What is Pan? Meaning of the word pan, historical dictionary. PAN fiber - advantages and disadvantages of synthetic wool

Clothing manufacturers often list PAN as part of their composition. What it is is not known to everyone. PAN stands for polyacrylonitrile, or, in plain language, acrylic fabric. This name is more common and familiar to consumers.

Characteristics of PAN material

Acrylic fabrics are the most durable among technical materials. They tolerate direct exposure well. sun rays and rain. PAN is a high-quality raw material for the manufacture of which are oil derivatives, namely polyacrylonitrile solutions. On the market, such fabrics are called acrylic, orlon, nitron and many other names.

PAN material properties

PAN - material, composition and appearance which are similar to wool, which is why acrylic is often called artificial wool. PAN is a warm, soft, light and pliable thread that will not be harmed by moths. It should be noted, characterizing the PAN material, that it is high-quality acrylic, which is able to keep its shape when mechanical action chemical cleaning and the vagaries of nature. It is almost not subject to fading and discoloration, it is easy to paint over, so the products are obtained in bright and saturated colors.

It is also worth noting, when describing the PAN material, that this is not an ideal fiber, despite all the advantages, because pellets form on it, the fabric does not pass air well, becomes electrified, loses its elastic properties under the influence of high temperatures and tends to form oily contaminants, which are bad amenable to cleaning.

Material production

PAN fiber is produced using the following technology:

1. A fiber-forming polymer is made.
2. Form the fiber wet or dry method.
3. Regenerate with a solvent (dimethylformamide or dimethylacetamide).

Polyacrylonitrile is characterized as a thermoplastic of the second group, which in theory can be fused under the influence of hot air. But at the same time, thermal destruction of the fiber is possible - a process in which radicals are formed. In addition, the effect of hot air currents is of a deep nature, which leads to complete melting of the fabric and its hardening. Therefore, for high-quality connection of acrylic fabrics, hot gluing is used.

Fiber Application

PAN is a material whose properties allow it to be widely used in the domestic sphere. It is used in the manufacture of:

• yarn;
• fabrics;
• curtains;
• furniture upholstery;
• knitwear;
• faux fur;
• carpets;
• (geotextile).

PAN - a material whose composition creates an elastic texture and does not tend to shine, is optimal for the manufacture of an advertising banner or sign, awning or canopy.

The brightness and strength of the fiber, which is not afraid of either cold or heat, make it possible to manufacture quality products, including knitwear and underwear. PAN is an ideal material for clothing, it is often added to wool or mohair to improve performance. The combined product not only has a chic appearance, but also has high wear resistance without losing its original shape.

Curtain fabrics made of acrylic do not lose their color saturation even with prolonged exposure to bright sun.

How to care for acrylic products

We can safely say, having studied the PAN material, that this fiber does not require special skills when caring for it. Acrylic products can be washed and cleaned using chemical substances subject to certain rules.

1. Machine and hand wash it is recommended to carry out in warm water and add rinse aid to the last water. Exposure to high temperatures can lead to loss of softness and shape of the product.
2. Things made of PAN fiber are not recommended to be wrung out and dried in the immediate vicinity of heating equipment. It is best to place the straightened product on a flat surface on top of the towel.
3. Iron things should be through moistened gauze.
4. Not all acrylic products can be dry cleaned. Information about this is stated on the label or label.

Despite the fact that PAN material is synthetic, its quality is very high. And if products made from such fiber are used correctly and properly cared for, they will serve for a very long time without losing their quality characteristics.

Among the extended family synthetic materials the name PAN is often found, the decoding of which is not so simple. This abbreviation is the designation of a special kind of polymer fibers, namely polyacrylonitrile.

Preparation and properties of polyacrylonitrile

The basis for the production of PAN fibers are products of natural gas processing. The first samples of this substance were synthesized in 1947. During polymerization, a continuous thread is obtained, from which skeins are formed. certain length. The fiber is dyed during the production process, so it retains its color regardless of the number of washes and the amount of time it has been exposed to the sun.

The structure of the thread resembles wool, for which it received the name of artificial wool.

The main characteristic of this polymer fiber is its high strength, although not as high as that of polyamide and polyester. In addition, he:

• does not collapse and does not fade with prolonged UV radiation;
• tolerates temperatures up to 130 degrees;
• soft and pleasant to the touch;
• dimensionally stable;
• has good thermal insulation properties;
• dries quickly;
• not damaged by insects and microorganisms;
• resistant to acids, alkalis, gasoline, acetone;
• holds pigments well, including photo printing.

However, polyacrylonitrile also has a number of disadvantages inherent in all synthetic fibers, namely:

• does not absorb moisture;
• does not pass air well;
• electrified;
• easily adsorbs fats, forming stubborn stains;
• slips when worn.

How is PAN used?

The name "artificial wool" corresponds to the main directions of application of this material. Products made of polyacrylonitrile look soft and fluffy, but at the same time they do not deform or stretch. Most often, this fiber is part of mixed textiles or knitting yarn with the addition of natural wool, mohair, angora. This reduces the price of the fabric and makes it more durable, although it somewhat worsens its warming and hygienic properties. The use of polyacrylonitrile in the manufacture of artificial fur and warm knitwear.

Many fabrics have a fully polymeric PAN composition. They are used for both male and female items. everyday wardrobe and a variety of clothing. Widely used for lightproof curtains, other household items. The neutrality of these fibers and their resistance to microorganisms led to their use in antibacterial amicord, which includes cotton or linen fibers and triclosan particles. In addition, heat-insulating material Panox is produced on the basis of polyacrylonitrile.

Care rules

PAN fabric is unpretentious in care - it tolerates machine washing (preferably at a temperature of no more than forty degrees) and any detergents. However, things from it are not recommended to be twisted, and they must be dried in a horizontal position.. You can iron PAN with an iron in the “Synthetics” mode, preferably through wet gauze.

The modern textile industry produces great amount various materials synthetic origin, one of which is PAN. The abbreviation PAN stands for polyacrylonitrile, and similar polymer fibers are used to make acrylic, nitron, orlon, prelan, crelon, redon and other fabrics with similar properties.

Warm and soft material, resembling wool in appearance and feel, is used in sewing a variety of clothes and for making. Products with the addition of PAN fiber are excellent, do not fade in the sun and do not require special care.

Preparation and description of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)

Having become acquainted with the most complex technology for the production of acrylic, one can jokingly say that this fabric is made from air. Natural gas is the raw material for this material. It is from the gas that acetylene and hydrocyanic acid are produced. Components interact with each other and as a result chemical reaction turn into fiber. For the first time samples of this material were synthesized in 1947.

Production of polyacrylonitrile

Like all man-made threads, PAN fibers are continuous and allow you to create an absolutely smooth fabric surface with a clear weave pattern. Sometimes continuous fibers are cut into small, even lengths called staples. The material from the staples has an original texture and looks like wool, which is why acrylic is sometimes called artificial wool.

Due to the fact that the dyeing of the fibers occurs even in liquid form directly during the production process, the fabric retains its original color for a long time, does not fade in the sun and does not shed.

Advantages and disadvantages of PAN

The unique properties of fabrics containing PAN fibers are known to the most demanding fashionistas around the world.

• Acrylic is almost what makes clothing made from this material indispensable on the road or at events where it is necessary to have an impeccable appearance.
• The fabric is soft and light, pleasant to the touch.
• PAN threads have excellent heat-shielding qualities; even winter clothes can be made from them.
• Synthetic matter easily tolerates the effects of acids, alkalis, gasoline, acetone. Acrylic products can be dry cleaned.
• The fabric is perfectly dyed, you can easily get a bright canvas rich color or with photo printing.
• PAN is hypoallergenic and does not promote the development of dust mites and other harmful microorganisms.

Acrylic fabrics also have disadvantages.

• Poorly conducts air and does not absorb moisture, resulting in a feeling of stuffiness.
• When washing or ironing with a too hot iron, an acrylic product may stretch.
• In the process of wearing, the fabric can roll down when the parts of the clothes rub against each other.
• The material is easily electrified.
• Acrylic quickly absorbs grease and oil, stains can be very difficult to remove.

In addition, acrylic yarn products should never be dried on batteries or near other heat sources. Drying with hot air will make the product hard and unsuitable for further use.

Scope of material

Polyacrylonitrile fibers

Most often, artificial wool is used for the manufacture of clothing and home textile. Soft and fluffy things made of acrylic do not tear or stretch. Usually PAN is added to wool, mohair, angora. The percentage can be different, from 5 to 60% acrylic. This slightly reduces the thermal insulation and hygienic characteristics of the material, but at the same time reduces the cost of the product. Casual wardrobe items for men and women, children's clothes are made of acrylic fabric.

Very in demand polymer fabrics in the production of fashionable curtains with numerous tails and pleats. They are strong and durable, and resistance to ultraviolet rays allows you to decorate windows in brightly lit rooms.

Features of weaving and a variety of types of matter makes possible creation beautiful and comfortable home textiles. and pillowcases, and decorative panels, rugs, slippers, children's toys and other items needed in household things are made of acrylic fabric.

A separate branch of the use of PAN matter is the production of various advertising products. The expediency of using this material is due to its strength, resistance to weathering and low cost. It is indispensable in the production of banners, stretch marks, and awnings, being worthy replacement short-lived paper.

Acrylic threads are used in the production of yarns for hand and machine knitting, from which warm and cozy knitwear is obtained.

How to recognize acrylic

Any synthetic fabric after it is set on fire, it does not burn, but melts, emitting a characteristic black smoke. The same thing happens with acrylic. At the place of arson, a black influx is formed, which cannot be rubbed with hands. The whole process is accompanied by unpleasant sour smell characteristic of artificial materials.

care requirements

PAN fabric is quite unpretentious, however, in order to for a long time to keep the look of the product original, you need to know some rules of care.

• Acrylic items can be washed by hand or in a machine with warm water (no more than 30°C).
• When washing, you can use any detergent: liquid gels, powders.
• Clothes should not be twisted, it is better to lay out the products on a horizontal surface, giving them their original shape and leaving them to dry completely.
• Iron things made of acrylic with a not too hot iron through damp gauze.
• If persistent dirt has appeared on the surface of the fabric, they can be removed with gasoline or acetone. However, it should be remembered that formalin and phenol can destroy the structure of the fibers and render the product unusable.

PAN fabrics today are very popular and in demand in textile industry. Excellent performance combined with a low price allow them to firmly hold a leading position.

PAN fiber - advantages and disadvantages of synthetic wool

The goal of developing and improving modern synthetic materials is to create fibers that, in their properties, approach natural raw materials, and in some cases even surpass them. These include the material pan (PAN), which is also known as orlon, nitron, kashmilon, etc. This fiber in its properties is very similar to natural wool - in some ways it is inferior to it, but in some ways it is superior.

Understanding the question of what yarn and pan fabric are, do not confuse it with the names of others. trademarks(for example, the Pan Gardin company selling curtains). The word PAN is short for "polyacrylonitrile". This polymeric compound was obtained at the end of the 19th century, and was later used in the production of synthetic rubber. In 1948, employees of the DuPont concern, known for its huge contribution to the creation of new synthetic materials, created polyacrylic fibers, which were called "orlon". The new synthetic fiber had softness, strength, durability, in its "fluffy" structure it was very similar to wool, but had a significant drawback - it did not perceive color. Melt-dyed yarn samples were obtained four years later and were called acrylic.

A similar polymer obtained in other countries was called cashmylon, nitron, acrylone, etc. The currently accepted international name for this fiber is PAN or PAN, sometimes the term "acrylic" or "polyacrylic" can be found.

The basis for widespread this material served such properties as:

• sufficiently high strength (greater than that of wool, but lower than that of polyamides and polyesters);
• softness and good tactile sensations;
• dimensional stability;
• the ability to retain heat near the surface of the body;
• color fastness;
• resistance to sunlight;
• fast drying;
• heat resistance (more than 120 degrees);
• chemical neutrality and resistance to active substances;
• resistance to microorganisms and insects;
• weak crease.

At the same time, pan fiber, like most synthetic materials:

• accumulates static electricity;
• forms pellets;
• due to the loose structure of the thread, it is able to adsorb impurities, especially fat.

In addition, polyacrylonitrile warms worse than natural wool, fabric from it does not pass air enough and practically does not absorb moisture. However, the strength, stability and good appearance of PAN, along with its low price, contribute to a high demand for this material and products made from it.

Areas of use

Since PAN material was originally developed as an industrial fiber, it is not surprising that its use in various fields industry - as a filler for plastic, raw material for the manufacture of conveyor belts, nets for various purposes, including fishing nets, etc. In everyday life, the main areas of use of polyacrylonitrile correspond to its unofficial name "artificial wool". This fiber is the basis of artificial fur for outerwear, warm shoes, decorative items, soft toys. Such products are beautiful, inexpensive, but rather heavy and do not warm very well. In addition, when contaminated, especially with substances containing fat, it can be problematic to restore their original “fluffiness”.

Another common use for PAN is in the production of warm knitwear.. Acrylic products handmade and machine knitting beautiful, practical, do not stretch and do not shed when washed, have an affordable price. But at the same time, it must be remembered that their hygienic properties are low, and besides, they can provoke allergies. Therefore, it is better to combine PAN-100 yarn samples widely presented on sale with a wool thread, and even better from mohair or angora. The mixed composition of knitwear will allow you to combine all the best that the original fibers have - strength and ability to keep their shape with good warming properties and the absence of a "thermos effect".
How to choose a faux fur coat?

All this is true for fabrics based on polyacrylonitrile. For clothing, it is better to choose mixed materials that are well suited for business and casual trousers, jackets, suits, including school ones. The only area where 100% pan material is unbeatable is blackout curtains, which have durability and high light resistance. Also, polyacryl is widely used as home textiles, carpet products and other household items.

Care rules

Although PAN tolerates well high temperatures, its washing should be carried out in a solution heated to no more than 40 degrees. These products are resistant to machine wash and choice detergents, however, it is better not to twist them, but to place them horizontally when drying. Ironing, if necessary, should be done from the inside in the "synthetics" mode.

To clean fat, you can use gasoline, acetone, dichloroethane, but when exposed to formalin or phenol, the fabric may suffer.

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