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Cystitis in early pregnancy: treatment, prevention, possible dangers. Cystitis during pregnancy: prevention and treatment

Cystitis during pregnancy occurs in many women. This is due to several reasons: structural features of the female urinary system, hormonal and physiological changes in the body and reduced immunity.

What cystitis can be during pregnancy

During pregnancy, a woman can get the following types of cystitis:

spicy;
chronic;
hemorrhagic;
postcoital.
allergic;
chemical.

The acute form during pregnancy is characterized by sharp pains in the lower abdomen, difficulty urinating and discharge with blood.

The disease occurs suddenly and ends quickly.

Chronic cystitis does not appear immediately. If a woman is constantly worried about a disease that she has not fully cured, then it can become chronic. This species does not occur during pregnancy, but is the result of an undertreated acute form.

Cystitis during early and late pregnancy

The next type of cystitis begins due to inflammation in the mucous membrane of the bladder. With this type of disease, the tissues are deeply affected. During urination, blood appears, as the vessels are damaged. This pathology can lead to great complications during pregnancy.

Postcoital cystitis occurs in a woman due to an inflammatory reaction after intimacy.

Allergic cystitis is not as common as other types, but during pregnancy it can occur due to food or personal care intolerances. This is due to hormonal changes.

The chemical appearance appears if toxic substances enter the bladder. This happens due to improper treatment.

In the early stages

In most cases, cystitis appears at the beginning of pregnancy, because in the first trimester a complete restructuring of the body begins.

In the first week, a woman may still be unaware of pregnancy, but her immunity weakens, and illness occurs.

At week 5, urination becomes more frequent, the infection penetrates the urethra, so cystitis is not uncommon at this time. Sometimes women can feel the symptoms of the disease at the 8th week, when the uterus begins to gradually increase and put pressure on the bladder. The same signs appear at 9 weeks or later.

At a later date

In the second trimester of pregnancy, cystitis occurs less frequently, but it can also be severe and with consequences. At 28 weeks and later, the fetus begins to strongly compress the pelvic organs, the outflow of urine becomes difficult. This leads to stagnation in the bladder and the spread of infection. Inflammation occurs, the woman feels regular urge to go to the toilet. Frequent urination is normal in any period of pregnancy, but with cystitis in the late period, severe pain and discomfort are felt.

At the 38th week of pregnancy, the disease is highly undesirable, since it will worsen the condition of the woman before childbirth and lead to undesirable consequences.

If cystitis appeared at a later date, then it is easier to cure it than at the beginning of pregnancy. At this time, most medicines can already be taken, since they will not harm the child. However, you need to have time to do everything necessary before childbirth. After the birth of a child during lactation, it will also be difficult to find the right treatment.

Causes

Cystitis in pregnant women can be of a different nature. Most often, bacteria penetrate the urethra and cause an exacerbation of the disease. The onset of the disease is affected by intestinal dysbacteriosis and poor vaginal microflora.

Non-infectious origin is often caused by various allergens. For example, the use of shower gels, creams, deodorants during pregnancy can adversely affect the body and lead to cystitis.

In addition, food products are also strong allergens, due to which diseases of the genitourinary system begin. Nuts, legumes, cabbage should be eaten with caution.

Exacerbation of cystitis during pregnancy can provoke hypothermia or severe fatigue. The cause of the disease is the constant overcrowding of the bladder. In addition, the appearance of the disease is promoted by wearing tight underwear and poor hygiene of the genitals.

Symptoms of cystitis in pregnant women

During pregnancy, the disease develops abruptly, so all the symptoms are present at the same time.

Due to the fact that the mucous membrane swells and the walls of the capillaries are destroyed, the chemical properties of urine change.

Painful sensations with inflammation of the bladder are localized in the lower abdomen. Typical symptoms are present from several hours to 1-2 days.

In a pregnant woman, cystitis is accompanied by the following symptoms:

the stomach hurts in the lower part and the pubic area;
discomfort increases during urination;
urges become frequent;
the amount of urine decreases with each trip to the toilet;
after emptying, there is a feeling of an unemptied bladder;
burning and cutting during urination;
urine becomes cloudy with a pinkish tint, sometimes purulent discharge is present;
fever, weakness, malaise, loss of appetite may be observed.

During pregnancy, an exacerbation of the disease occurs, when cystitis is manifested by severe symptoms. Sometimes the intensity of the disease can be reduced, the signs are smoothed out, and the temperature rise is not observed.

Diagnostics

In the first days of the disease, the diagnosis consists in referring a pregnant woman to a urologist. He finds out the nature of the complaint, the intensity and localization of painful sensations, the color of urine, its quantity, and the patient's well-being. Then an examination is carried out, where the doctor determines the localization of pain and the condition of the genital organs.

After that, a referral for laboratory research is given. It is necessary to pass a clinical blood test, which will indicate inflammatory processes. A general urine test will help to get an idea of its concentration and chemical composition.

It is possible to more reliably determine the presence of bacteria using a microscopic examination of urine.

Diagnosis using various instruments and devices for pregnant women is not carried out, since there is a possibility of injury to organs. Such examinations can adversely affect the intrauterine development of the child. During pregnancy, it is allowed to conduct an ultrasound scan, which will indicate inflammation of the bladder walls and other signs of the disease.

Treatment of cystitis during pregnancy

Medicines for the treatment of cystitis should be selected by a doctor. Most drugs should not be taken during the first trimester of pregnancy. Treatment should be carried out with gentle antibiotics, which are allowed for expectant mothers.

After traditional therapy, you can try safe folk remedies, but keep in mind that it is impossible to fight cystitis with herbs alone. Many treatments are not recommended. For example, warm baths can cause miscarriage or premature birth, so any water procedures are strictly prohibited.

What is dangerous

Cystitis during pregnancy adversely affects the condition of a woman in any trimester. Pain, discomfort, fever create an additional burden on all body systems.

Drug therapy can also complicate the course of pregnancy.

Complications

If cystitis is not treated on time, it can cause serious complications. Often, the infection affects the kidneys, so there is a risk of pyelonephritis. The inflammatory process in this disease, which is accompanied by high fever and severe pain, can lead to prematurity, and in severe cases to various anomalies or even death of the fetus.

Experts have found that a bacterial infection causes the birth of a child with cerebral palsy.

At the beginning of pregnancy, neglected cystitis can lead to miscarriage, and in later pregnancy, to premature birth.

In addition, during birth, there is a risk that exposure to pathogens will lead to intoxication of the baby.

At the first sign of illness, you should consult a doctor. If you correctly diagnose and immediately begin treatment, following all the recommendations of a specialist, you can avoid danger.

Prevention

It is important to find out the cause of the disease in time and start treatment. It is not recommended to become pregnant until complete recovery, since cystitis during the gestation period is difficult to treat.

To avoid inflammation of the bladder during childbearing due to reduced immunity, a woman must take measures to improve her health. It is recommended to spend more time outdoors, doing exercises or yoga for pregnant women.

At the first urge, the bladder should be emptied. The expectant mother cannot be tolerated for a long time, as this can lead to cystitis. Constipation can also provoke a disease, so you need to monitor nutrition and prevent their occurrence. Drink plenty of fluids and eat plant foods.

Useful drinks for the prevention of the disease are cranberry or lingonberry fruit drinks. They create an acidic environment that is detrimental to various bacteria, preventing further development of the infection.

In addition, you should not wear tight and poor-quality clothing that interferes with natural blood circulation in the pelvic area. In no case should hypothermia be allowed. Throughout pregnancy, you need to take good care of your health, dress warmer and not catch a cold.

Cystitis with frozen and ectopic pregnancy

Untreated cystitis can lead to missed or ectopic pregnancy. At the same time, there are no differences from the disease that occurs during healthy gestation.

Frozen pregnancy often occurs after hypothermia, which leads to diseases of the urinary system.

The inflammatory process passes to the uterus, which negatively affects the fetus and can lead to its death.

Sometimes the cause of an ectopic pregnancy is a long-standing cystitis, which periodically worsens over several years. Therefore, it is important to be prepared in advance for bearing a child in order to avoid various pathologies. Any infection of the genitourinary system negatively affects the body of a woman during pregnancy.

is an unpleasant disease that can occur in every person. Women are especially susceptible to the disease during pregnancy. What to do if cystitis appeared during pregnancy and how to protect yourself will tell the article below.

Causes of cystitis during pregnancy

The main cause of cystitis during early pregnancy is in a woman. Such a reaction of the body to an “interesting” position is normal and there is nothing surprising in this. The disease can be of two types:

infectious
non-infectious

Both factors have their own characteristics, as well as their own method of treatment. Before starting the fight against the disease, the doctor must definitely determine the nature of the disease, its neglect and the possible reaction of the female body to one or another method of treatment.

Non-infectious cystitis is not very dangerous. His reasons are quite banal. It could be:

hypothermia
use of drugs for a long time
nervous exhaustion
vaginal dysbiosis, etc.

Infectious cystitis has a completely different character and other causes. Most often, the main causative agents of the disease are conditionally pathogenic organisms (E. coli, streptococci, etc.). Often the causes of cystitis are dangerous and unpleasant venereal pathogens:

mycoplasma
trichomonas
ureoplasms

If you have cystitis in early pregnancy, its treatment will not be very simple. But if you find a specialist who will prescribe the right method of treatment, then the difficulties and negative consequences will disappear by themselves.

Signs of cystitis

Cystitis is most often manifested due to hypothermia or the influence of another pathogen. Main symptoms:

painful urination
lower back pain

Consequences of cystitis

If cystitis is not treated in time, it can cause unpleasant and negative consequences, both for the expectant mother and for the child. The infection can get to, and this will lead to inflammation of the kidney tissues. This disease carries an increase in temperature and pain in the lumbar region.

Other consequences may be:

premature birth
underweight newborn

Therefore, if you want to bear a normal, strong and healthy child, you need to constantly take care of your health.

Treatment of cystitis during pregnancy

If you notice the signs and symptoms of cystitis in time, then the treatment will cause very little, but still it will not be easy. The difficulty is due to the fact that not all medicines are allowed for women. Some drugs should not be taken at all. Therefore, treatment should take place under the strict supervision of a physician. Self-employment can lead to negative consequences.

The first rule during treatment is to drink plenty of fluids. Water, tea - all this is allowed and necessary for the body to fight the disease.

How to protect yourself from cystitis?

Every girl is obliged to take care and protect her health. This is especially true of female specifics, because we are all future mothers who want to give birth to a healthy and strong baby. One of the tasks is to protect yourself from the unpleasant disease of cystitis.

Particular attention should be paid if you plan to conceive a child in the near future. You should follow simple and easy rules.

First of all, you need to monitor the state of your body. If you notice any, immediately run to your gynecologist and find out what's wrong. Secondly, in no case should you endure if you want to "small". The bladder should be emptied immediately to reduce the risk of cystitis. Next, you need to completely eliminate the possibility of hypothermia. This is one of the main causes of cystitis, so you do not need to stay in a cold room or on the street for a long time, and it is also strictly forbidden to sit in a cold one. If there are no contraindications from the doctor, it is necessary to consume the norm of liquid per day. This will help not only cleanse the body of various toxins, but also prevent cystitis.

During pregnancy, in order to prevent the occurrence of cystitis, it is necessary to engage in physical education. But this is only if there are no contraindications from the doctor. you can not do everything, but only special ones for pregnant women.

In conclusion, I would like to say that if you have cystitis in early pregnancy, you should not immediately sound the alarm. It is absolutely contraindicated for you to be nervous during such a period. You need to be patient and confident that everything will be fine. Find a good specialist and start treatment immediately. The sooner you start therapy, the sooner you will get rid of this unpleasant disease.

Sep 13, 2016 Violetta Doctor

Cystitis is a disease that often overshadows one of the most pleasant periods in a woman's life - pregnancy. According to statistics, every tenth pregnant woman has experienced this disease. Medicine explains such a prevalence of this pathology among expectant mothers by the structural features of the female body and the hormonal and physiological changes occurring in it during pregnancy. So what is cystitis and how can a pregnant woman cope with this disease without harm to herself and her baby?

What is cystitis during pregnancy?

Cystitis is inflammation of the bladder wall. This is the most common urological disease of infectious and non-infectious origin.

Infectious cystitis can be provoked by opportunistic microflora: staphylococci, streptococci, E. coli, etc., as well as pathogens such as chlamydia, ureaplasma, Trichomonas vaginalis, etc.

Lead to non-infectious cystitis: hypothermia, overwork, weakened immunity, intestinal dysbacteriosis and vaginal dysbiosis, irritation of the bladder mucosa with chemicals released through its wall (for example, with uncontrolled medication), damage to the mucosa during medical manipulations, etc.

Cystitis in early pregnancy

Cystitis in early pregnancy can even be called a pattern. It is not uncommon for a woman to find out about pregnancy by accident, turning to a doctor because of an aggravated cystitis. Therefore, experts attribute this disease to conditional signs of pregnancy in the early stages. Why is this happening?

In pregnant women, cystitis often occurs due to hormonal changes and immunosuppression (the natural suppression of the pregnant woman's immunity, which is necessary to prevent immunological rejection of the embryo). Weakened immune protection allows infections to actively multiply, which in turn, getting into the bladder, cause inflammation.

In addition, from the first days of pregnancy, long-standing sores and ailments begin to activate. Therefore, if you have a history of chronic cystitis, then there is a fairly high probability of its recurrence already in the early stages of pregnancy.

Signs of cystitis during pregnancy

There are two forms of cystitis: acute and chronic. Symptoms of acute cystitis include:

frequent painful urination;
pain in the lower abdomen (from pulling pain in the lower abdomen and slight soreness at the end of the act of urination to sharp debilitating pain and the inability to hold urine);
excretion of blood in the urine;
increase in body temperature.

With an exacerbation of chronic cystitis, the symptoms may be less pronounced and depend on the causes of the disease.

Often the symptoms of cystitis are similar to some other diseases, so at the first manifestations of the disease, you need to contact your doctor to make the correct diagnosis.

How is cystitis diagnosed and treated during pregnancy?

Since there are several causes of cystitis, the doctor will prescribe the following tests for you to make an accurate diagnosis and select the correct treatment.

After the diagnosis is confirmed and the causes of cystitis are established, the gynecologist together with the urologist (the urologist must necessarily take part in the diagnosis and treatment, since this specialist deals with cystitis) prescribes the treatment.

The treatment of pregnant women is complicated by the fact that commonly used drugs cannot be used during pregnancy. However, modern medicine has the ability to help you cope with this disease and bear a healthy baby.

To date, there are antibiotics and preparations based on herbal ingredients that do not harm the health of the mother and child. Also one of the methods of treatment is the instillation of the bladder. This procedure allows drugs to be injected directly into the bladder. In the course of treatment, several such procedures are carried out, which, in turn, eliminate the symptoms of cystitis, restore the bladder wall and prevent possible relapses during pregnancy. Often this is enough to eliminate the symptoms of the disease and subsequent (after childbirth) full treatment.

It must be remembered that the body of each woman is unique and treatment should be individualized. This rule is especially true for pregnant women. In no case should you self-medicate and trust folk remedies, since during this period some drugs (tetracycline antibiotics and sulfonamides), herbs and procedures can be dangerous, and the consequences are irreparable. Therefore, the advice of a girlfriend, mother, grandmother and other “experienced doctors” in your case should be “postponed for later”. Trust your doctor, and if there is any doubt about his competence, then contact another specialist.

Why is cystitis dangerous during pregnancy?

The most important thing in the process of your recovery is a timely visit to the doctor. Ignoring the disease and self-medicating can lead to serious complications: the occurrence (infection of the kidneys), premature obstructed labor or the birth of a child with a low birth weight.

Prevention

In order to avoid this unpleasant disease during pregnancy, you need to follow a few simple rules:

control your well-being and immediately consult a doctor at the first deviations,
empty your bladder regularly
avoid hypothermia,
drink enough liquid (if there are no contraindications from the doctor),
engage in physical education (if there are no contraindications from a doctor).

And most importantly, do not be discouraged: a positive attitude can become a very effective weapon in the fight against any ailment.

Especially for- Ksenia Dakhno

Most pregnant women are familiar with the urge to urinate frequently and painfully. Cystitis should not be ignored, hoping that it will pass on its own. In order to recognize the disease in time, it is worth not only visiting the doctor regularly, but also knowing more information about the symptoms, treatment methods and mandatory prevention yourself.

What to do with cystitis

Cystitis during pregnancy is a common phenomenon. This is due to a change in the location of the growing uterus, which involuntarily presses on the urinary tract. A decrease in immunity during the period of bearing a baby, an altered composition of the vaginal microflora contribute to the occurrence or exacerbation of the chronic form of cystitis. What to do at the first manifestations of pain in the bladder area and frequent visits to the toilet?

Be sure to get an appointment with a specialized doctor as soon as possible. Only conducted laboratory tests and a detailed survey can help formulate the correct diagnosis of inflammation of the bladder membrane. Self-treatment of cystitis can always have unforeseen consequences, and being in an “interesting position”, all months a woman is responsible not only for her life and health, but also for her child.

In a period when treatment has not yet been prescribed, and acute pain is haunting, you need to remember those measures that will prevent the growth of bacteria, as this is fraught with infection of the kidneys, worsening the general condition of the woman and child. Here are some general recommendations for pregnancy:

legs and stomach should be warm;
repetition of personal hygiene in the shower - several times a day;
exclude synthetic underwear;
with the urge to urinate - do not endure, even if they are false;
exclude strongly spicy, fried, salty dishes from the menu;
drink more water or acidified fruit drinks.

How to treat cystitis during pregnancy

Treatment for cystitis prescribed by a doctor will depend on which form of the disease is detected. When infected, antibiotics are prescribed to destroy microbes as a source of the disease. These drugs should be taken very seriously, with great responsibility, so as not to harm the unborn baby. For the uninfected form during pregnancy, the doctor prescribes pain medications and those that will relax the muscles of the urinary tract and bladder, reducing the frequency of going to the toilet.

Folk remedies for cystitis in women

The use of folk remedies for the effective treatment of cystitis during pregnancy is permissible only after consultation with your doctor. It is difficult to completely get rid of the disease with herbs, but you can alleviate the condition. Recommend infusions and decoctions after taking a course of medications, as a consolidation of the therapeutic effect. They are used in combination with drugs. Plants and herbs used for decoctions for cystitis in women are available at any pharmacy. Here are some recipes for herbal drinks that will help overcome cystitis during pregnancy at home:

Dried dill seeds in the amount of two large pinches pour 300-350 ml of boiling water. Strain after half an hour. Drink with cystitis before each meal for 15-25 minutes, 70-80 ml several times a day.
Rose hips or its dried root 2.5-3 large spoons pour a glass of boiling water. Heat in a water bath until boiling again, leave for about an hour. Drink ½ cup before meals.
Blackcurrant leaves (9 tablespoons) pour one and a half liters of boiling water. Cover with a lid and let it brew well until it cools completely. Use several times a day, adding a little honey if desired.
Pour about 10 grams of birch leaves with hot water (500 ml) and boil for 1-2 minutes. After settling with cystitis, drink 40-50 ml with meals.
Cooked fruit drinks based on cranberries or lingonberries will help not only alleviate the condition with cystitis, but also replenish the body's vitamin supply.

Medicines for cystitis

Having the results of laboratory tests, taking into account the condition of the woman, the duration and course of pregnancy, the doctor prescribes treatment with medications. The choice of drugs that will stop cystitis in pregnant women is very limited. However, they must be local action. The doctor must take into account in which trimester the pregnancy takes place, so as not to disrupt the development of the fetus, but at the same time, alleviate the suffering of the expectant mother, which is inevitable when cystitis occurs.

Candles from cystitis

A highly effective remedy for the treatment of cystitis during the current pregnancy are suppositories, which, like any drugs in this group, are divided into antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial. The most commonly prescribed suppositories for pregnant women from cystitis:

Hexicon is an antiseptic that is effective at the initial stage of the disease.
Betadine is an antiseptic, a broad-spectrum antibacterial drug.
Polygynax is highly effective, quickly relieves inflammation, but can only be used in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Pills

Treatment with tablets for inflammation of the bladder during pregnancy is convenient. You can calculate the exact dosage, adjust the time and place of admission. Tablets should be taken in the course prescribed by the attending physician. Interruption or complete cessation of taking pills at one's own discretion threatens with relapse and the transition of cystitis to a chronic form. Commonly used tablets for pregnant women with cystitis:

Kanefron. Safe during pregnancy, an antimicrobial drug that has a good diuretic effect, relieving spasms of the walls of the bladder. Has a plant base.
Cyston. Anti-inflammatory effect, vegetable basis.
Furagin. Furadonin. Tablets of the old generation, with time-tested effectiveness. They belong to uroseptics that destroy the microbial cell, while delaying the growth of the number of harmful microorganisms.
5-NOC (Nitroxoline). It is highly absorbable from the digestive system, entering the kidneys and bladder unchanged, which increases its medicinal properties.

antibiotics for cystitis

Having an acute form of the development of the disease during a woman's pregnancy, the doctor decides that an antibiotic for cystitis is necessary during treatment. You need to take these medicines strictly according to the schedule, deviation from which can cause addictive viruses and microorganisms. This leads to the fact that the sensitivity to the antibiotic disappears and makes it incapacitated. The doctor, after examining the patient, must determine which antibiotics are possible during pregnancy in a particular case. The following drugs are often prescribed:

Nolicin. A big plus is that the accumulation of the broad-spectrum drug is in the urine, and not in the blood or muscle tissue.
Monural. Rapid effect, reduction of pain symptoms in the next 2.5 - 3 hours after the first dose.
Palin. Available in the form of tablets, suppositories, capsules. It has a powerful bactericidal effect.
Amoxiclav. An antibacterial drug approved for use not only during pregnancy, but also during breastfeeding.

cystitis and pregnancy

During pregnancy, a responsible woman must closely monitor her health, which is directly related to the future well-being of the child. Not following the doctor's recommendations for cystitis, you can provoke the transition of the disease to the chronic stage. During childbirth, it is possible for the baby to become infected with bacteria and microorganisms that cause infection. For the woman herself, a frivolous attitude to treatment is fraught with infection through the ureters from the bladder to the kidneys, which can provoke their failure.

In order not to expose the health of her and her unborn child, a woman should pay more attention to preventive measures than to subsequently treat cystitis. It is possible to reduce the risk of onset of the disease to zero, subject to the following measures:

avoid hypothermia;
limited use of spicy-salty foods;
at an early stage of pregnancy, undergo a preventive examination to identify foci of infection of the nasopharynx and oral cavity;
wear comfortable underwear made from natural fabrics;
do not accumulate a large amount of urine in the bladder;
in order to avoid stagnation, often change the position of the body;
regularly treat the external genitalia with warm water and detergent.

Video: how to treat cystitis in pregnant women

Cystitis is an inflammatory process of the bladder and one of the most serious diseases of the genitourinary system. The disease is predominantly characteristic of the female half of the population due to the anatomical features of the structure of the urethra, the female canal is wide and short, which allows the infection to easily get inside. About 50% of women suffer from cystitis during pregnancy, the disease is dangerous with complications not only for the mother, but also for the child, and therefore requires immediate treatment.

The main reason why cystitis develops during pregnancy is the active life of the pathogenic bacterium Escherichia coli - Escherichia coli. Other causative agents of the pathological process are chlamydia, staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and various fungi. The conditions that are created during the period of gestation are the most tempting for such "guests", because during pregnancy the hormonal background changes significantly and the bacterial microflora of the mucous membranes changes, including in intimate areas. Microbes enter the urethra after intercourse with a partner or as a result of non-compliance with hygiene rules after emptying the intestines, of which E. coli is considered a resident.

Factors contributing to the disease:

weakening of the immune system - inhibition of the body's defenses leads to a fall in barriers and penetration, reproduction of bacteria that in a healthy state already exist on the mucous membranes of the genital organs;
hypothermia - quite often, cystitis in pregnant women develops after hypothermia or a cold, it is very important that the woman's legs are always warm, it is necessary to protect the lower back, lower abdomen, and external genital area from cold and wind;
long-term use of drugs - long-term use of drugs whose metabolites are excreted in the urine and cause irritation of the bladder can also provoke cystitis, in addition, such drugs reduce the body's immune system and change the hormonal background;
allergies - allergic reactions to various environmental factors become the background for the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria in the urinary tract and bladder, these can be allergies to cosmetics and hygiene products, food products, as well as items for intimate hygiene;
overheating - when the bladder overheats (taking hot baths, visiting baths and saunas), the composition of the microflora of the mucous membranes may change, this can provoke the development of cystitis in pregnant women;
exacerbation of chronic diseases of the bladder - with exacerbation of other diseases, the risk of secondary infection increases.

Risk factors for the development of cystitis are supplemented by stressful conditions, wearing tight synthetic underwear, overwork, infectious processes in other organs, especially the organs of the genitourinary system. Cystitis in pregnant women in the later stages can develop as a result of physiological relaxation of the bladder, stagnation of urine, pressure of the enlarged uterus.

Symptoms

Cystitis during pregnancy manifests itself in acute or chronic form. Acute cystitis has a sudden character and pronounced symptoms, most often it develops after hypothermia. The disease passes into the chronic form in the absence of adequate treatment, in which case its signs are sluggish, in certain periods they may not appear at all, but during periods of exacerbation they make themselves felt, in addition, it is much more difficult to get rid of the chronic type.

Signs of acute cystitis

Signs of acute cystitis are caused by an acute inflammatory process that occurs in the bladder and urinary canal.

Main symptoms:

frequent urge to urinate with the release of a small amount of urine;
burning and sharp pain during urination;
false urge to go to the toilet, sensations of incomplete emptying of the bladder;
pain in the lower abdomen;
cloudy urine, blood and pus impurities may be found in the urine;
increase in body temperature;
intoxication.

Note! Severe intoxication of the body and fever are direct evidence that the disease has entered a severe stage, it requires medical intervention and the use of adequate treatment.

Why is acute cystitis dangerous? The acute form of the disease poses a threat not only to the health of the mother, but also to the safety of the life of the fetus - the inflammatory process can pass to the kidneys and cause the development of pyelonephritis.

Symptoms of chronic cystitis

Symptoms of cystitis during pregnancy in a chronic form are less pronounced. The main manifestations of the disease are pain during urination, frequent urination, and urine output along with purulent impurities.

The intensity of pain depends on the frequency of urination. A pregnant woman feels pulling pains in the perineum along the path of the urethra. In addition, she may experience general malaise and stress associated with such a condition.

The treatment of chronic cystitis, unlike acute cystitis, does not consist in the use of antibacterial drugs, the therapy is longer and more complex, it is aimed not only at destroying harmful bacteria, but also at normalizing the microflora and strengthening general immunity.

Consequences of pathology

Cystitis during early pregnancy is not as dangerous as in late pregnancy. Moreover, quite often a woman finds out that she is in a position when she is being diagnosed to determine the presence of an inflammatory disease of the bladder. But even cystitis at the beginning of pregnancy often becomes a factor due to which more serious pathological processes will appear if you do not immediately consult a doctor and do not undergo the necessary treatment.

The most dangerous consequence of cystitis during pregnancy is pyelonephritis (an inflammatory process that occurs in the kidneys). Pathogenic bacteria penetrate through the ureters into the kidneys. In pregnant women, the right kidney is predominantly affected. In acute pyelonephritis, a pregnant woman needs to be hospitalized, otherwise such a condition threatens the health of the mother and child. The consequences may be miscarriage, premature birth, fetal weight loss.

Diagnostics

With the development of the first symptoms of cystitis, a woman should definitely consult a doctor, and then undergo a diagnosis. Only after receiving the results, the doctor will make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe treatment for the patient.

The main diagnostic measures to detect the inflammatory process of the bladder:

general urinalysis - in the presence of inflammation in the body, the content of leukocytes increases, and protein is also detected;
complete blood count - with cystitis in pregnant women, the ESR increases;
Ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder - the method is necessary to determine the state of the urinary system;
bacteriological analysis of urine - allows you to identify and determine the causative agent of the infectious process.

Note! It is necessary to correctly select urine for general and bacteriological studies in order for the result to be reliable. For analysis in the morning, the middle part of the urine is collected in a sterile jar, it must be given to the laboratory in one and a half to two hours.

Treatment

Cystitis in the first trimester of pregnancy and later can be treated only with those drugs that are absolutely not harmful to the life and health of the expectant mother and fetus. It is necessary to be especially careful with regard to antibacterial drugs, but not only antibiotics, but also drugs for other purposes can only be prescribed by a doctor; in no case should you conduct independent therapy. Tetracyclines and sulfonamides are highly contraindicated for pregnant women; antibiotics of such groups can harm the developing fetus.

Antibacterial therapy

The main antibacterial drugs for the treatment of cystitis are Monural and Amoxiclav, these tablets and powder are approved for use while carrying a child and do not adversely affect either the mother or the developing fetus. Monural and Amoxiclav are medicines for cystitis during pregnancy of a new generation, they quickly relieve symptoms and stop pain.

Monural is the most effective - 1 sachet of powder is enough to eliminate soreness. Amoxiclav treatment lasts from 5 to 14 days. Any drug can be chosen as the first choice medicine, after an antibiotic, the doctor must prescribe medicines to a pregnant woman that will remove the full volume of urine from the bladder, normalize the microflora of the mucous membranes, and also increase overall immunity.

Kanefron

Kanefron is a highly effective natural remedy of plant origin, it is often prescribed to pregnant women for the treatment of cystitis, the active substances of the drug not only stop the symptoms, but also eliminate the cause of the disease. The drug has practically no contraindications, is easily tolerated by patients who are in position, and does not harm the fetus.

The action of the drug Kanefron:

normalizes the work of the bladder and kidneys;
enhances the action of antibacterial drugs and prevents the development of infections;
promotes relaxation of the vessels of the urinary tract, which ensures the unimpeded removal of excess fluid from the body of a pregnant woman and relieves swelling;
improves blood supply to the kidneys;
has an antispasmodic effect.

Treatment of cystitis during pregnancy with Kanefron in a short time helps to alleviate the general condition and reduce the symptoms of cystitis and other infectious and inflammatory diseases of the urinary system. The drug also has a preventive effect and prevents the development of urolithiasis.

Folk remedies

What should a pregnant woman do to get rid of cystitis? The answer to the question lies in the recipes of traditional medicine, but it should be understood that folk remedies for cystitis during pregnancy should be allowed by the attending physician.

The main folk remedy that helps to eliminate the inflammatory process in the bladder is cranberries. Cranberries contain beneficial substances and acids that kill E. coli and other pathogenic bacteria. Frequent use of cranberry fruit drinks contributes to the oxidation of the environment in the stomach, bacteria become unable to hold on to the mucous membrane and are excreted from the body. Note! It is advisable to use fruit drinks warm, red currants also have similar properties, lingonberries can be added to the drink.

What can pregnant women with cystitis to get rid of it:

Rosehip root (2 tablespoons), crushed, pour a glass of boiled water, boil using a water bath, and leave for 15-25 minutes. Strain before drinking, drink 3 times a day for ½ cup, after thirty minutes you can eat.
Red rowan berries and lingonberry leaves are taken in a ratio of 3: 1, poured with 1 glass of boiling water, insisted for two to three hours and filtered. Take this infusion 30 minutes before meals, the dose is 100 milliliters 3 times a day. You can add a spoonful of honey to the glass.
Blackcurrant has an anti-inflammatory effect. To prepare the medicine, take 6 tbsp. l. crushed leaves of the plant and pour 1 liter of boiling water, you need to insist for at least an hour. It is allowed to add honey or sugar to the finished broth. Take a decoction five to six times a day, the dose is 1 tablespoon.
To prepare the next medicine, pour a tablespoon of dill herb with 1.5 cups of boiling water, leave for 30 minutes. Drink before meals 30 minutes, the dosage is one third of a glass.
It is useful for pregnant women to take oatmeal, it is very simple to prepare it - you should take a glass of oats and pour 2 glasses of freshly boiled water, then boil again in a water bath, boil until the volume is reduced by half. You can add honey to the prepared broth, take the medicine ½ cup, the dosage regimen is three times a day.

Folk remedies have been used since ancient times, this is an effective and safe way, recognized even by official medicine. Please note that most medicines for the treatment of cystitis, with the exception of antibiotics, are of plant origin. But, despite this, even herbal decoctions cannot be used without notifying the attending physician. The doctor must be aware of all the means and drugs that a pregnant woman takes. Moreover, before taking any medication, you need to make sure that there is no allergy.

Prevention

Now you know how to treat cystitis during pregnancy, but how to prevent the development of the inflammatory process of the bladder? For a woman who is expecting a child, the disease is easier and better to prevent rather than eliminate.

Prevention of cystitis during pregnancy should be started even before the conception of the child. When planning a child, the expectant mother should definitely undergo a complete medical examination and eliminate all medical problems, if any, are found. Chronic infections should be treated before pregnancy occurs. Even neglected caries or tonsillitis can subsequently become the main causes of cystitis in a pregnant woman, as well as cause infections of other internal organs.

You can not bypass the side of preventive measures that concerns the personal hygiene of the expectant mother. A woman needs to wash daily with warm water with pH-neutral detergents, it is even better to carry out a similar procedure in the morning and evening. But it is forbidden for pregnant women to take hot baths, this will avoid overheating and the ingress of detergents and bacteria into the genitals.

Pregnant women should be attentive to their health and immunity, it is necessary to eat more vitamins, strengthening the protective functions of the body, and also avoid hypothermia and colds.

Nutrition

Prevention of an infectious-inflammatory disease also includes the choice and adherence to a diet. Nutrition should be rational and include healthy foods. Low-fat varieties of fish and meat, dairy and sour-milk products, vegetables and fruits in fresh, stewed and baked form are useful. But fried, salty, smoked and spicy dishes from the menu will have to be excluded.

You should follow the drinking regime, it should be plentiful. You can drink water, decoctions and teas, fruit drinks. It is forbidden to consume alcohol, carbonated drinks, citrus juices, coffee and drinks containing caffeine.

As a result of heavy drinking, expectant mothers will visit the toilet more often, and rightly so - even if there is no urge to go to the toilet, you should go to the toilet every 2-3 hours, this will ensure the unhindered removal of excess fluid and bacteria from the body.

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