The guys start their correspondence tour by demonstrating hats (including those made by themselves or drawn, you can use large photographs, paintings or slides).)

Student 1. The mildness of the climate of the Mediterranean, the ethics and aesthetics of the era of Antiquity allowed a person to wear very open clothes. And they used a headdress only in the field or when they went on the road. On their head was a hat with a brim. And it was called "petasos".

Clay figurines of men and women (Tanagrians) found during excavations have umbrella hats on their heads. Such hats protected a person from the sun.

The working people wore pilos (brimless caps), while wealthy people preferred wreaths and headbands.

Student 2. The Romans, both masters and slaves, also wore felt caps. Subsequently, only the working people wore such caps. The slave, who was granted freedom, was presented with a pileus - a hat made of felt. Historians suggest that the modern custom of taking off your hat as a sign of greeting dates back to the time when this action meant: "I am your slave and ready to serve you."

The cap with the top hanging down on the forehead became a symbol of freedom (such were worn by the Phrygian tribes from the 8th to the 5th century BC). The same caps became a symbol of freedom for the French revolutionaries (XVIII century).

The inhabitants of the Roman province of the Dacians (who lived on the territory of modern Romania) also wore pileus. But here it became the privilege of the nobility. The common people grew long hair, so the common people were called hairy or shaggy. In the cold, such people covered their heads with the free end of the cloak. This idea was picked up later to create a raincoat with a hood (demonstrates).

Student 3. In the Middle Ages, the costume increasingly became a symbol of social status. He determined the belonging of a person to a class, estate and even a social group. Everyone had to wear a dress that would correspond to his position. Otherwise, public morality considered itself offended.

Women, who were said to be "the sweet evil that rules the world", had to wear an oriental-style veil on their heads in order to hide their heads and even part of their faces. Men did not want to be distracted and increase the power of women over themselves. Women were forbidden to laugh or talk in the street. So they walked with their eyes downcast.

Student 4. The white bridal veil as a symbol of purity and purity appeared among Christians in the 4th century. And the black veil has become a symbol of mourning.

In the XII-XIII centuries, women wore a tight headband. The will and thought of a woman were also connected. A round hat called a "chapel" or a hoop complemented the woman's headdress.

Student 5. Moralists and spiritual shepherds were horrified when high headdresses, high hairstyles, sometimes with “horns” began to appear in the wardrobe of women and gain more and more distribution. It was the influence of Parisian fashion.

See how it sits

Girl's hat.

She feels

Like that queen.

Looking at everyone with a proud look,

Down to conversation.

And casually so drops:

"Yes, Paris supplies them."

Pupil 6. In the XIV century, the feudal lords came into fashion high caps - ennens. This emphasized the high social status. The Burgundian ladies received them with delight. And this fashion lasted almost a hundred years.

Ennens were made from stiff paper or starched linen. The top was covered with expensive fabric. A long veil was attached. The more noble the lady, the higher the ennen (up to 1 meter!). It was a demonstration of his wealth and rise above the mob. Men, in order to keep up with women, wore something similar to a “sugar loaf” on their heads.

Pupil 7. Woven straw hats appeared in the 10th century. The warriors of the Holy Roman Empire even fought in such hats, and this did not prevent them from winning.

In the 12th century, the crusaders brought oriental turbans as trophies. But their wearing was not approved by the clergy.

And in the XIV century, chaperons appeared - something resembling a hood with a long tail.

The Italians in the 15th century took the turban as the basis for their hat called "balzo". It was made of tin or leather and covered with colorful silk.

Then came the time for a round and flat dress called "barret" (exists since the time of Byzantium).

The top of society did not like that ordinary people allow themselves to wear hats in which they go to know. Therefore, the Queen of England introduced a ban on the wearing of hats by commoners. And the German emperor established the "Rules of dress". So, in the XIV-XV centuries, a doctor wore a beret, a theologian or scientist wore a black cap, and a notary wore a beaver hat.

But the Burgundian dandies had one hat on their heads, and the other was worn behind their backs.

Student 8. In Rus', the boyars wore an embroidered hat (tafya or skufya) on a shaved head (shaving their heads before the holiday is a “legacy” of the Horde yoke) at home. Leaving the house, they put on a cap, and on it - a throaty hat, which the noble boyars did not take off even in front of the tsar. At home, such a hat took pride of place in the red corner.

Over time, the hat becomes more and more a symbol. In Germany in the 16th century, important people did not take off their hats even during meetings. Europe in the 17th century went further. Hats were not taken off indoors, during meals, and even in church. The hat has become a fetish. The very right to wear one or another headdress was considered a privilege.

There was a time when "horns" came into fashion, which could be seen not only on knightly helmets, but also on ladies' caps.

Pupil 9. The cocked hat, which received the name "Baroque" from the Italian word, which means "strange, bizarre", came from a military hat, the crown of which prevented carrying a gun on the shoulder. Therefore, the crown was bent. The cocked hat was worn by both military and civilians. But when Louis XIV introduced the fashion for large wigs, the cocked hat had to be carried in the hands or under the arm. With its help, when bowing, very intricate figures were performed.

For convenience, a two-corner was made from a cocked hat. And it has existed for quite some time. Until the October Revolution in Russia, it was worn by officials.

"HER MAJESTY FASHION, OR GIRLS IN SECRET" (meeting of the club "Young Ladies").

Presenter 1. On the topic of fashion, in total, what is connected with it, many people spoke. Someone condemned her, and someone bowed before her. Some took it seriously, while others took it with a grain of salt. Since the advent of fashion, so much has been said about it that it is time to publish a whole dictionary of popular expressions. In the meantime, it has not been published, we invite you to get acquainted with the most vivid and curious statements.
Fashion is...
… when everyone likes what is known that everyone likes it. (Unknown author)
… a controlled epidemic. (Bernard Show)
... such an unbearable kind of ugliness that it has to be changed every six months, (Oscar Wilde)
… one of the ways to bring joy to little people for big money. (Georgy Kovalchuk)
... a despot whom smart people ridicule, but obey. (Ambrose Bierce).

One hundred clothes.
There is no bad weather, only bad clothes. (English proverb)
Whoever despises fashion is a formal fool, and whoever worships it is a corporate fool. (Konstantin Melikhan)
Nothing ages a woman like an overly rich suit. (Coco Chanel)
Oh those ladies...
A woman wants to dress like others, and suffers if she is really dressed like others. (Leszek Kumor)
Yesterday this woman was so simple and kind, today she is proud and impudent! And only because a feather plucked from an ostrich's tail appeared on her head. How proud this bird must be, which has many of them and, moreover, its own! (Alphonse Carr)
Lead 2. With these girls No trouble: They didn’t have time to grow up - They demand outfits. Every day of excitement, Every day of care. Oh those girls! Oh those mods!
Lead 1. At first glance, it may seem that fashion does not have many options for variability. The choice is small: longer - shorter, wider - narrower. Meanwhile, fashion changes and changes. On a whim and out of necessity, they change within states and cross the borders of countries. They dictate, command and leave the stage. In fashion there is a lot of reasonable, but also a lot of curious, funny.
Lead 2 Thousands of fashion designers are working on new drawings of clothes, shoes, hats. But sometimes they are not the legislators of the new fashion. Take high heels. Not fashion designers or shoemakers introduced them, but the French king Louis XIV. He was small in stature, and so I wanted to look taller!
The favorite of the next Louis, the Marquise Pompadour, “took care of” the high heels of women's shoes. The reason is the same.
Lead 1. The courageous ancient Greeks valued "beauty without fuss and beauty without effeminacy." Their clothes were simple and comfortable. But already the Roman patricians considered it necessary to stand out among other people with their attire. Mods rushed to the rescue.
What did the court fashion designers not please their masters! So, in the middle of the 16th century, short, spherical pants, reaching to the middle of the thigh, appeared in Spain. To give them this shape, these trousers were stuffed with horsehair or tow. A wealthy Spanish nobleman walks the streets - two balls bubbling on his hips, a sword hanging horizontally. Otherwise, the balls do not allow. . This fashion was adopted by the English nobles. Pants began to sew even wider. Because of this, even some furniture had to be redone: to expand the seats in parliament. Pants no longer fit in the old chairs.
Spanish fashionistas had an even harder time: they had to wear two dresses at once. One is open, the other is mute. This deaf tightly stretched over a metal or reed frame, reaching to the very floor. Very uncomfortable! But what to do: according to the etiquette of that time, Spanish women had no right to show their legs.
Lead 2 But in France, long skirts have become fashionable for a different reason. The daughters of King Louis IX had very large feet. It was even somehow embarrassing to appear with such feet in public. Someone, apparently, suggested to the royal daughters that 100 years ago in Italy they wore long dresses with trains. Immediately, long trains appeared at the French court. Well, it's already gone! The plumes filled the whole of Europe. Noble ladies did not spare any means, if only to outdo someone! The winner in this "competition" was the Russian Empress Catherine II. For her coronation, she sewed a dress with a train 7 meters wide and 70 meters long. Fifty pages carried it, following the empress.
Lead 1. Mods were not only meant to hide something not very beautiful, but also to show off something beautiful. The French Queen Anne of Austria had, for example, beautiful hands. Why hide them under clothes? Nothing at all. She prompted her tailors, and dresses with short sleeves came into fashion in France.
As for the skirts, in the middle of the 18th century they became wider than men's Spanish and English pants. The so-called basket skirts came into fashion. On the hips they reached two meters wide, and in a circumference along the floor as many as eight. So try to approach the young lady in such an outfit! ..
Lead 2 Dresses and shoes have always been accompanied by numerous other articles of clothing.
Let's say an ordinary handkerchief. It first appeared in the 15th century, but was not widespread. The fashion for a handkerchief was approved by the wife of Napoleon Bonaparte Josephine. She had ugly teeth, and she always held a small lace handkerchief in her hands, covering her mouth.
Lead 1. And wigs appeared out of necessity. The French king Louis XIV was the first to put on a magnificent, face-framing wig - and hid a large bump on his bald head under it. The nobles around him followed the example of the king, and wigs became widespread.
Lead 2 In the 16th century in France, every secular person (hence, rich), according to etiquette, had to have at least 30 suits - according to the number of days in a month - and change clothes daily.
Lead 1. It is no coincidence that after the death of the English Queen Elizabeth, more than three thousand dresses remained. After the death of her namesake - the Russian Empress Elizaveta - a thousand dresses were also counted in her wardrobe, and in the treasury ... - three rubles.
Lead 2 Yes, the situation… By the way, I want to make you all happy. The most pleasant news awaits you,
Lead 1. Is the inspector coming to see us?
Lead 2 A diplomat from the capital of Fashion will soon arrive with a new collection. And, it seems, he is.

The Distracted Man appears. Gloves on his feet, a frying pan on his head, buttons not fastened properly. Looks around.

Scattered. Oh my God! It seems that I messed up something again: I got off the wrong tram and on the wrong one. Where I am? The place is unfamiliar to me.
Lead 1. Excuse me, you are not from Paris, did you bring us a new collection?
Scattered. I am a scattered person. Came from Basseinaya Street. However, it doesn't matter...
Lead 1. What to do?
Lead 2 Announce anyway. I've never seen anyone wear a dress like this one.
Lead 1. Marquis de Rassenay-Bassenay.
Scattered. Oh, am I awake? How strange!

Girls from the 1st row surround him, sketch an outfit in a notebook.

1st girl. This hat must be worth a lot.
2nd girl. It would suit me especially!
3rd girl. I'm so partial to new things!
4th girl. How I understand you!

Noticed the gloves on his feet.

1st girl. Ah, how amazing!
2nd girl. Gloves on your feet! Charm!
3rd girl. New fashion to replace the old!
4th girl. How courageous he looks!

They look at the shirt, buttoned with the wrong buttons.

1st girl. Look, one floor is lower than the other. Asymmetry is back in fashion.
2nd girl. We want that too!
3rd girl. This will cause a storm of enthusiasm!
4th girl. Great taste in Paris!
Scattered. Excuse me, but I'm not from Paris, I'm from Basseinaya Street, This is all my absent-mindedness!
1st girl. Not from Paris? No words!
2nd girl. I told you he was dressed badly!
3rd girl. What's on your feet! What's on your head!
4th girl. Frankly, what a disgrace!
Lead 1. Girls, darlings, calm down!
Lead 2 Oh, the real revolution almost happened!
Lead 1. Let's talk about fashion designers with a capital letter. They managed to shake up the fashion world and make a real revolution in it. So, who are we talking about?

Competition "Pioneers of style".
1. Immediately after the Second World War, this gentleman began to make his revolution. The new look style he created (new look) was criticized by all and sundry. His motto is "A dress should make a woman happy." His extravagance was colossal: it took 972 meters of fabric to sew one dress. Such outfits weighed from 4 to 30 kilograms. Not all of his colleagues were delighted with these creations, but all of Paris came running to show each collection.
The secret of success lay in a completely new image of a woman who was tired of the hardships of war and finally got the opportunity to be a feminine, graceful, weak lady who needs help putting on a coat and getting into a taxi. He also "forced" the woman to balance on high thin heels. The most famous perfume company is named after him.
(Christian Dior. 1905-1957 France.)
2. This lady came into fashion as the greatest designer of the 20th century. She owns the words: "All fashion goes out of fashion, style - never." Her first discovery was the "male English style", put at the service of the beautiful half of humanity. She said her weighty “no” to corsets, puffy skirts, ruffles, frills, extravagant hats and complicated hairstyles. Thanks to her, a simple black dress was born, which has become a symbol of elegance. Checkered skirts, handbags with a thin shoulder strap, jewelry - everything that is common women's things today was invented by her. She is also the author of the famous perfume under No. 5.
(Coco Chanel. 1883-1971 France.)

3. Who just did not try to find out where the trousers came from and how old they are. Archaeologists, historians, and philologists took up the cause. Many facts were available, but it was not possible to unravel the mystery to the end. The legislator of the unisex style, that is, acceptable to everyone without exception, apparently, should be considered this French queen. She was the first to put on men's trousers to ride. Such a bold costume, however, "lasted in the saddle" for a short time.
(French Queen Catherine de Medici.)

The British went even further. They discarded everything superfluous in the Versailles "silk" fashion, leaving only the useful and necessary. Moreover, they offered their riding suit as everyday men's clothing: a cloth tailcoat, white breeches, tight boots, white gloves and a black bowler hat. Unable to resist the temptation, the ladies immediately tried it on. Thus, the country of the world's first parliament equalized a woman and a man - if not in rights, then at least in clothes. Long live freedom! Equality! Trousers!
4. "Fantastic Englishman", storyteller, playwright and novelist, it turns out, was at one time an expert and even a trendsetter! One fine day, he allowed himself to appear in society with a carefully selected bouquet of flowers - with a boutonniere in his buttonhole. But no matter how shocked good old England was, since then the boutonniere has ceased to be exclusively a ladies' decoration and has successfully migrated from a women's hat to a men's suit.
The world-famous writer found time to study the history of costume, wrote articles and even gave public lectures on the ability to dress beautifully. He responded to a letter from one student with a whole article "On Women's Clothing."
From under his pen came such masterpieces as "The Invisible Man", "War of the Worlds". Can you imagine what “fantastic” beauty his models would have if he devoted himself to fashion? So this is…
(H.G. Wells.)

5. Having reached the shores of modern Argentina, the Europeans were surprised to find that the local Indians in bad weather dipped their feet into the milky sap of rubber trees. Having dried up, the juice turned into waterproof "shoes", and the puddles became red-skinned at all. Over time, the miracle juice was called "latex", and European scientists became interested in it. More than one century passed before the miracle material was put at the service of the fashion industry. This was started by a Scottish chemist who began using waterproof fabric for sewing outerwear.
A raincoat, as well as a light coat made of such fabric, has since been called by the name of a scientist.
(Charles Mackintosh. 1766-1843 Scotland.)
6. It's been about 150 years since Levi Strauss created his famous denim work pants - jeans. At that time, he could not have imagined that his simple creation would become an inexhaustible source of inspiration for many top designers.
One of them even "received" the title of "denim king", creating a denim collection in 1978 and proving that denim (the material from which jeans are sewn) can compete with any other fabric. The success of the collection was amazing, denim pants experienced a rebirth, and one of the most famous denim labels was, of course, the brand ...
(Calvin Klein)

At the end of this competition, any musical number is performed.

Lead 1. Things, like people, have their own life: long or short. Gone are bast shoes and chuni, coats and caftans, stoves and irons on coals. But no, no, and the old will emerge in the new. In the next, rather difficult competition, we hid the word. And you, according to various descriptions, must guess this secret word from the lexicon of the past from the slang of the modern language. Remember the lines of A.S. Pushkin: "Putting on a wide bolivar, Onegin goes to the boulevard." Bolivar is just a fancy hat. But before that there was a fighter for the liberation of the peoples of Latin America, the brave General Bolivar, after whom this hat is named.

Competition "Either-or".
1. A narrow frill, which is used to trim dresses, blouses, petticoats.
Or An item needed in the game of badminton. (Shuttlecock)
1. A headdress that is a compromise between a top hat and a fedora.
Or An indispensable thing on a hike, they cook food on a fire in it. (Bowler)
3. Type of tie. Or an insect with beautiful wings. (Butterfly)
4. Shortened and lightweight rifle. Or Special design clasp on overalls, backpacks, etc. (Carabiner)
5. Soft, very elastic leather, made mainly from the skins of sheep and goats. It is used for the manufacture of haberdashery products, such as gloves, shoe uppers. Or Breed of hunting dogs of the northern local breed. (Laika)
6. Decoration in the form of feathers or horse hair on headdresses (usually military) or on the heads of horses in solemn ceremonies. Or the title of supreme ruler in Muslim countries. (Sultan)
7. Men's headdress - a folding cylinder that had a special mechanism inside that allowed the hat to be folded in the longitudinal direction: this was necessary, because the etiquette of the late 30s of the XIX century did not allow men to enter the living room without a hat in hand. Indoors, it was worn folded under the arm. Or the Little Harmful Old Woman from the cartoon about Crocodile Gena and Cheburashka. (Shapoklyak)
8. Women's jewelry, typical of rococo fashion. They had various shapes: circles, quadrangles, card suit, flowers, birds, insects, etc. These small fashionable decorations appear just in the era of the most voluminous toilets. They "sit" not only on the forehead, but also on the neck, shoulders and other parts of the body. Or two-winged flying insects, extremely unpleasant for their importunity. (Mushki)
Lead 2 Every girl wants to be the one and only, and clothing plays a significant role in this. How sad it is sometimes when, having bought a new dress, skirt or sweater in which you are so irresistible, you find that exactly half of the girls from your class have purchased exactly the same things, and here you are again among the crowd. What to do?
With the help of accessories: jewelry, scarves, handbags, belts and other little things, without which the life of modern girls is simply unbearable, turn these two completely identical blouses into something completely unrecognizable. In the meantime, the girls are working in the design bureau, we will try to put our knowledge into practice and give some advice to those who need it.

Competition "Clothes".
1. A tall, slender girl chose a large plaid suit. Does this girl have good taste? (Yes)
2. A short girl chose a dress made of fabric with a large bright pattern. Do you agree with her choice? (Girls of small stature should not wear clothes made of fabric with a large pattern. Preference should be given to fabrics with a vertical pattern that visually lengthens the height.)
3. A fat girl was advised to buy a dress with a round collar. Is this good advice or not? (The collar repeats the outlines of her pretty round face and, alas, only emphasizes the fullness. Here there is an illusion of repeating the same objects. Such a collar will suit girls with an oblong face.)
4. A tall young man is faced with a choice: whether he should buy a double-breasted jacket, fastened with one button, or a double-breasted jacket, fastened with two buttons. What is better to choose? (If a young man puts on a double-breasted jacket fastened with one button, then it may seem clumsy, excessively thin. The second option is much more suitable - such a jacket will visually expand the chest and, as it were, balance the proportions of the figure. The more buttons, the better the suit looks on a high a person, and the worse on a low one.)
This competition is over, let's see what happened to the girls from the design bureau.

Sounds like a song from the movie "Straw Hat".

Lead 1. A hat is the finishing touch in any woman's wardrobe. You can talk about hats endlessly.
Everyone is old, and even more so - young,
Keep your golden hats!
Keep to the end - and that's the point.
When thunder rumbles overhead
Even a handful of straw can
Play a decisive role in fate.

1. Where did the expression “the cap is on fire on the thief” come from?
According to legend, one man persuaded fellow villagers for a long time to confess who had robbed his hut. Then a man passing by decided to help the unfortunate man and said loudly: “The thief doesn’t know, but now his hat is on fire!” The real thief involuntarily grabbed his hat and gave himself away.
2. What does the expression “came to a hat analysis” mean?
In Rus', during fisticuffs, hats flew off the fighting heads. And after the battle, everyone began to look for his hat - the hat analysis began. Since then, they say that the one who came to the hat analysis was late.
Lead 2 A hat is an item that was intended for only men. It was they who first began to flaunt in hats. But soon women realized that this item deserves to be in the women's wardrobe. The hat kept the female head warm and gave the female appearance mystery and mystery. Of course, you remember the description of the stranger in the famous poem by A. Blok:
And breathe ancient beliefs
Her elastic silks.
And a hat with mourning feathers,
And in the rings a narrow hand.
A hat has served a person for centuries and, like any household item, is able to tell about the mores and customs of its time. So, dear participants, according to the description of the hat, you must choose the picture in which it is depicted.

Competition "Picture Gallery".
1. On this hat there could be a detail that can not only protect the lady's face from frost, but also somewhat spoil the eyesight of its owner.
(Veil. I. Kramskoy. "Unknown".)
2. Small hats on these French girls seem to be fashionable even now.
(O. Renoir. "Girls in Black".)
3. Men's headdress, looking at which, I want to say: "You are heavy, Monomakh's hat!"
(V. Vasnetsov. "Ivan the Terrible".)
4. This hat belongs to a woman wearing a costume called "Amazon".
(K. Bryulov. "Horsewoman".)
5. We are accustomed to the fact that a cap is a baby's hat, but even in the last century secular ladies wore skillfully sewn caps.
(O. Kiprensky. “Portrait of E. Avdulshoy.”)
6. Combat headdress of Russian soldiers, in the likeness of which Budyonnovka was sewn during the Civil War.
(Helmet. V. Vasnetsov "Bogatyrs".)

A musical number is being played.

Lead 1. Their beauty is in amazing unpredictability and impeccable grace. They are the most slender and long-legged. The whole world applauds them. Their profession is fashion model.
Lead 2 It all started in 1391, when the French Queen Antoinette, who dictated tastes at her court, sent two dolls to her daughter Isabella of England - Large and Small Pandora - to London. Large Pandora was equipped with a wardrobe with evening dresses, Small - everyday, or, as they were then called, dinner. These dolls were the first fashion models. With the light hand of Antoinette, France until the 18th century sent its dolls to wander the world. Along with their wardrobe, French fashion also spread. And in 1785 the first Fashion Magazine was published.

Music sounds. With the gait of a fashion model, Ellochka the Cannibal enters.

Lead 1. Is it really Ellochka Schukina from the novel “12 chairs” by I. Ilf and E. Petrov?
Lead 2 Be quiet. (Turns to Ella.) Hello Ella!
Ellochka. Ho-ho!
Lead 2 What a pleasant surprise!
Ellochka. Horror!
Lead 2 I see beautiful fur!
Ellochka. Joke! It's a Mexican jerboa!
Lead 2 It can't be! You have been deceived. This is a Shanghai leopard. Well, yes! Leopards! I know them by shade.
Lead 1. And in my opinion, this is a Russian hare, killed in the Tula province, and painted with watercolors.
Ellochka. Be rude!
Lead 1. Have mercy! To be rude to such a charming girl? Have you been to the auction?

Ellochka.
Oh! I'm tired, I'm tired
I ran all the boutiques
Passage and gallery of the Central Department Store.
Was at the opening day of GUM.
In the elite salon I bought a wig,
Got some boots from Le Monti.
And a fur coat in the "Queen of the Snow",
(looks askance but Lead 1)
And the fur is amazingly soft.
Lead 2 Such expenses. I just can't believe it! Ellochka. Let Ernestulya Schukin fork out!
Bought another bracelet and earrings,
Pearl bows on boots
I'm sure I'll just shine
Arrogant billionaire.
Vanderbildyche can't resist!

Leaves.

Lead 1. Just darkness!
Lead 2 Horror!
Lead 1. Yes, excessive passion for fashion causes a slight pity and sympathy.
Lead 2 You can dress from the "market" and look great. And you can put on a wardrobe from an expensive boutique and dissolve in a crowd of other beauties. Clothes are not the point.
Lead 1. Maybe it's true. Pretty girls are all right. And what about being ugly?
Lead 2“There are no perfect people in the world,” say people wise with life experience. We reluctantly agree, but still we continue to hope that someday we will become the very best ... For example, like Nicole Kidman or Christina Aguilera ... They always look amazing, and it is clear that these young ladies are 100% sure of their irresistibility. They seem to us like some unearthly creatures who have neither worries nor troubles. And all thanks to their brilliant appearance.
But in fact, these beauties were once simple girls who were ashamed of their, as it seemed to them then, shortcomings. And some are still suffering.
Lead 1. Can't be!
Lead 2 How else can! For example, Claudia Schiffer, a model who, thanks to her appearance, has earned more than one million dollars, is very shy of her large feet, although they are fully consistent with her height. During the filming, the top model persistently demands that the imperfect, from her point of view, part of the body does not fall into the Ekadr.
And for Liv Tyler, school years were generally a nightmare, and all because she was considered the ugliest girl in the class and was teased with “liver sausage”. “I was a real ugly as a child: chubby, with huge arms and legs, 2 times larger than all the girls in school. In addition, she wore metal plates on her teeth ... ”the actress recalls. “I felt terrible, tried to lose weight and gradually completely refused to eat.” It all ended with a visit to a psychologist who helped Liv cope with an inferiority complex. And there are many such examples.
Lead 1. Now the laws of beauty are not so important. Even modeling agencies are no longer chasing the notorious "90-60-90". The main thing is that the model has its own “zest”, individuality. If a girl is cheerful, self-confident and friendly, she will seem beautiful, even if she does not fit the generally accepted standards. She creates her own standard and will become the standard.
Well, now the most interesting:
High Fashion Hour
We carry out for you -
The new collection will be shown.

Thinking up and making a model is only half the battle. It is very important to comment on it in an unusual way, emphasizing the numerous functional advantages of the demonstrated sample. This comment should connect typical fashion show clichés (for example, such as "muted colors", "smooth forms", "flirty detail", "avant-garde thing", etc.) and ironic humorous style.
Model 1. Highly recommended for secondary school teachers for everyday wear as it ensures the teacher's survival in the extreme conditions of the school environment. The original mask is decorated with a modest optical night vision device (glasses). It allows the teacher to see the knowledge deeply sunk in the brain of students. Pay attention to the detail necessary for instilling conscious discipline (club).
An important detail of the teacher's suit is a bulletproof vest - a reliable protection against excessive attention of students. The bag with medicines is multifunctional.
Its contents may be unexpectedly required by both teachers and students driven to despair. Another important detail is field glasses - an item that allows the teacher to see cheat sheets that are invisible to the naked eye. And the composition is completed by an elegant headdress - a helmet: you never know what will fall on your head.
Model 2. Backpack dress. Vanguard stuff. Comfortable on the go, at work, at home. A large number of pockets and pockets, bags and bags allows you to accommodate everything you need. The hands remain free. This creates additional convenience. In your free hand, you can take the hand of a younger brother or sister and take him (her) to kindergarten. The model is complemented by a balloon, which creates a feeling of lightness and airiness.
Lead 2
With new ideas - into the new century!
A person cannot stand still.
The soul is tired of living without imagination.
Hurry to see, hurry to see:
Dresses from new material.

Clothes made of different materials are demonstrated, for example: "Mirror Lady" - a dress made of foil.

"Shaman" - a suit of feathers. "Icicle" - from plastic bottles. "Queen of Spades" - from playing cards. "Carmen" - from black garbage bags. Instead of a long description of the costume, poetic improvisations are possible.
1. Here is "Shaman". You all tremble Tremble! He heals sickness. Everything in the world knows grass.
2. "Mirror Lady" is so cute! She is made of wrappers and foil.
And how mobile, energetic And, of course, pretty!
3. "Dream Fairy" - made of polyethylene.
"Fairy of Dreams" is fragile, tender, But a dream comes true. Beauty and grace - Not a dress, but a sensation!
4. "Sweetie" - from candy wrappers.
Sweet candy - for everyone to eat. A suit of candy wrappers - just a feast for the eyes. Everyone loves sweets, everyone loves them. The sweetest costume - Everyone recognizes it!
5. "Queen of Spades".
Look - Queen of Spades! You will lose instantly. This is a black villain, you can predict the fate!
6. "Miss Disco".
The discs are spinning - everyone is dancing around, Everyone is gathering in a circle. Dear spectator, look: Models are better not to be found.
7. "Rainbow" - made of multi-colored ribbons.
From ribbons and ribbons rainbow-arc. It seemed that a fragile bridge descended into the meadows. What a colorful, what an unusual Model is non-standard and very pretty.
8. "Ice" - from paper cups.
Paper cups - Also material.

What a beautiful model! Who would argue.
Leading. Girls and fashion - an eternal theme, eternal and beautiful!
At this meeting of the club can be considered closed, and you can also offer the following test to those present.

Me + style = friendship!
Stylish girl or fashion victim? Answer the quiz questions and find out who you really are.
1. What does the term “fashion thing” mean to you?
a) This is a little thing bought in an expensive store.
b) This is the thing that you personally like, and it does not matter where it was purchased.
c) A fashionable thing is something from which real friends come to complete delight and enemies turn green with envy.
2. Could you immediately name at least a few names of fashion designers?
a) It will not be difficult for me.
b) If you strain and remember, then I can probably name 8 or 9 names.
c) Well, maybe I'll remember one or two. Another question, why do I need it?
3. What statement is closest to your spirit?
a) Fashion occupies one of the important places in my life.
To be honest, I don't understand why some people ignore it.
b) I am calm about fashion, and I follow it only because I don’t seem out of date.
c) I don't care much about fashion. There are far more important things in my life.
4. What cosmetics do you use?
a) Only the most expensive.
b) Inexpensive, but high quality.
c) the cheapest.
5. You bought your last blouse because ...
a) It has just come into fashion.
b) She suits you very well.
c) None of your girlfriends have this, and, in general, it is unlikely to be.
6. You are in a hurry for a date, but before leaving the house, a button comes off your jacket, as luck would have it. You…
a) Take a needle and thread and solve the problem.
b) You run out of the house as is, hoping that the gentleman will not notice anything.
c) Wear something else.
7. When choosing clothes, you are guided by:
a) The opinion of girlfriends who certainly know what suits you.
b) Fashion magazine recommendations.
c) Your own taste.
8. You can buy a bright orange skirt if:
a) This color is in fashion.
b) This color suits you.
c) There is no other than orange.
9. Going to the store, you will wear:
a) Whatever comes to hand first.
b) Your favorite jeans.
c) Some fashionable little thing, because you never know who you can meet along the way.
10. How would you react if someone was not very flattering about your wardrobe?
a) I’ll be offended: someone else, but I know a lot about clothes.
b) I will try not to worry about this: I like the things that I wear.
c) I don't understand what you are talking about; I am not particularly different in this regard from others.

So, let's count the points and see what happens. A - 5 points; B - 3 points; B - 0 points.
0-15 points
Fashion as such is of little interest to you. Maybe it's not bad that you think that clothes are not the most important thing that a person can boast of, but do not forget that they are greeted by clothes.
16-42 points
Let you not strive to look fashionable, but still try to dress in such a way that at least something is different. This is a good quality that, within reasonable limits, will not harm anyone. In addition, you are unlikely to ever begin to recklessly spend fabulous money on some fashionable trinket. Well done!
42-50 points
You are an incorrigible fashionista. It seems that all your thoughts are reduced to:
a) to how to wipe the nose of girlfriends;
b) how to make all the boys in the district fall in love with you. There is nothing reprehensible in this, but remember that appearance is not the main thing.