We make yarn overs on knitting needles. MK

There are regular and reverse yarn overs. Most often, a regular yarn over is used. Reverse yarn over is used less often.

A regular yarn over is done like this: the end of the right knitting needle is brought from left to right under the working thread and the knitting needle is turned together with the yarn over to its original position (Fig. 11), thus forming a new additional loop in the row being performed, which is called a yarn over.

How to do

The peculiarity of the yarn over is that this loop is not connected to the loop of the underlying row, so an openwork loop appears in the fabric between two columns of loops. If the yarn over in the next row is not knitted together with another loop, then it becomes the beginning of a new column of loops.

When a knit stitch comes after the yarn over, it is knitted in the usual way, without any difficulty. If the yarn over is followed by a purl loop, then to prevent the yarn over from slipping off the knitting needle, you have to hold it with the index finger of your right hand. The purl loop is knitted in the usual way.
Most often, in the next row the yarn over is knitted with a purl loop. To do this, thread the end of the right knitting needle into the yarn over loop from right to left, from back to front, towards you (Fig. 12) and knit the purl loop.

Rice. 12. Knitting a purl loop from a yarn over

If the end of the right knitting needle is inserted into the loop incorrectly, then the lace loop required from the yarn over will not work.

Some openwork knitting patterns require making several yarn overs in a row. Then the required number of yarn overs are cast on the right knitting needle using the same technique as described above. The reverse yarn over is performed as follows. With the end of the right knitting needle, grab the working thread from top to right to left, towards you (Fig. 13).

Rice. 13. Reverse yarn over

Usually, after a reverse yarn over, the next loop is removed without knitting, and so that the end of the right knitting needle, on which the reverse yarn over hangs, passes into the loop from right to left, from back to front.

Elongated loops with yarn overs

There are several ways to knit elongated loops with crochets.
First way.
Before the loop taken according to the pattern, yarn over the first knitting needle a(Fig. 1), after which the knitting needle is threaded from front to back into the loop b(Fig. 2) and the last one is removed from the left to the right knitting needle.

Rice. 1. Yarn over

Rice. 2. Transfer the removed loop to the right needle

If you remove a purl loop, then the knitting needle must be inserted from back to front, also having first made a yarn over.
Where the loop of the previous row is removed, a new loop is not knitted through it, but a yarn over is made in this place, which is located in front or behind this loop. Therefore, such loops are called unknitted, or elongated with yarn overs.

Second way.

Remove the loop taken in accordance with the pattern without knitting from the left to the right knitting needle, and the thread going from the previous loop to the next is left in the form of a straight segment behind the unknitted loop.
In the next row, when knitting an elongated loop, the right knitting needle is inserted under a piece of thread A and into the loop b(Fig. 3), grab the working thread and pull it back.

Rice. 3. Inserting a knitting needle into a loop and under a piece of thread

If you need to knit a knit stitch, then the knitting needle must be inserted from back to front under a piece of thread and into the elongated loop.
With this method of knitting, the loops of the rows from which the yarn over comes are pulled together somewhat more. When forming each new row, you can remove the same loops, without knitting them and making a yarn over before each time, up to five to seven times.
When composing a pattern, you should remember that if you remove a loop once without knitting, it will take 2 rows in height, and there will be 1 yarn over before or behind it. If you remove the loop twice, it will take 3 rows, and there will be 2 yarn overs behind it (Fig. 4).

Rice. 4. Knitting an elongated loop with yarn overs

How many times we remove the loop without knitting, so many yarn overs will be obtained, and the number of rows occupied by it will be one more than the number of yarn overs.
When knitting removed loops with yarn overs, the arms of the yarn overs are always placed on the wrong side of the knitted loop. The ends of the yarn overs, connecting the arms with the loops, can be brought out to the other side of the pattern.
The technique of knitting yarn overs when knitting a new knit stitch is shown in Fig. 4. The knitting needle is inserted from front to back under all the yarn overs and the previously unknitted loop A, grab the working thread and form a new loop b, pulling the thread forward. In this case, all yarn overs are placed in a bunch behind the elongated loop.
When knitting a purl loop b(Fig. 5) by pulling it through an extended loop A with yarn overs, the right knitting needle is inserted from back to front under all yarn overs and into the loop A, throw on the working thread and pull it from front to back, and the yarn overs are again located on the wrong side.

If you want the ends of the yarn overs to be visible from the front side of the loops, then the adjacent loops are knitted inside out or the yarn overs are placed behind only one middle loop from a group of unknitted loops.
Yarns gathered behind one loop and placed in a fan on the front side on both sides of the loop form a bow (Fig. 6).

Rice. 6. Bow pattern

When knitting such patterns, at the place where the bow is formed, several loops in a row are removed without knitting, without making yarn overs in front of them, and the thread is left on the front side of the removed loops. Then (Fig. 7) a regular knit stitch is knitted through loop 1.

Rice. 7. Weaving pattern of the “bows” pattern

When knitting a loop 2 the knitting needle is inserted into it from front to back under all the segments, the working thread is grabbed and pulled to the front side of the loop 2 . Next loop 3 knit in the usual manner.
Sometimes in the same row several unknitted loops are made in a row, and all the yarn overs formed in front of them should be behind these loops (Fig. 8).

Rice. 8. Weave with several elongated loops

In this case, when knitting each elongated loop, the knitting needle is always inserted under the yarn over and into the loop.
In Fig. Figure 9 shows that loop 1 is slipped onto the right needle and a yarn over is made in front of it A. In addition, a yarn over is made on the same knitting needle b and the loop must also be removed 2 .

Rice. 9. Removing loops when making elongated loops with yarn overs located in a row

In Fig. 10 shows the moment of knitting a loop 2 : the knitting needle is inserted from front to back into this loop and under the yarn over b, grab a new thread and drag it forward, and the left knitting needle is pushed away with the index finger of the right hand until the loop comes off it 2 and yarn over b.
Knit the next extended loop in the same way. 1 double crochet A.

Rice. 10. Knitting an elongated loop with a crochet

By combining unknitted loops with yarn overs and regular loops, you can obtain shaded, relief patterns and patterns that imitate openwork.
Shade patterns are obtained by knitting silk products. Since elongated and regular loops reflect light differently, the areas occupied by small loops appear darker than the areas occupied by large ones.
Relief patterns will be obtained if the unknitted loops with yarn overs are arranged in a checkerboard pattern. In this case, sections of regular loops located between the unknitted ones form a small bulge on the right side. To obtain a convex circle, the loops must be removed without knitting up to five to six times; this will greatly tighten the loops of the outermost columns of the area, forming a convexity.
In Fig. 11 is given a cartridge with a relief pattern shown in Fig. 12.

Rice. 11. Pattern cartridge

Rice. 12. A pattern of undone loops with yarn overs on a background of regular loops

Imitation of openwork patterns is achieved by placing unknitted loops with yarn overs on a background of regular loops. Elongated loops form gaps.
In Fig. 13 schematically shows the interlacing of the pattern shown in Fig. 14, where all yarn overs are located only on the right side of the knitting.

Rice. 13. Weaving pattern of the pattern in Fig. 14.

Rice. 14. A pattern in which the yarn overs are located on the right side of the knitting

The loops are cast on crosswise, one row is knitted on the front side, then another row is knitted on the left side: 1 purl, 1 is removed and a yarn over is made in front of it. It is very important to make the yarn over correctly: the thread is on the right side of the knitting, we hook it from below with the right knitting needle so that it lies on half of the knitting needle, and insert the right knitting needle under the first loop on the left knitting needle, remove this loop. Thus, it should turn out that the working thread runs along the right side of the knitting. This results in a two-layer knit.
Then they begin to repeat the pattern.
Row 1. Knit stitches are knitted through all the loops of the previous row, and the yarn overs are removed onto the right knitting needle without knitting. That is, if you look in order: above the back. p. we knit with facial loops, then there is a facial loop with a double crochet, which is located on the knitting needle after the knitting stitches. loops, faces We knit a loop, and remove the yarn over from the left knitting needle to the right one.
Row 2. Single crochet stitches are removed without knitting, and a yarn over is made in front of them, and knit stitches are knitted through the double crochet stitches. Pay attention to how to do the yarn over correctly (described above)!
Next, continue to knit all odd rows like the 1st row, all even rows like the 2nd.

If you knit yarn overs incorrectly:

Rice. 15. Pattern obtained when yarn overs are performed incorrectly

You can get something like openwork knitting. In the event that a yarn over is made in front of the loop, which is an independent loop and is not located above. This way, on the purl row, two stitches are knitted together, rather than a stitch with a crochet over it.

Rice. 16. Pattern obtained when yarn overs are performed incorrectly

This is what the fabric looks like if the yarn overs are knitted on the left side. That is, when knitting the front row, first knit the yarn over, and then the knits. the loop over which this yarn over is located.

Next, we will consider smooth double-sided knitting with untethered loops and yarn overs. This knitting turns out to be double thickness and is done like an eraser, i.e., with a combination of knit stitches and purl stitches.
Considering the interweaving of the pattern (Fig. 17), shown schematically in Fig. 18, we see the same alternation of loop stitches, but after each loop of the stitch there is another yarn over.

Rice. 17. Smooth double-sided knitting pattern with unknitted loops and yarn overs

Rice. 18. Schematic representation of the pattern in Fig. 17.

This weave is knitted as follows: the initial row is performed, as usual, on two knitting needles by throwing it crosswise. The next row is knitted like an eraser 1 + 1, i.e. one purl loop A alternates with one front loop b.
When knitting the third and subsequent rows, the thread is placed on the right knitting needle from front to back and the loop facing the knitter is removed from the left knitting needle. The right needle is inserted from front to back into the next loop, the working thread is grabbed and pulled from back to front, forming a knit stitch. Yarn over again, remove the next loop facing the knitter, etc. If this weave is used for circular knitting, for example, for sports stockings, then yarn over in the first row in front of the front loops and remove them without knitting, but through the purl loops knit new purl loops.
When knitting the second row, yarn over before the purl loops and remove them without knitting, and new knit loops are knitted through the knit stitches.

The concept of “yarn over” exists in both knitting and crocheting. Let's look at both of these cases in more detail.

Knitting a yarn over on knitting needles

Yarn overs are often used when knitting. They are indispensable when knitting various patterns, adding or lengthening loops. It is thanks to the yarn overs that holes are formed, giving lightness and unique elegance to the openwork fabric. There are 2 types of yarn overs. The most commonly used method is “yarn over yourself.” In rare cases, a “pull yarn over” is used, otherwise called a “reverse yarn over”. To get a yarn over, use your right knitting needle to pick up the working thread lying on the index finger of your left hand (in other words, “towards you”). When knitting the next loops, the resulting yarn overs are held with the index finger on the right hand. When knitting complex openwork patterns, it is often necessary to knit several yarn overs at the same time. This technique is called the “double yarn over.”

By turning your right knitting needle clockwise and picking up the working thread, you get a yarn over from top left to right, which is knitted using the “pull” method. This type of yarn over is used extremely rarely, since patterns with such a yarn over often turn out distorted. When you yarn over in reverse, you get very large holes in the pattern.

Straight yarn over is used to lengthen or add loops, openwork patterns, and English elastic bands. If the pattern requires a knit stitch after the yarn over, knitting it will not be difficult, but when the purl loop follows the yarn over, you need to hold it with your hand so that it does not slip off the knitting needle. If, after completing the yarn over, it is necessary to remove the loop, the knitting needle is inserted as when performing an edge loop - from left to right.

Crochet yarn over

The yarn over in crocheting is very similar to the yarn over in knitting. Crocheting is based on making various stitches, but the yarn over is one of the most important elements of this beautiful openwork knitting. The double crochet corresponds to 3 lifting loops. When making a yarn over, throw the thread onto the hook in the direction away from you, then insert the hook into the loop in the previous row and pull out a new loop, while there are 3 loops on the hook, consisting of an elongated loop, a yarn over and a leading loop. Then the thread is put back on the hook and pulled through the elongated loop and the previous yarn over ((there are 2 loops on the hook): 1 - from knitting the first two loops, 2 - leading loop). The next step is to loop the yarn over the hook and pull it through the two loops.

Crochet stitches are often used with two, three and four crochets. There is also a “concave column”, for which the hook with a crochet hanging over it is not inserted into the loops at the base of the work, but is brought out in front of the column on the previous row. The working thread is knitted with a double crochet.

Yarn over - performed to add loops when knitting. Yarn overs are used when knitting openwork patterns, crossed yarn overs can be used when knitting relief patterns or to change the shape of the fabric, unknitted yarn overs are used when knitting elastic bands, for example, English elastic.

Yarn over is a catch of thread that is not connected to the loop of the bottom row in the fabric and forms a new column of loops with the base of which will be a hole or a crossed loop. An exception may be yarnovers that are knitted together with an adjacent loop.

There are straight and reverse yarn overs.

When knitting a straight yarn over, the thread lying on the index finger of the left hand is grabbed from the top right with a movement toward you. Then knit the next loop according to the pattern.

In the purl row, such a yarn over is knitted by default with a purl loop behind the front wall to create a hole in the fabric. In some patterns, if indicated, it can be knitted in a knit stitch.

Straight yarn over is used when knitting openwork patterns with classic loops.

How to knit a reverse yarn over

When knitting a reverse yarn over, the thread lying on the index finger of the left hand is grabbed by moving away from you from left to right and up.

In purl rows, knit purl (by default) behind the back wall or knit if this is recommended in the pattern.

To get a crossed yarn over when knitting in a straight way, you need to knit it purl to the back wall in a purl row.

When knitting a reverse yarn over, a crossed yarn over will be obtained if in a purl row you knit it purl over the front wall.

How to knit a double yarn over with knitting needles

A double yarn over is obtained by grabbing the thread twice. The thread wraps around the knitting needle. In purl rows, a double yarn over is knitted according to the instructions for the pattern. This can be: one knit and one purl, or one knit and one knit crossed, one purl and purl crossed, one yarn over can also be dropped from the knitting needle, widening the hole, while only one loop is knitted.

Yarn over is a special knitting technique that allows you to make the knitted fabric openwork. A yarn over is a kind of loop, but not knitted. In knitting and crocheting, there are several types of yarn overs and techniques for its implementation. Let's learn how to knit and crochet a yarn over.

Yarn over with knitting needles

Since the yarn over is an “empty loop”, it is not knitted with the loop of the bottom row, but simply thrown over the working thread onto the knitting needle. Depending on the method of throwing and knitting in the next row, the yarn over can be straight, reverse or double.

Straight yarn over

Using the right knitting needle, we pick up the working thread, inserting the knitting needle towards you - from right to left. Holding the slightly stretched thread on the knitting needle with the finger of your right hand, we knit the next loop (according to the pattern). In the next row, the yarn over is knitted according to the pattern - with a purl or front loop. If there are no special instructions in the pattern, then the yarn over is knitted with a purl loop. When you pick up the yarn over the front wall, an openwork hole is created in the fabric. When you pick up the yarn over the back wall, the thread is twisted and the fabric is continuous.

Reverse yarn over

Using the right knitting needle, we pick up the working thread, inserting the knitting needle in a motion away from ourselves - from left to right. Holding the slightly stretched thread on the knitting needle with the finger of your right hand, we knit the next loop (according to the pattern). To create a hole in the next row, the yarn over is knitted behind the back wall. To get a crossed loop (without a hole), we knit a yarn over the front wall. Otherwise, the execution technique does not differ from the straight yarn over technique.

Double yarn over

Double yarn over is used in openwork patterns to create wide holes. With a double yarn over, the thread is wrapped around the working needle twice. In the next row, the double yarn over is knitted differently, depending on the design of the pattern. To get a large hole, one turn is knitted and the second is dropped from the loop. Another option is to knit one turn with a purl loop and the second with a knit stitch (or vice versa). When knitting a double yarn over with identical loops, make one of them regular and the other crossed.

Crochet yarn over

Many people know how to crochet without crochet. To do this, insert the hook into the third loop of the previous row, pick up the thread and pull it into the loop. Pick up the thread again and pull it through two loops on the hook.

Knitting
Knitting training

Yarns “towards you”, “away from you”. Designation of loops on diagrams.

In knitting yarn overs used quite often: in patterns with complex weaves of threads, for adding and lengthening loops. Without yarn overs, it is impossible to knit openwork patterns (end-to-end) and the so-called English ones (patterns made from yarn overs and knit stitches without the participation of purl stitches).

There are two ways to perform a yarn over: moving the knitting needle towards you and away from you. Yarn "from yourself" used extremely rarely. Many patterns, for example, like the English ones, with such a yarn over are obtained in a distorted form; in openwork patterns it leaves a too large hole. In hand knitting, as a rule, they use cape "to yourself". To perform some openwork patterns, it is sometimes necessary to make several yarn overs in a row (turns).

The pictures show how to knit
1) yarn overs to yourself,
2) yarn overs from yourself,
3) double yarn overs (turns).
4) designation of yarn over in the diagrams.

If the yarn over is followed by a knit stitch, then it is knitted without difficulty, but if it is a purl loop, then when knitting it, the yarn over must be held with the index finger of your right hand so that it does not slip off the knitting needle. If after yarn over you need to remove a loop without knitting, then the knitting needles are inserted into it from right to left. Sometimes after the yarn over (or before it) 2 stitches are knitted together. In this case, insert a knitting needle into 2 loops at once and knit one of them. The new loop will definitely be tilted to the right if 2 loops were knitted from the front walls, or to the left - if from the back ones. This pattern is used in openwork patterns for a clearer image.