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Initial symptoms of pregnancy. Physiological changes

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Each person is unique by nature. What one person likes may not be perceived at all by another. The same applies to pregnant women: one may not realize she is pregnant for months, since no suspicious symptoms were observed, while for others, the first signs appear already in the first week of pregnancy. Some women, literally on the first day of conception, feel somewhere internally that something has arisen inside them. new life. Be that as it may, doctors always adhere to common symptoms, which may indicate pregnancy. Of course, some women may have them whole list, while others have only a few. Let's take a closer look at them.

Signs of early pregnancy

It is known that fertilization of the egg occurs throughout the day. Later (7-10 days after ovulation) implantation occurs, and only after this some symptoms of pregnancy may appear. This is due to the fact that the embryo, which is firmly attached to the walls of the uterus, begins to produce a hormone called human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). It begins to be intensively produced from the very first day of pregnancy, and by the third month its quantity increases several thousand times. After this period, it begins to gradually decline. It is because of this hormone that all the symptoms of pregnancy are most pronounced in the first 3 months. After all, as soon as its level in a woman’s body decreases, all “painful” symptoms disappear.

And so, with normal course During pregnancy, its first signs may appear at 1–2 weeks. As a rule, they are not very pronounced, but if you have any suspicions, you can confirm them using home test for pregnancy. After all, hCG is a protein that manifests itself through the urine of a pregnant woman, and how longer term, the darker the second line on the test will be. In addition, the accuracy of the diagnosis can also be confirmed by a blood test, because it contains no less amount of the hormone.

To confirm your suspicions, let's talk in more detail about the first signs of pregnancy:

Absence or delay of menstruation. The most obvious symptom of pregnancy is a missed period. If your period does not come on time, women first of all begin to suspect pregnancy. The fact is that a woman’s body is designed as follows: when the egg matures, it exits through the fallopian tube into the uterus, ovulation occurs (the body prepares for possible pregnancy). If sexual intercourse occurs during the period of ovulation and a sperm enters the uterus, the egg is fertilized. If there has been no fertilization, the mucous membrane that covers inner layer the uterus leaves and menstruation begins. But it happens that menstruation can continue even after fertilization for several months or even the entire pregnancy. In any case, if you are certainly aware of your situation, any suspicious discharge should alert you and be a reason to immediately consult a doctor. After all, this can speak of possible risk termination of pregnancy, it could just be minor bleeding that can occur during the implantation period (this is normal). It all depends on the nature of the discharge and general condition pregnant. Even if your period is late, it may not always mean you are pregnant. Very often this happens due to extreme anxiety, fatigue or stress. This may also indicate the presence of some diseases, for example, polycystic disease, cervical erosion, etc. Often, menstruation does not occur for a long time after some surgical intervention. As a rule, the body can recover for several months.
Pain in the abdomen and chest. For many women, the first symptom of pregnancy is chest discomfort and minor abdominal pain. Pain and cramps can be felt already in the second week of pregnancy, because during this short period of time the body begins to intensively restructure: all organs are preparing for active work, as a result of the formation of the fetus and placenta, frequent contractions of the uterus occur, and tingling and discomfort are observed in the lower abdomen. Changes also occur in the chest - the mammary glands are preparing for the upcoming breastfeeding, milk gradually accumulates for the unborn baby. In addition, you can notice how the halos on the chest (circles around the nipples) have changed, they have darkened and even enlarged a little. The longer the pregnancy, the larger the breasts themselves will become. Veins are clearly visible above the mammary glands, which is associated with accelerated blood circulation during pregnancy. Indeed, during this period, blood circulation increases by 40–50%. This is necessary so that the woman’s body can more easily tolerate blood loss during or after childbirth. Some women, when pressing on the chest, observe the release of clear liquid - this is also a clear sign pregnancy.
General weakness of the body. Due to hormonal changes in the body, a pregnant woman often feels constant fatigue and weakness. She also constantly wants to sleep, at any time of the day. Sometimes in the first weeks of pregnancy, the expectant mother feels a sore throat or nasal congestion. In fact, her strength leaves her due to the fact that, being in “ interesting position", the metabolism in the body accelerates several times. This, in turn, does not happen unnoticed, and she feels unwell. As for the symptoms of a cold, pregnancy is precisely the period when the immune system also “suffers.” Due to a complete restructuring of the functioning of all organs and systems, the body's defenses are reduced, and there is a risk of catching a cold, even while staying in an air-conditioned room. Therefore, be careful!
Change in emotional state. A large percentage of women who were pregnant claim that their mood during pregnancy changes from the first week. Moreover, all these changes may be completely unfounded. For example, mommy may be in high spirits, and after a few seconds she may cry, be offended, and scream for no reason. In general, this is the norm, because change hormonal levels during the period of bearing a baby, it greatly affects the emotional state of the pregnant woman. Throughout this period, a woman may be disturbed various questions(“Is the baby developing normally?”, “How will the upcoming birth go?”, etc.). That is why such sharp changes in emotional mood are quite understandable.
Nausea and vomiting. This symptom is perhaps the most striking symptom throughout almost the entire pregnancy. Already from the first weeks, the expectant mother begins to feel severe nausea As a rule, it torments the expectant mother most of all in the morning. A little later, at 4–5 weeks, vomiting appears along with nausea. Various pungent odors can aggravate the condition, making the woman feel even worse. For example, pregnant women often do not perceive the smell of perfume or even the smell of food, so cooking can be real torture for them. All this is explained by the fact that the body, in preparation for bearing a fetus, gets rid of all harmful substances and that's why these symptoms normal phenomenon at this state. During normal pregnancy similar symptoms disappear by the end of 3 months. But sometimes there are cases when nausea and vomiting plague a woman even in the third trimester of pregnancy. Doctors call this condition “preeclampsia” (late toxicosis). With such a diagnosis, it is imperative to be treated in a hospital under the supervision of doctors.
Increased natural secretions. Already at the beginning of the first week of pregnancy, the expectant mother may notice how much cervical mucus is secreted. If before pregnancy the discharge was insignificant, now its amount has increased several times. In addition, in every woman they are white in color, and in those who are expecting a baby they are transparent with a rather slimy structure. All this is normal, since these secretions are needed to protect the fetus from different infections that can penetrate the uterine cavity. It is thanks to the hormone progesterone, which is now very much in the body, that these secretions are produced.
Change in basal temperature. Many doctors claim that this method of determining pregnancy in the early stages is very reliable. To measure basal temperature, it is necessary to do this not in the usual way for all of us, namely, measuring the temperature in the rectum. But this must be done in the morning, as soon as you wake up. Because your body has not yet experienced any stress, and therefore the result will certainly be 100%. If there is pregnancy, then the thermometer will show 37 or more degrees Celsius. If conception does not occur, the indicators will be low. By measuring basal temperature, you can also determine the period of ovulation - the most suitable time for conception.

All these signs of pregnancy are just their possible manifestations. As already mentioned, each woman is individual and the body can react completely differently to her new condition. In other words, if you suspect pregnancy, only an experienced specialist can confirm it 100%.

Remember that very short term Pregnancy is difficult to determine by ultrasound. Determine your condition early An hCG test will help.
If you are worried about pain in the lower abdomen, be sure to consult your gynecologist about this. Since this may indicate both a possible termination of pregnancy and a slight contraction of the uterus. Taking any painkillers on your own is very dangerous, because it can harm the fetus.
If you know for sure that you will soon become a mother, your life should change dramatically. This applies to food, which should only contain healthy foods, give up everything completely bad habits and get more rest.
Since all pregnant women experience significant changes in their emotional state due to changes in hormonal levels, it is advisable to consult a psychologist so that he can help you “come to your senses.”
Don’t panic if your pregnancy is not progressing like your friend’s or like your mother told you about it. Each body reacts differently to the development of new life in it. And if you constantly feel sick or are exhausted from constant vomiting, remember - everything will pass very soon, you need to be patient a little. All this normal condition, it just happens differently for everyone.
In order to register, a pregnant woman should contact an antenatal clinic no later than 12 weeks. After all, in order to control fetal development and health expectant mother, the doctor must conduct all the research and give the necessary advice to the woman.

Basic advice: less worry and stress. Now is exactly the period when you should be completely protected from all negativity. Walk in the fresh air more often, sign up for fitness for pregnant women, which will only improve your physical and psychological condition. After all, if the mother is healthy and happy, then the baby will feel good and be born healthy!

What to do with nausea in early pregnancy and how to recognize that a woman is in an interesting position, see here:

Pregnancy is a very important event in the life of any woman. For some it is joyful and long-awaited, for others it is the opposite. But, one way or another, everyone wants to know about the beginning of the development of a new life as early as possible - if possible, already in the first days after conception.

Reason to suspect pregnancy for most women of reproductive age with regular cycle is a delay in menstruation. Doubts are finally dispelled by two strips of self-test and the conclusion of a local gynecologist.

How many days later can you find out about pregnancy?

To answer correctly this question, it is necessary to understand from what event it is customary to count the gestational age.

Note: in obstetric practice, the onset of pregnancy is counted from the first day of the onset of menstruation.

If we talk about the obstetric period, then there simply cannot be early signs of the first or second week of pregnancy, because During this period, the woman is not even pregnant yet. The actual beginning of pregnancy is associated with the day - the day when a mature egg leaves the ovary in fallopian tube and meets there with a viable sperm capable of breaking through its membrane and producing fertilization.

It is quite difficult to calculate this day, but it is the beginning embryonic period pregnancy. Typically, ovulation occurs 14 days before the start of the menstrual cycle, i.e. with a 28-day cycle, a woman can become pregnant around the 14th day after the start of her last menstruation.

Note: it is necessary to remember that the ability of an egg to conceive in the uterus remains for 12-36 hours, and the date of ovulation can shift for a number of reasons, so it is almost impossible to accurately determine the date of conception.

Whether there was unprotected intercourse on the day of ovulation is not so important, because... sperm can remain viable in a woman’s genital tract for about 1 week, “waiting” for a mature egg. It is for this reason that when determining the duration of pregnancy, you cannot focus on the days of last sex.

Of course, all of the above does not apply to determining the duration of pregnancy during planned and controlled conceptions. In such cases, the date of the beginning of the birth of a new life is always known.

As you understand, all the woman’s statements that she began to feel the first signs of pregnancy at 1-2 weeks of the obstetric period can be considered intuitive.

However, there are also very real physiologically based early signs that the egg is fertilized. They can be felt no earlier than 3 weeks of pregnancy (according to the obstetric period).

First signs of pregnancy

The onset of conception is a signal for the body to begin serious hormonal changes and prepare organs and systems for subsequent pregnancy. It is these hormonal changes that provoke changes in condition that can be considered harbingers of a new period in a woman’s life.

Important:The main hormones responsible for the appearance of the first signs of pregnancy are human chorionic gonadotropin.

The main task progesterone– reduce the excitability of the uterus, prepare conditions for the attachment of the fertilized egg to its inner layer, and ensure the growth of the mammary glands. An increase in the amount of this hormone is fraught with changes in a woman’s mood: she may experience irritability, tearfulness, etc. In some cases, fluid retention is provoked), or may occur.

The journey of a fertilized cell through the fallopian tubes to the uterus itself takes about a week. At the same time, the merged male and female cage turn into a small ball filled with liquid. Once in the arms of the uterine epithelium, he begins to look for himself comfortable spot and attaches to the walls. It is from this moment that we can talk about pregnancy.

The very attachment of the embryo is often accompanied by discomfort in the lumbar region or lower abdomen. These are the key signs of pregnancy, appearing at 3-4 weeks in the obstetric period (one of the first signs of 1-2 weeks of pregnancy in the embryonic period).

Successful implantation of the embryo triggers accelerated process production of another pregnancy hormone - human chorionic gonadotropin(CG), which is designed to protect the embryo and the woman’s body from adverse factors and future stress.

It stimulates the production of progesterone and triggers cell renewal processes in various organs and tissues. This means that changes will continue to occur in the woman’s body, which can be regarded as the first signs of pregnancy. Their peak development occurs after 3-4 weeks of obstetric (1-2 weeks of embryonic) pregnancy, but some women begin to notice these changes literally from the first weeks after fertilization. Let's talk about them in more detail.

Drowsiness and nausea

Nervous system disorders

Often, already in the very early stages, a woman’s ability to perform noticeably decreases, and some lack of composure appears in her behavior. For many, forgetfulness is also common.

In some cases, apathy develops, that is, complete detachment, indifference and indifference. Changes mental state caused by increased secretion of progesterone. As pregnancy progresses, its effect is offset by increased estrogen production.

Decreased libido

Sexual desire decreases starting from the first days after conception, and normalizes by the second trimester. This fact can also be regarded as the first sign of pregnancy.

Important:already from the first week, some women show signs of mild toxicosis.

Traditional methods of detecting pregnancy in the first days after conception

“Grandmother’s methods” for determining pregnancy before delay scientific justification Dont Have. It was once believed that the occurrence of conception was indicated by the appearance spider veins on the chest in the “neckline area”, and metal. Despite the lack of specific explanations, many women notice such first signs of pregnancy, so they should not be ignored.

Why is early diagnosis of pregnancy important?

Early manifestations serve good reason to carry out tests and detect the fact of pregnancy. Wherein important point What remains is to determine the site of implantation of the fertilized egg.

The norm is the placement of the fertilized egg in the uterus. If diagnosed, the patient requires urgent medical attention to prevent serious complications.

The sooner a woman learns that she will be a mother, the greater the chances that pregnancy and childbirth will proceed without complications. The appearance of one or more early signs is an absolute reason for the immediate abandonment of bad habits, making adjustments to the diet, or stopping taking medicines with embryotoxic and teratogenic effects and normalization of sleep and rest patterns.

Plisov Vladimir, medical observer

There is a period in a woman’s life when she is waiting and worrying about the future. This is pregnancy. But in order for the upcoming 40 weeks to bring joy, it is important not to miss the very first signs of pregnancy. For doctors, the primary evidence of pregnancy is a missed period. But is it? Experienced women note that some manifestations can be noticed much earlier.

First of all, a few words about conception. Women's cycle is usually 28 days. It is divided into three phases: menstruation, follicular, luteal. The duration of the 1st-2nd stage is 12-14 days. During this period it dominates female hormone estrogen, the birth of a new life during its action is impossible. But progesterone functions in parallel with it. Its peculiarity is that the quantity changes cyclically.

The apogee of the process, the beginning of the luteal phase, is shortly before the 14th day of the cycle. In the ovaries, out of four prepared, mature follicles, three stop growing. The remaining one continues its development. When achieved required sizes, the follicular membrane bursts, the egg is released. This is how ovulation occurs: the woman’s body is ready for conception. The cell is sent into the fallopian tube for intercourse with the sperm.

Symptoms of pregnancy in the first days

They occur just during the period of egg implantation. The burst follicle transforms into a “corpus luteum”, sprouting blood vessels, releasing progesterone. Its function during this period is twofold:

stop menstrual bleeding for the next 40 weeks;
prepare the uterine mucosa for the attachment of a fertilized cell.

If fertilization does not occur, the “corpus luteum” stops working. The muscles of the uterus reject the endometrium through contractions, and after a few days new bleeding occurs. As a result of calculations, it was determined that conception occurs approximately on the 14-16th day of the cycle. The period of gestation and childbirth is traditionally calculated from the first day of the last menstruation. Therefore, the very first signs of pregnancy may appear 3 weeks after the start of the cycle or 7-10 days after conception.

It is advisable for the expectant mother to take a closer look and listen to her body. During this period, it is actively reconstructed for the birth of a child. This is not always convenient and sometimes leads to discomfort. But it's worth it!

On the other hand, nature gives a signal to a young woman: reconsider your life principles and rules. Everything should be subordinated to him, the emergence of a new person: a reason to quit smoking, a passion for beer, more strong drinks. This applies to the woman herself and family members. After all unborn child from the first days of conception she feels the harmony of the world or its hostility. Walking outdoors, moderate physical activity, swimming contribute to the smooth flow of the process.

Symptoms of pregnancy 1 week after conception

Mom still doesn’t know whether the great mystery of conception has taken place. Future baby, while in the form of one cell, has already begun its growth, a grandiose “journey”. The cell is divided into two, then there are 4 of them, then 8, 16, in geometric progression. But pregnancy has not yet occurred.

7-10 days after conception, a small lump with liquid inside is obtained, covered with a membrane and villi on top. With their help, it moves from the fallopian tube into the uterine cavity, where, under favorable circumstances, it attaches to it. Only now can we say that the woman is pregnant. The cervix becomes thicker and softer. Its lumen is closed by a mucus plug, protecting the fetus from infection.

The implantation process may be accompanied by pregnancy symptoms 1 week after conception. Let's name the most common ones that are diagnosed independently:

Minor short-term yellowish-brown discharge that appears suddenly. The young woman is perplexed - after all, it’s not time for menstruation yet. The reason is simple: the embryo is actively implanted into the mucous membrane of the uterus, which is penetrated by blood vessels. Its introduction provokes insignificant discharge. Therefore, there is no reason to panic yet.

The onset of pregnancy may manifest itself as malaise, a feeling of nasal congestion, a slight sore throat, or cough. An increase in body temperature to 37°C adds to the discomfort. Chills and slight fever may be felt. With such signs, it is better for the expectant mother to take a few days off, without aggravating the condition of pain, to protect the unborn baby. Vitamin tea, fresh fruits, home comfort will help you recover. At higher temperatures, you should seek help from a doctor. Tablets are taken “with an eye” on a possible special condition.

During this period, some women acutely feel the stuffiness of the room, the lack of fresh air, lowering blood pressure. As a result, fatigue appears, performance decreases, and dizziness and fainting occur. This can be explained by the restructuring of the body to a new rhythm caused by the production of progesterone.

Pregnancy symptoms 1 week after conception - sudden change taste preferences. “You want something sour or salty” is not uncommon. Some people experience increased appetite, cravings for sweets and certain foods. At first, one can completely give in to such desires, even gluttony.

How to find out about pregnancy before delay: research methods

Sometimes a state of uncertainty for a woman planning long-awaited pregnancy, unbearable. Tests have not yet shown a “second line,” but anxiety contributes to the release of adrenaline, which prevents normal implantation. Therefore, methods on how to find out about pregnancy before missed periods are important. In such a situation, medicine suggests:

analysis of changes in basal temperature;
laboratory analysis.

Conception can manifest itself with a basal temperature of 37-37.4 degrees. The increase is caused by the release of progesterone in the second phase of the cycle. For the reliability of the study, a number of conditions must be met. The woman takes measurements in the rectum with a mercury thermometer. Every day, at the same time, in the same position, without getting out of bed. Previous sleep is at least 6 hours. If the BT chart shows relatively flat readings of 37 degrees and above for several days, we can assume that there is conception.

Systematic measurements make it possible to determine the implantation of the embryo into the uterine cavity. During this period, estrogen is released: temperature values for 1 day will sharply drop to 36.4-36.6 °C, then restore to the previous level. Implantation depression on the basal temperature chart shows what has happened: pregnancy has occurred.

Laboratory tests will also help. With their help, an increase in the level is determined hCG hormone, human chorionic gonadotropin. It is constantly present in small doses in female body. Diagnosis is carried out by analyzing urine and blood. The task of the hormone during pregnancy is to “control” the harmonious combination of progesterone and estrogen in the female body, maintaining favorable conditions for the development of the child. An active increase in readings is observed after implantation of the embryo, since the substance is produced by the chorion membrane of the fetus. Lack of hCG causes rejection of the fertilized egg.

An increase in hormone levels indicates a normal pregnancy. There are special dependency tables week period, concentrations. For the first week after conception (3rd from the beginning of the menstrual cycle), the level of the substance is 25-50 mIU/ml. Maximum values are reached at 8-11 weeks. Then they decrease somewhat and remain that way until childbirth. Doctors pay attention: it is not the digital indicators that are important, but The general trend changes. An insufficient increase in concentration may indicate anomalies: threat of miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, the value laboratory research high.

Exploring new sensations in our body

We have outlined research methods confirmation of the birth of a new life. The BT method has certain disadvantages. Temperature readings can be affected by many factors: insomnia, drinking alcohol even in small doses, active evening activities. The potential for error is significant.

Laboratory analysis gives a high degree of confidence in the result. But analysis of hCG dynamics is recommended to be carried out in the same center. Since there may be different approaches to calculating the concentration of the hormone. It is carried out, most often, in private clinics, laboratories, for a fee. Many women laboratory method inaccessible due to price and living in the outback.

Somatic methods remain the most accessible for analyzing the very first signs of pregnancy before delay. Let us note a number of indirect factors. The onset of pregnancy can manifest itself with sudden nausea, vomiting, and loss of interest in food. At first, this does not cause much harm. But frequent vomiting- a reason to see a doctor. On the one hand, the body in this state does not receive enough nutrients and loses fluid. On the other hand, during the process the walls of the abdomen become tense, leading to rejection of the embryo.

The first signs of an interesting condition are associated with another new sensation: a reaction to smells. This easy option toxicosis: no vomiting, but some aromas cause disgust. This could be cooking meat, food; sometimes cosmetics, perfume.

Fertilization, growth, and implantation of the fetus are possible at a certain concentration of progesterone in the female body. This hormone can depress the female psyche. The result is absent-mindedness and drowsiness. It is more difficult for a woman to concentrate on work. There's no need to get upset. Usually, by the 10th week everything goes away. By this time, the formed placenta begins to produce estrogen. The expectant mother finds again good mood, important for a growing baby.

We have dealt with the new “sensations”. But what happens to the female body during the period of the very first signs of pregnancy before the delay? After implantation of the fertilized egg, a slight enlargement or “swelling” of the breast is possible. For some, it becomes sensitive and painful. The skin around the nipples darkens and lumps appear. It comes out of the nipples clear liquid. A woman's body is preparing to feed her unborn baby.

The implanted embryo stimulates a number of other processes. First of all, new life requires space, the uterus begins to grow. The expectant mother may feel some enlargement of the abdomen, although it is not yet noticeable. Pressure from the uterus on nearby organs may cause minor discomfort while sitting. The solution is simple: move a little, find a body position on a chair that does not cause discomfort.

A growing embryo requires a constant supply useful substances. Therefore, the blood supply to the reproductive organs and pelvic organs is more intense. As a result, the load on the kidneys increases. Therefore, the beginning of pregnancy may be “marked” frequent urination. But you shouldn’t be upset, after a while everything returns to normal. It is necessary to take into account: the uterus is located close to the bladder; As the fetus grows, pressure on surrounding organs will increase.

Symptoms of pregnancy 2 weeks after conception

Meanwhile, your baby is growing! Still called an embryo, it is a collection of living cells covered with a membrane. But he has already given his mother many new sensations, signaling: I am here with you, take care of me.

Symptoms of pregnancy at 2 weeks after conception are similar to those described earlier. The fact is that we can talk about pregnancy only after implantation of the egg into the endometrium. For some women, this process occurs on days 5-7, i.e. 1st week, for others in the range of 7-10 days, this is already the second week after conception. Take a closer look at yourself, analyze your feelings.

Sudden changes in mood, insomnia, causeless tears, anxiety, and fear may indicate the impending arrival of a child. Progesterone, actively produced by the “corpus luteum,” is to blame. Despite this Negative influence on the female psyche, bearing without it healthy baby impossible. The spouse and family members should treat the mood of the expectant mother with understanding and not upset her over trifles. It won't be long before everything falls into place.

Many people note that while waiting, a woman loses interest in making love. The reason for this is changed hormonal levels. If there are no medical contraindications due to miscarriage, both should not give up little joys. But we should be wary:

discomfort during intercourse;
uncharacteristic vaginal discharge.

Symptoms in week 2 are most often associated with new eating habits, aversion to food and certain foods. If the mother has no diseases, special contraindications, the desires of the first weeks can be fully satisfied. Pickles, tomatoes, fish are traditional food preferences of pregnant women. But everything needs to be done in moderation. Eating salty foods requires drink plenty of fluids, increasing the load on the excretory system. Salt retains moisture in the cells of the body, which results in swelling of the hands and feet.

Systematic urge to vomit should cause anxiety for the expectant mother and the family environment. Some people have them after every meal. We have already talked about the loss of fluid and nutrients. In such a situation, it is necessary to urgently seek medical care. Since the body is exhausted and is constantly in a tense state, the threat of egg rejection is high. Eat various techniques overcoming early toxicosis recommended by doctors.

Once again, it’s worth focusing on low-alcohol, alcoholic drinks. In the second week after conception, the fetus still does not have a placental barrier that can weed out everything that causes harm. A woman who decides to have a child should give up any unhealthy habits. Because nicotine and alcohol entering the baby’s body through the bloodstream poison him.

A laboratory analysis of a woman’s urine and blood in the second week after conception shows a 7-8-fold increase in hCG content, indicating normal processes.

Can you feel sick before your period: distinguishing PMS from pregnancy

WITH premenstrual syndrome many people face. The reasons lie in changes in hormonal levels and combinations of hormones. Estrogen always dominates in the female body. The amount of progesterone is cyclical. At the moment of ovulation, fertilization, its concentration is maximum, remains at this level for implantation of the embryo in the uterine cavity, and remains until the 11th week of pregnancy. If fertilization does not occur, the egg dies and the hormone level drops.

As a result, the epithelial layer is rejected, accompanied by menstrual bleeding. External manifestation hormonal changes in a woman's body - there is PMS. Its symptoms are varied and similar to the first signs of pregnancy. Nausea is one of them. Can you feel sick before your period? - many women ask themselves. The answer will be in the affirmative if the female body is systematically susceptible to such manifestations of the last phase of the cycle as weakness, dizziness, vomiting, skin rash, and emotional imbalance.

But it happens that the beginning of the menstrual cycle does not cause any particular inconvenience. And then suddenly, shortly before menstruation, nausea appears. In such a situation, the manifestation of the disease, the body’s reaction to poor-quality food, is excluded. There are two ways to confirm early pregnancy:

passing a laboratory test for hCG;
using a special test.

Since the first method is not available to everyone, we will focus on the second. The pharmacy chain offers a range of tests that identify pregnancy. From all the variety, choose one that responds to the minimum content of hCG in a woman’s urine. This test is called highly sensitive; it can be used even 10 days from the expected conception. With a high degree of probability, he will “answer” the question of whether he can vomit before menstruation.

Do pregnancy tests lie? - Interesting video

Tingling in the uterus: fiction or truth?

Pregnant women are almost always accompanied by uncharacteristic sensations. The reason for this is the same progesterone, which somewhat depresses the psyche and forms women's fears, suspiciousness. But the tingling in the uterus is more a truth than a whim. Conception requires good blood supply to the pelvic organs and preparation of the uterus for implantation. It is literally riddled with blood vessels. Increased blood flow causes a barely noticeable tingling sensation.

After the implantation of the embryo, the uterus increases in volume, “conquering” neighboring organs abdominal cavity a more comfortable place, associated with some pain. Tingling in the uterus is accompanied by another symptom. At the time of menstruation, nagging pain appears in the lower abdomen. That is why doctors advise pregnant women to protect themselves in every possible way on such days: do not be nervous, reduce physical activity, and refrain from intimacy with your loved one.

Simultaneously with pain in the lower abdomen, painful sensations in the lower back, shooting. You can fight them by changing body positions. If pain occurs while walking, you should lie down with a pillow under your back for comfort. If you get a shot while sitting, you need to get up and walk around. Useful for mother and baby.

Discharge before late pregnancy

Pregnancy is a physiological process associated with some inconveniences for a woman. One of them is vaginal discharge. The natural question is, can there be discharge before a delay in pregnancy?

We have already talked about some. This may be a consequence of implantation of a fertilized egg into the mucous membrane of the reproductive organ. The discharge has a specific color and appears for a short time.

For any woman, pregnancy is important event. Some have been waiting for this happy moment for years and listen to any changes in their body in the hope of giving birth. long-awaited baby, others are afraid to find out this news due to lack of confidence in their partner, random unprotected contacts, etc. Life situations may be different, but one point unites everyone: it is important for every woman to catch the first signs of pregnancy as quickly as possible and understand that an interesting situation has arrived.

The first symptoms of pregnancy, which appear before the delay of menstruation, are called subjective. Pregnancy itself after conception occurs within 7-10 days, this is the time required for the fertilized egg to move to the uterus.

From the moment the fertilized egg is fixed, various changes in the body begin to be observed, signs appear that may indicate the likelihood of an interesting situation.

A single manifestation of one of the earliest signs of pregnancy does not give confidence in conception, but if a combination of two or more symptoms is observed, then you can already tune in to expecting a baby.

Sleep disturbance

Recently, more and more doctors are inclined to consider sleep disturbances as one of the signs of pregnancy. Insomnia occurs in every second woman expecting a new addition to the family, and is usually associated with hormonal changes occurring in the body. Psychological and pathological causes such a state.

Nausea

One of the earliest, main and most frequently manifested symptoms is nausea. An aversion to food may occur only in the morning or throughout the day, and may alternate with the desire to eat something unusual or not eat at all.

Nausea is often accompanied by vomiting; in this case, a woman must replenish fluid loss and drink more clean water.

If nausea occurs more than 20 times a day, it is advisable to seek the help of a doctor; further monitoring of your health in a hospital may be necessary.

Pain in the lower abdomen

A few days after fertilization, some women may complain of nagging pain in the lower abdomen, which disappears without a trace after 2-3 days. Sometimes pain can be accompanied by scanty bleeding, the duration of which is no more than 2 days. Such signs indicate the body’s adaptation to the presence of an embryo.

Pain in the lower back

For the occurrence of periodic nagging pain Women who are preparing for childbirth for the first time usually complain in the lumbar region. The pain is explained by an increase in the size of the uterus to accommodate the growing embryo and is observed throughout pregnancy.

Migraine

The greatest number of complaints about migraines occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy, and this is explained by an increase in blood volume and abrupt change hormonal background. An attack can begin suddenly from any irritant or load.

Change in appetite

Often the appearance and course of pregnancy is accompanied by a radical change in taste preferences. Once familiar food suddenly seems completely unsuitable and even disgusting, and foods that were never previously consumed in the everyday diet become more in demand.

Some people may experience a constant feeling of hunger from the first days of pregnancy.

Emotionality, irritability

Hormonal changes in a woman against the background of other signs of pregnancy certainly affect emotional sphere: continuous changes in mood, anxiety, rage, irritability - all this is most clearly manifested in the first days and months of pregnancy.

These conditions are natural and temporary.

Sensitivity to odors

Almost all women pay attention to increased sensitivity to odors during early stages pregnancy. There is an opinion that it is this factor that causes nausea and vomiting. The perception of smells develops and proceeds differently for everyone: some react sharply to the aromas of perfumes, others - to foods.

Change in sexual desire

Hormonal changes in the body with the onset of pregnancy can intensify sexual attraction, and be the reason for refusing intimacy.

In the second case, this may be caused by the presence additional signs pregnancy, such as nausea, insomnia, fatigue.

Other signs of pregnancy

These include increased sensitivity of the mammary glands, fever and chills, which change several times a day. IN in rare cases may appear allergic reaction, which did not exist before.

External symptoms and signs

Swelling of the face and limbs

There should be no swelling in the first months. If, however, this phenomenon begins to appear before 20 weeks, this often indicates kidney disease or of cardio-vascular system, the development of which resulted from pregnancy.

In any case, if such signs occur, consultation with a doctor is required.

There is a belief that if a girl develops acne during pregnancy, it is a sure sign of a girl, and if the skin remains clear, we are expecting a boy. Believe it or not, it's up to you personally.

One thing can be stated with obvious certainty: the appearance of acne on the face is one of the first signs of pregnancy, and it is associated with active changes in the hormonal background of the expectant mother.

Bloating

Flatulence, or bloating, is another sign of pregnancy and can appear 7-14 days after conception. But women rarely mention this sign; it begins to manifest itself especially clearly later - with the development of the fetus and the deterioration of intestinal function.

Breast augmentation

From the first weeks, women may notice breast enlargement and complain of pain or tingling in the mammary glands. This can easily be explained by the proliferation of glandular breast tissue and milk ducts, which is caused by an increase in estrogen and progesterone.

Women often pay attention to this physical sign before others.

Darkening of the skin around the nipples

Simultaneously with breast enlargement, changes in the color of the nipples, areola, and the appearance of tubercles around the nipples (Montgomery glands) may be observed. The nipples themselves can react sharply to touch, and women can feel pain and burning.

Facial redness

As a result of intense blood circulation, a blush may appear on the face, which is more often observed in the evening.

Other external signs

Additional signs of the birth of a new life may be an increase in the venous pattern on the chest; in the lower abdomen, a change in the color of the conditional line running from the center of the navel downwards may be possible - it becomes pigmented and gradually darkens.

Physiological and laboratory changes

In addition to subjective symptoms, the presence or absence of pregnancy will help determine physiological signs and laboratory tests.

The main sign by which a woman most often determines that she is pregnant is a delay in menstruation. A slight delay does not indicate the presence of a pregnancy, but if hormonal disorders were not previously observed and there were no psycho-emotional disorders in the recent past, then together with other signs this may confirm the presence of a fetus.

Increase in basal temperature

If in certain time menstruation does not occur, it makes sense to measure the internal (or basal) body temperature when the thermometer is inserted into the rectum for 5 minutes.

In this case, it is necessary to strictly follow the rules, if not followed, you can get incorrect results.

You need to carry out the procedure in the morning, without getting out of bed, and remain as still as possible.
To obtain accurate data on the state of the body, temperature measurements occur over several days at the same time.

If your body temperature exceeds 37 degrees, you should consult a gynecologist. The probability of pregnancy is high.

With the onset of pregnancy, the female body begins to produce a special hormone - human chorionic gonadotropin, produced by fetal tissues. This hormone preserves the fetus and affects the course of pregnancy.

Human chorionic gonadotropin begins to be formed by embryonic cells 7-10 days after fertilization of the egg at the time the embryo attaches to the uterine wall. One of the objective signs of pregnancy is precisely the increase in human chorionic gonadotropin, which can be determined in the blood already on the 6-8th day from the expected conception.

The presence of hCG in the blood above 25 mU/ml indicates the presence of pregnancy; if this indicator is slightly lower, it is needed reanalysis. It is possible to speak unambiguously about the absence of a fetus if the readings are less than 5 mU/ml. Increase hCG indicators lasts up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, then gradually decreases.

HCG analysis is the most precise method determining pregnancy, timing and possible pathologies. To obtain correct analysis results, it is important to follow several rules: it is better to carry out the analysis on the 3-5th day after a missed period or on the 12-14th day after the approximate date of conception; It is advisable not to eat 4-6 hours before the test.

Symptoms of conceiving children of different sexes

More or less reliable information about the sex of the child can be obtained using medical methods.

Ultrasound is a routine examination that is carried out no more than 3 times during 9 months of pregnancy (100% accuracy of the result).
Amyocentesis - analysis associated with puncture amniotic sac, prescribed in case of fear of occurrence genetic disease, may have unpleasant consequences for mother and baby (only for determining the sex of the child, not applicable).
DNA test. Surprisingly, with the help of a DNA test it is possible to determine the sex of the child from the mother’s blood starting from the 40th day of pregnancy (100% certainty).
Gender test. The sex of the child is determined in the same way as pregnancy is determined - using a test at home. It turns out that the sex hormones of the unborn baby are present in the urine of a pregnant woman. When combining urine with the reagent, if the strip turns out to be green, we expect a boy, and orange, a girl (data accuracy is 90%).

In addition to the above methods for determining the gender of a child, for centuries people have tried to guess the gender of the unborn child on their own and came up with signs that were passed down from generation to generation. Some of them have survived to this day and are still used in determining sex.

The earliest signs of pregnancy with a boy

You can expect a boy based on the following signs:

if a woman has an acute stomach, the waist remains at the back;
the baby in the stomach kicks strongly and often;
constant desire to eat salty foods;
swelling of the legs;
clean, smooth skin faces;
The first months of pregnancy are easy.

The first signs of pregnancy with a girl in the early stages

The following signs are relevant:

deterioration of appearance, problems with facial skin;
if the abdomen is encircled, there is no waist from the back;
darkening of the nipple areola;
The first months of pregnancy are difficult.

Conclusion

You can listen to the subjective reasons for pregnancy and assume its presence, but only people can reliably report this physiological changes and medical tests. If you notice the first symptoms of pregnancy, contact a specialist immediately.

Physiological changes in a woman’s body in the first week of pregnancy, the sensations of the expectant mother that occur in most women.

The most sure signs a successful conception is, of course, a test with those long-awaited two lines and the absence of menstruation. But not everyone is ready to wait whole month in order to find out the news about the cherished pregnancy. After all, from the first days you so want to be sure that the beginning of a new life has been successfully made.

Having found one or even several signs in yourself, do not rush to conclusions about early pregnancy. All these symptoms can be caused by completely different reasons that have nothing to do with pregnancy. For example, some symptoms are characteristic of PMS.

Some of these signs appear in the first weeks of pregnancy, but they do not appear all at once, but alternate or do not appear at all. Therefore, many women are not even aware of the pleasant cause of mild malaise.

Nausea. As a rule, it occurs in the first month of pregnancy and usually occurs in the morning, and can develop into vomiting. But each body reacts to early pregnancy in its own way: some happy pregnant women don’t even know what it is, while others, on the contrary, suffer throughout the entire period.
Mood changes. Familiar surroundings Is it annoying, it seems that your family and colleagues deliberately piss you off with their usual behavior? Does your mood change once a minute: an advertisement with a cat brings tears of tenderness, and thirty seconds later you are furious because the coffee is not sweet enough? Are people around you subtly hinting that something is wrong with you? Or are they already talking about it directly? Worth thinking about! Maybe you really are in a “very interesting position”?
Drowsiness, weakness throughout the body. You get enough sleep, don’t get overtired, good mood, but the strength becomes less and less, it can even lead to fainting. Fatigue and malaise can be signs of pregnancy - the body is putting all its efforts into hormonal changes, and this requires a lot of energy.
Swelling of the mammary glands. Among indirect signs pregnancy this is the most indicative. Have your breasts begun to increase in size and become more sensitive to even the lightest touches? This change is observed already from the second week of pregnancy, and a little later the nipples darken.
Frequent urge to go to the toilet. If you start to notice frequent urge to the toilet - this may also indicate early pregnancy. Everything is understandable: the enlarged uterus puts pressure on bladder, hence the desire to go “small”
Changing food habits. We are talking about the well-known cravings of pregnant women for salty or spicy foods. This often indicates an increased need for certain vitamins in the body. If your mouth waters at the sight of pickles, then you need vitamin C; If you crave beer unbearably, then there is a lack of B vitamins. By the way, beer will have to be replaced with black bread, liver, legumes - these products are rich in essential B vitamins.
Change in appetite. Because of nausea and weakness, you don’t feel like eating at all, or, on the contrary, do you empty the refrigerator, eating everything in sight? This could be a sign of pregnancy
Reaction to odors. Many women at a very early stage acquire a simply inhuman sense of smell! Familiar smells become so disgusting to them that they throw away their perfumes, shower gels and creams. Often pregnant women simply choke on cigarette smoke, even if they smoke themselves.
Increased basal temperature. This sign is indirect. Heat maybe after sex, during a period of stress, or it can signal a developing disease in a woman’s body. If your basal temperature rises, you need to make sure that this is a sign of pregnancy and not illness.
Feeling chilly or hot. That feeling when you feel hot or cold several times a day is one of the most striking early signs of pregnancy. Especially if this happens regardless of the air temperature and how warm or lightly you are dressed.
Change in libido. Many women notice noticeable changes sexual activity both in the first month after conception and throughout the entire gestation period. Moreover, both an increase in libido and a complete decrease in sexual desire are characteristic.
Discomfort in a sitting position. Literally in the first days after conception, the woman does not leave strange feeling: getting harder to find comfortable position, sitting even in the softest chair.
Profuse salivation. Excessive salivation is rare and does not accompany every pregnancy, but in some women it can be very pronounced.
Tingling in the uterus. Sometimes slight tingling or pulsation is noticeable in the lower abdomen. These sensations should not be painful.
Lower back pain. A sharp “shooting” pain appears in the lower back, which can sometimes radiate to the legs.
Headaches and migraines. Severe headaches in the first weeks after conception can begin even in those who have previously encountered them in very rare cases.

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External changes

Some changes in a pregnant woman’s body affect her appearance. Of course, the expectant mother herself, accustomed to seeing herself in the mirror every day, does not always notice such changes. But to others they will most likely seem very obvious.

Physiological changes

Failures and disruptions in the functioning of systems and organs always cause concern in a woman. In fact, this may be the body’s first reaction to conception that has occurred.

Some such changes can be recorded by laboratory results.

1 Bloody issues from the vagina. Approximately 7-12 days after conception, slight pinkish or pinkish impurities may appear in normal discharge. yellowish color. This occurs when the embryo implants in the uterine cavity.

2 Growth of the hCG hormone. An increased level of this hormone indicates that pregnancy has actually occurred. You can determine your hCG level by donating blood at any antenatal clinic or clinic.

Tests can give a positive result even before the first missed period:

3 Increased vaginal discharge Increased blood flow in the pelvic organs leads to an increase in vaginal secretion.

4 Thrush. Increased secretion provides excellent conditions for the propagation of Candida fungi - the causative agents of thrush. A characteristic itching appears and curdled discharge. Thrush must be treated in accordance with the doctor's instructions.

5 Reduced immunity. Your body now has a double burden, so your immune forces may fail. Possible runny nose, pharyngitis and others manifestations of mild colds.

All of the above signs and symptoms are relevant for women of all ages. It is worth noting that phlegmatic and balanced women, as a rule, quite rarely notice their body’s first “bells” about pregnancy. And in hot-tempered women with high emotional background signs of successful conception appear much more clearly.

Obvious symptoms are usually observed in cases where the expectant mother is pregnant for the first time. Also women with gynecological diseases, having chronic nature, may experience greater pain in the lower back and tingling in the uterine area.

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Boy or girl? Determining the gender of the child

Interestingly, your condition at the very beginning of pregnancy can indicate the sex of the child:


Extremity temperature	There is a feeling of heat in the legs. In this case, a decreased temperature of the skin is observed.	Feeling of chills when elevated temperature skin.
Appetite	Appetite increases from the first days of conception. There is a desire to eat foods rich in protein (meat, fish).	Decreased appetite or even its complete absence. Light snacks and fruit salads are more preferable.
Mood	Good health, normal performance. Some women may experience a noticeable increase in physical activity.	Frequent mood swings, increased fatigue, confusion of thoughts and actions.
Appearance	Improved skin color and condition, increased hair and nail growth.	Swelling of the face becomes more pronounced, and the skin may become pale.
Nausea	Nausea and vomiting are practically absent. Mild nausea may occur, especially in the morning.	Almost regular morning sickness, sometimes accompanied by vomiting.
Stomach	Rounded preferentially Bottom part belly.