Presentation: "calendar of Orthodox holidays". Lesson summary "Calendar year in Orthodoxy History of the origin and development of the Orthodox calendar presentation
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Purpose: to acquaint with the history of the emergence of Orthodox holidays and their traditions. Tasks: To expand knowledge about the culture of holidays; To educate students in patriotic qualities, spiritual culture; To develop the creative individuality of students, communication skills;
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Expected results: Development of public speaking skills. Mastering the skills of project activities by students. Involving parents in joint activities with children. Expansion of ideas and respect for Orthodox holidays and their traditions.
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Brief annotation. The lesson is aimed at expanding knowledge about Orthodox holidays as part of Christian culture; Students present creative projects completed in groups.
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Themes of students' creative projects. Bright holiday - Christmas. Epiphany. Palm Sunday. Easter.
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Form of holding: theatrical oral magazine. Participants: students, parents, guests, teachers.
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Venue: study room. Equipment: Music center; Audio recordings; suits; Photo; Crafts for children; Holiday postcards; Willow twigs decorated by children; Calendar - notepad with stickers; Orthodox calendar.
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Preliminary preparation. Acquaintance with creative projects of children; recommendations on the choice of forms of presentation of creative projects; Selection of musical accompaniment; Consultations for parents on helping children in the preparation of creative projects; Design of the study room; Details for each holiday (photo exhibition, willow branches, Easter eggs); Preparation by the teacher of gifts for students (calendar - notebook with stickers).
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Many glorious, good holidays are left to us from antiquity. According to the tradition of our great-grandfathers, we must remember them.
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During the classes. I. Opening speech of the teacher. Ringing of bells. Great Orthodox holidays begin with the ringing of bells. There are 12 holidays in the Orthodox calendar. Today we will flip through the pages of the calendar and talk in detail about the most significant holidays for the Orthodox. II. Introduction to the calendar.
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III. Oral journal. Page 1 - Christmas. For two thousand years, we have been celebrating one holiday On our Earth, Christ, the Son of God, was born. Two thousand years Carried away like a river of water. His quiet light Forever with me and with you. Students defend the project "Christmas" History of the holiday; Costumed, theatrical performance.
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2 Page - Baptism of the Lord. About the Baptism of the Lord We tell you today! May heaven smile when sins are forgiven! The candles are burning brighter, And it will be a good evening! Students defend the project "Baptism of the Lord": - the history of the holiday; - Photo essay.
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Page 3 Palm Sunday. The road is decorated with clothes and palm trees. What rejoicing! What a blessing! Solemnly with glory, the people of God meet, so that later He ... to be crucified! E. Sanin Students defend the project "Palm Sunday": dance "Verbochki"; History of the holiday; exhibition of decorated willows, appliqué.
The Orthodox calendar allows Christians to remember the events of Holy History by participating in divine services. The greatest Christian holiday is the Resurrection of Christ - Easter. It is called the feast of feasts and the triumph of feasts. It is so great that it is not included in the number of twelve - it stands above all holidays. Christian holidays are church holidays. The church calendar determines not only the days of veneration of saints, but also the days of family holidays (the day of baptism), commemoration of deceased relatives. Christians also celebrate the day of their heavenly patron (the saint whose name they received at baptism) - name day.
Celebrating the Nativity of Christ For Christians, Christmas is one of the most joyful and important holidays. In order to meet the holiday with dignity, Christians prepare for it in advance with the Advent Lent (November 28 to January 6). They try to devote more than usual time and energy to doing good deeds. Christmas is especially solemnly celebrated in the temple. In Rus', the holiday began with a visit by the whole family to a beautiful festive service. It was performed in the evening and was called Vespers.
The celebration of the Nativity of Christ The temple on this day was decorated with Christmas trees. At the Christmas service, the priests put on beautiful robes - snow-white robes. All lamps are lit. A festive chant sounds: “Glory to God in the highest (in heaven) and on earth (on earth) peace, in people (in people) goodwill (God’s love)!” People praise God with church hymns (thanks)
Celebration of the Nativity of Christ A few days before Christmas, a Christmas tree was put up in the houses. She was dressed up with multi-colored toys, garlands of candy, pink sweet gingerbread, which were hung at the very bottom. These days they built a nativity scene (cave) from snow, similar to the cave that sheltered the Holy Family - the Divine Infant, Mary and Joseph, glorified Christ with carols. People who praised Christ, sang carols (carols), were called Christoslavs.
Celebration of the Nativity of Christ The holy days that come with the advent of the feast of the Nativity of Christ are called Christmas time by Christians. In Rus', it was customary on the first day of Christmas time, first of all, to remember the poor, to help them (alms). And on the second day, a festive table was laid for them in each family. At Christmas, children were given gifts. QUESTIONS How do Christians prepare for the celebration of the Nativity of Christ? What happens at Christmas in the temple? With what words do they glorify the born Christ in the temple? What do the words mean: all-night service, vestments, lampada.
MKOU "Peskovskaya school No. 2 named after D.A. Teplyakov"
Lesson summary on ODNA
"Calendar year in Orthodoxy"
Prepared and conducted
Tyunina N.E.
2016-2017
Goals :
Development of the ability to analyze and summarize information.
Development of communication skills.
Familiarity with different types of calendars.
Tasks :
Development of the spiritual and moral basis of the individual
Comprehension and concretization of the spiritual and moral categories provided for by the program
Equipment :
Presentation "Calendar year in Orthodoxy", handout, various types of calendars.
During the classes
Organizing time
Homework control
At the blackboard
Match the parts of the Orthodox Church
translate the word
Bible
Gospel
Covenant
Temple
Church
Jesus
Christ
Find the mistakes that the master made in the manufacture of the Orthodox cross and correct them.
Define the term:
Calvary
Prayer (types of prayers)
Saints (name famous saints)
Apostles (names of apostles)
Prophets (famous prophets)
Fresco
icon painter
Name the saints that are depicted on the icon and say how they are associated with the chamomile flower 
The family in Orthodoxy is considered to be a small church. A family should be built on love, mutual understanding, trust and forgiveness. Before you is a reproduction of Rembrandt's painting "The Return of the Prodigal Son". Remember this Bible story and say, “Did the father forgive his son or not, and why?”
An excerpt from a prayer
“…. And forgive us our debts, as we also forgive our debtors….
Communication of new knowledge
The calendar-It is a system for counting the days of the year.
The whole year is divided into 12 months, months into 4 weeks, 7 days in a week. 2 colors are used. Black - ordinary days, red - public holidays, when we do not study, do not work.
Orthodox calendar - a calendar that shows Orthodox holidays, days of fasting and days of commemoration of the dead.
What is a post?
Fast - this is abstinence from fast (fatty) food, entertainment events.
4 main posts of the year:
Christmas
Easter
Petrovsky
Dormition + fasting days Wednesday and Friday
Total: 188 fast days in a year.
To fast or not is everyone's business.
We look at the Orthodox calendar. The first holiday marked in red -Jan. 7 - Nativity
The Nativity of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ is one of the most important Christian holidays and a public holiday in more than 100 countries around the world. In Orthodoxy, Christmas is celebrated on January 7 (unlike Catholics, who celebrate this holiday on December 25), is one of the twelfth holidays and is preceded by the Christmas fast. This great holiday is set to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ. On this day, an unprecedented event took place in the small town of Bethlehem - the Divine Infant, the Son of God, was born into the world. Jesus Christ was born supernaturally from the Virgin Mary, Mother of God. Coming to earth, Christ was not met with honor, nobility and wealth. He did not even have a cradle, like all children, there was no shelter - He was born outside the city, in a cave and was placed in a manger where they put food for animals. The first guests of the divine baby were not kings and nobles, but simple shepherds, to whom an angel announced the Nativity of Christ: “I proclaim to you great joy that will be for all people: for now a Savior has been born to you in the city of David, who is Christ the Lord! And here is a sign for you: you will find a baby in swaddling clothes, lying in a manger” (Luke 2:10-12). The shepherds were the first to hasten to bow to the newborn Savior. At this time, with gifts to the King of the World, the Magi (ancient sages) from the east came. They were waiting for the great King of the World to come to earth soon, and a wonderful star showed them the way to Jerusalem. The Magi brought gifts to the Child: gold, frankincense and myrrh. These gifts had a deep meaning: they brought gold as a tribute to the Tsar, frankincense as to God, and myrrh as to a person who should die (myrrh was anointed in those distant times for the dead). But was the born Christ really welcomed in this way? The Holy Church sings that all of God's creation met the Savior: the angels brought Him singing, the Magi brought gifts, the shepherds met the Child, the earth prepared a cave-nativity scene, and the Virgin Mary became the Mother of the Lord. The Nativity of Christ completes the forty-day Advent fast (Holy Fortecost), on the eve of the holiday a strict fast is observed. On the night of January 6-7, Christmas services are held in Orthodox churches. After Christmas, Christmas time comes - holy days or 12 days during which the holiday is celebrated.
Since ancient times, Christmas has been a favorite holiday for both adults and children. They go caroling .
Who knows carols
Celebrate, have fun
Good people with me!
And clothe yourself with delight
Now the joys of the saint
Now God is born in the world
God of gods and king of kings
He was not born in mansions
And not in stone houses
He was born in a poor manger
swaddled in a veil
Celebrate, have fun
Good people are with me.
Many stories and fairy tales are written on the plots associated with the celebration of Christmas, they are called Christmas.
Leskov, Dostoevsky, Chekhov, Kuprin.
One of the most famous Christmas tales is the fairy tale of the German writer E.T. Hoffmann "The Nutcracker and the Mouse King", its events begin on Christmas Eve - the eve of the holiday.
January 19 - Epiphany
The Baptism of the Lord, or Epiphany, is celebrated by the Orthodox Church on January 19 in a new style. On the eve of the holiday, January 18, a strict fast was established. The feast of the Baptism of the Lord is one of the most ancient holidays of the Christian Church. Its establishment dates back to the time of the apostles. The ancient name of the holiday is "Epiphany" - a phenomenon, or "Theophany" - Epiphany, it was also called the "Feast of Lights", "Holy Lights" or simply "Lights". For God comes into the world on this day to reveal to the world the Light of Impenetrable. All four Gospels testify to this. “And it came to pass in those days that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized by John in the Jordan. And as he was coming out of the water, immediately John saw the heavens open, and the Spirit, like a dove, descending upon Him. And a voice came from heaven: “You are my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased” (Mark 1:9-11). The word "I baptize", "I baptize" in Greek means "I immerse in water." One cannot understand the meaning and importance of baptism without first understanding the symbolic and real meaning of water in the Old Testament. Water is the beginning of life. It is from the water fertilized by the life-giving Spirit that all living beings will come. Where there is no water, there is desert. But water can both destroy and annihilate, just as God flooded sins and destroyed human evil with the water of the great flood. In memory of the fact that the Savior sanctified the water with His Baptism, there is a blessing of water; on the eve of the holiday, water is consecrated in churches, on the very feast of the Epiphany - in rivers or other places where water is taken. Procession to the Jordan is a procession for the consecration of natural reservoirs. Water - the beginning of life Baptism of John was symbolic and meant that as the body is washed and cleansed by water, so the soul of a person who repents and believes in the Savior will be cleansed of all sins by Christ.
It is believed that consecrated water does not deteriorate for a long time and has a special power for believers.
April 7- Annunciation
The Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary is a bright Christian holiday, which the Orthodox Church celebrates on April 7 (according to the new style), and in Orthodoxy it is one of the twelve holidays. In ancient times, the feast of the Annunciation was given different names: the conception of Christ, the Annunciation of Christ, the Beginning of Redemption, the Annunciation of the Angel of Mary. About where and how the feast of the Annunciation first appeared, nothing is known. It is only known that in 560 the emperor Justinian indicated the date of the celebration of the Annunciation - March 25 (April 7, according to a new style). The name of the holiday - the Annunciation - conveys the main meaning of the event associated with it: the announcement to the Virgin Mary of the good news about the conception and birth of the Divine Infant Christ by Her. This holiday belongs to the twelfth non-passing holidays and is celebrated every year on the same April day. A. Rublev "The Annunciation" (1405) Andrei Rublev's masterpiece can be considered the main icon of the holiday: an angel descends to the Virgin to announce to her the "Good News". Archangel Gabriel brought the biggest news to the Virgin Mary - the Son of God becomes the Son of man. The prophecy of Isaiah is being fulfilled, the Mother of God responds with consent to the angel's message: "Let it be to me according to your word." Without this voluntary consent, God could not have become a man. He could not be incarnated, since God does not act by force, does not force us to do anything. Man is given complete freedom to respond to God with consent and love. Church Tradition says that at the moment when the Archangel Gabriel appeared to the Virgin Mary, she was reading the book of the prophet Isaiah, just those words about the birth of the Messiah. “I am ready to become the last servant of the one who will be honored to give birth to the Messiah,” she thought. Some ancient customs are associated with the Annunciation among the people. They say that on the Annunciation “the bird does not nest, the maiden does not weave braids”, that is, any work is considered a sin. The celebration of the Annunciation is not postponed even on the day of Easter, if these holidays coincide, and if this celebration falls on the days of fasting, then fasting is weakened. According to the Church Charter, on this day the eating of fish and oil is blessed.
October 14-Protection of the Holy Mother of God
The great holiday of the Russian Orthodox Church - the Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos and Ever-Virgin Mary is celebrated annually on October 14 according to the new style (October 1 - according to the old one). This is the main autumn holiday, the history of which dates back to 910, the period when the Byzantine Empire was at war with the Saracens. On this day in Constantinople (to which the Muslims had already come close), in the Blachernae Church, where the robe of the Mother of God was kept, during the service, the holy fool Andrew and his disciple Epiphanius saw the Mother of God hovering in the air, which spread her wide white veil over the worshipers - the cover. ... On Sunday, during the all-night vigil, when the temple was overflowing with worshipers, Saint Andrew, a fool for Christ, at four o'clock in the morning, raising his eyes to heaven, saw Our Most Holy Lady Theotokos walking through the air, illuminated by heavenly light and surrounded by angels and host of saints. The Holy Baptist of the Lord John and the holy Apostle John the Theologian accompanied the Queen of Heaven. Kneeling down, the Blessed Virgin began to pray for the Christians with tears and remained in prayer for a long time. Then, approaching the Throne, she continued Her prayer, after which She removed the veil from Her head and spread it over the people praying in the temple, protecting them from enemies, visible and invisible. The Most Holy Lady shone with heavenly glory, and the veil in Her hands shone “more than the rays of the sun.” Saint Andrew contemplated the wondrous vision with trepidation and asked his disciple, blessed Epiphanius, standing next to him: “Do you see, brother, the Queen and Lady praying for the whole world?” Epiphanius replied: “I see, holy father, and I am horrified.” Protection of the Most Holy Theotokos The Most Blessed Mother of God asked the Lord Jesus Christ to accept the prayers of all people who call on His Most Holy Name and resort to Her intercession. “King of Heaven,” the All-Immaculate Queen, standing in the air from the Angels, said in prayer in the air, “accept every person who prays to You and calls on My Name for help, so that thin and unheard will not depart from My Face.” Saints Andrew and Epiphanius, who were honored to contemplate the praying Mother of God, “for a long time looked at the veil spread over the people and at the glory of the Lord shining like lightning; as long as the Most Holy Theotokos was there, apparently there was also a veil; after Her departure, it also became invisible, but, taking it with Her, She left the grace that was there. The wondrous appearance of the Mother of God, covering the Christians, encouraged and consoled the Greeks, having gathered their last strength, they defeated the Saracens. In the Blachernae Church, the memory of the appearance of the Mother of God has been preserved. In the 14th century, the Russian pilgrim clerk Alexander saw in the church an icon of the Most Holy Theotokos praying for the world, painted the way St. Andrew contemplated Her. But the Greek Church does not know this holiday. In Rus', weddings began from Pokrov Day, and the girls went to church that day to pray that the Lord would send them good suitors. A popular belief suggests that the more snow on Pokrov, the more weddings this year will be.
The Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, which belongs to the Twelve, is celebrated on August 15 according to the old style (August 28 according to the new style). On this day, the Holy Church commemorates the righteous death of the Mother of God - an event colored at the same time by sadness about the end of the life path of the Representative for the human race and joy about the union of the Most Pure Mother of the Lord with Her Son. We know about the earthly life of the Most Holy Theotokos after the death of the Cross and the Resurrection of the Savior from the Holy Traditions. Up to the time of the persecution initiated by Herod against the Church, the Blessed Virgin stayed in Jerusalem, then moved with the Apostle John the Theologian to Ephesus. Living here, She visited the righteous Lazarus in Cyprus and Mount Athos, which she blessed as Her destiny. Shortly before her death, the Mother of God returned to Jerusalem. Here, the Ever-Virgin often stayed in those places with which the most important events in the life of Her Divine Son are connected: Bethlehem, Golgotha, the Holy Sepulcher, Gethsemane, Eleon. There she prayed fervently. According to legend, the Jews attempted to kill Her, for which, by order of the high priests, guards were placed at the Holy Sepulcher, but at the right moment, the soldiers lost their sight, and they could not see the Virgin. three days later, he died and presented a luminous branch of paradise - a symbol of victory over death and corruption. The Most Holy Theotokos told the Apostle John the Theologian about what had happened, and he informed the Apostle James, the brother of the Lord, and through him the entire Church of Jerusalem, in which the tradition of the Dormition of the Mother of God was preserved. Before her death, the Theotokos bequeathed Her meager property to the widows who served Her and ordered Herself to be buried in Gethsemane, next to the graves of Her righteous parents and righteous Joseph the Betrothed.
On the day of the Dormition of the Theotokos, in a miraculous way in Jerusalem almost all the apostles were gathered to say goodbye to Her, who had previously dispersed to different countries with the mission of preaching the Word of God. The Apostle Paul arrived later than everyone else. Only the Apostle Thomas was absent. Suddenly, an unspeakable light shone, darkening the lamps; the roof of the upper room was opened, and Christ Himself descended with many angels. The Most Holy Theotokos turned to the Lord with a prayer of thanksgiving and asked to bless all those who honor Her memory. She also prayed to His Son to protect Her from the dark satanic power, from air ordeals. Then the Mother of God joyfully gave Her soul into the hands of the Lord, and immediately angelic singing was heard.
From Her fragrant body, the sick immediately began to receive healing. The solemn transfer of the Most Pure Body from Jerusalem to Gethsemane began. Peter, Paul and James, along with the other apostles, carried the bed of the Mother of God on the shoulders. The Apostle Peter began singing the psalm "In the Exodus of Israel from Egypt", solemn hymns sounded. Above the bed appeared a cloudy circle in the form of a crown, illuminated by radiance. This crown floated over the procession to the very place of burial. The procession was followed by Jews who did not believe in Christ. The high priests sent their servants to disperse the procession, kill the apostles and burn the body of the Mother of God, but the angels struck the blasphemers with blindness. The Jewish priest Athos (according to other legends, Jephonius or Zephaniah), who tried to overturn the bed of the Virgin, was punished by an angel who cut off his hands, and received healing only after sincere repentance. Those who repented from the blind also received their sight. For three days the apostles stayed at the tomb of the Mother of God, singing psalms. Angelic singing was constantly heard in the air. As St. Philaret of Moscow says, the apostles received complete and perfect consolation “when on the third day after Her Dormition, for the sake of Thomas, who was late for Her burial, having opened Her coffin, they did not find Her most pure body, and after that they saw Her in the glory of the resurrection and from Her herself they heard a word of consolation: "Rejoice, for I am with you all the days." The body of the Mother of God was taken up to heaven.
The Church calls the death of the Mother of God the Assumption, and not death, because death, as the return of her dust to the earth, and the spirit to God, "Who gave him," did not touch our Blessed Intercessor. “The laws of nature are defeated in You, Pure Virgin,” the Holy Church sings in the troparion of the holiday, “virginity is preserved in birth, and life is combined with death: remaining a Virgin after birth and Living after death, You always save, Mother of God, Your inheritance.” She only fell asleep in order to awaken at the same moment to an eternally blessed life and after three days with an incorruptible body to move into a heavenly incorruptible dwelling. She fell asleep with a sweet sleep after the heavy wakefulness of Her much-sorrowful life and “passed away to the Life”, that is, the Source of Life, as the Mother of Life, delivering the souls of earthly people from death by Her prayers, instilling in them with Her Dormition a foretaste of eternal life.
Fixing the material
Homework - Paragraph 14
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Purpose: to acquaint with the history of the emergence of Orthodox holidays and their traditions.
Tasks: To expand knowledge about the culture of holidays; To educate students in patriotic qualities, spiritual culture; To develop the creative individuality of students, communication skills;
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Expected results:
Development of public speaking skills. Mastering the skills of project activities by students. Involving parents in joint activities with children. Expansion of ideas and respect for Orthodox holidays and their traditions.
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Brief annotation.
The lesson is aimed at expanding knowledge about Orthodox holidays as part of Christian culture; Students present creative projects completed in groups.
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Themes of students' creative projects.
Bright holiday - Christmas. Epiphany. Palm Sunday. Easter.
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Conduct form:
theatrical oral journal. Participants: students, parents, guests, teachers.
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Location:
study room. Equipment: Music center; Audio recordings; suits; Photo; Crafts for children; Holiday postcards; Willow twigs decorated by children; Calendar - notepad with stickers; Orthodox calendar.
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Preliminary preparation.
Acquaintance with creative projects of children; recommendations on the choice of forms of presentation of creative projects; Selection of musical accompaniment; Consultations for parents on helping children in the preparation of creative projects; Design of the study room; Details for each holiday (photo exhibition, willow branches, Easter eggs); Preparation by the teacher of gifts for students (calendar - notebook with stickers).
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III. Oral journal.
Page 1 - Christmas. For two thousand years, we have been celebrating one holiday On our Earth, Christ, the Son of God, was born. Two thousand years Carried away like a river of water. His quiet light Forever with me and with you. Students defend the project "Christmas" History of the holiday; Costumed, theatrical performance.
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2 Page - Baptism of the Lord.
About the Baptism of the Lord We tell you today! May heaven smile when sins are forgiven! The candles are burning brighter, And it will be a good evening! Students defend the project "Baptism of the Lord": - the history of the holiday; - Photo essay.
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Page 3 Palm Sunday.
The road is decorated with clothes and palm trees. What rejoicing! What a blessing! Solemnly with glory, the people of God meet, so that later He ... to be crucified! E. Sanin Students defend the project "Palm Sunday": dance "Verbochki"; History of the holiday; exhibition of decorated willows, appliqué.
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On Palm Sunday, the willow blossomed From the ray of spring, the first heat!
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4 page - Easter
Christ is risen! Easter bells are singing, bells are ringing ... Spring is coming in a green crown, Fragrant and bright ... Students defend the Easter project: The history of the holiday; Traditional Easter treats (eggs, Easter cake, Easter); Issuance of recipes for Easter dishes; Creative exhibition of Easter eggs.
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We can do everything ourselves!
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Summarizing
Dear Guys! We thank you for your creative presentations. You managed to tell us about Orthodox holidays, their history and traditions. We wish you to keep in your heart the beauty of folk Russian traditions, the joy of the soul, which was characteristic of us. And now, according to Russian custom - tea! Children are given holiday cards, notebooks - calendars with stickers of Orthodox holidays (children write down their impressions of the holidays)
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Creative success to you!
Thank you for your attention!
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Description of the presentation on individual slides:
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ORTHODOX HOLIDAYS AND CALENDAR Prepared by: primary school teacher GBOU School No. 2057 Vznuzdaeva Natalia Alexandrovna 2014-2015 academic year Fundamentals of religious cultures and secular ethics Module: Fundamentals of world religious cultures
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ORTHODOX CALENDAR At its core, the Orthodox Church Paschal calendar consists of two parts: MOBILE FIXED The fixed part of the church calendar is the Julian calendar, diverging by 13 days from the Gregorian. Holidays of the fixed part of the calendar have a fixed date, each holiday is celebrated on the same day every year. . The movable part of the church calendar moves along with the date of Easter, which changes from year to year. The very date of the celebration of Easter is determined according to the lunar calendar and a number of additional dogmatic factors (do not celebrate Easter with the Jews, celebrate Easter only after the spring equinox, celebrate Easter only after the first spring full moon). All holidays with variable dates are counted from Easter and move in the time of the "secular" calendar along with it. Thus, both parts of the Easter calendar (movable and fixed) together determine the calendar of Orthodox holidays.
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The history of Orthodox holidays goes back to the times of the Old Testament. Orthodox holidays are also adjacent, originating in the New Testament time. Each of the Orthodox holidays is dedicated to the memory of the most important events in the life of Jesus Christ and the Mother of God, as well as the memory of saints. ORIGINS OF ORTHODOX HOLIDAYS
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Recognizing holidays as useful from the point of view of piety, the Church has always given their celebration a solemn character, while the celebration of the sacrament of the Eucharist or communion of the Holy Mysteries was considered a necessary condition. In accordance with this, the whole life of Christians on holidays was arranged: they freed themselves from worldly activities and labors, did not arrange noisy entertainments, feasts, but sanctified them with good deeds for the benefit of the Church and the poor.
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WHAT ARE THE ORTHODOX HOLIDAYS The most significant events for an Orthodox Christian are the Twelfth Feasts and the Great Feasts. The Orthodox Church celebrates holidays according to the "old style", which differs by 13 days. ORTHODOX HOLIDAYS Easter (Bright Sunday of Christ) Twelfth non-passing feasts January 7 - Nativity of Christ January 19 - Baptism of the Lord (Holy Theophany) February 15 - Meeting of the Lord April 7 - Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary August 19 - Transfiguration of the Lord August 28 - Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary September 21 - Nativity of the Most Holy Theotokos September 27 - Exaltation of the Cross of the Lord December 4 - Entry into the Temple of the Most Holy Theotokos Twelfth movable feasts Entry of the Lord into Jerusalem (Palm Sunday) Ascension of the Lord Holy Trinity Day (Pentecost) Great feasts with a fixed date January 14 - Circumcision of the Lord July 7 - Christmas John the Baptist July 12 - Feast of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul September 11 - Beheading of John the Baptist October 14 - Protection of the Most Holy
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THE MAIN HOLIDAYS OF CHRISTIANITY The main holidays of Christians are associated with the events of the life of Jesus Christ - this is Christmas (Jesus' birthday) and the Resurrection of Christ - Easter.
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Believers prepare for these two holidays by observing many days of fasting. Fasting before Christmas is called Christmas, before Easter - Great. Usually, during fasting, many Christians do not eat meat and dairy foods, and refrain from entertainment. But abstinence from food is not the main thing, it should only help a person become better, help the believer in working on himself.
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EASTER The week before Easter is called Holy Week. These days, the last days of Jesus Christ, spent by him in Jerusalem, his sermon, the Last Supper (dinner) with the disciples, the arrest and crucifixion (Good Friday) are remembered. Easter always falls on a Sunday. Her worship takes place at night. It opens with a solemn procession around the temple, followed by Matins and Liturgy. The whole following week is called Easter or bright.
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EASTER RITES Preparation for Easter takes place during Holy Week and ends on Great Saturday with the preparation of festive food - Easter cakes, curd Easter and painted eggs. The food is carried to the church, where it is blessed during the service.
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The symbol of Easter Easter egg is a painted egg. According to Christian ideas, the Easter egg symbolizes life, the victory of life over death, and its red color recalls the blood of Christ, which was shed to save people. The eggs consecrated in the church were eaten first when, upon returning from the all-night service, the festive feast began.
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