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What should a 1 year old child do? What a year-old child should be able to do: psychomotor and speech skills

How quickly time flies! It seems like just yesterday you brought a snoring newborn into your home, and today your baby is already celebrating his first birthday! Parents are concerned with questions: how their baby is developing, what a 1-year-old child should be able to do, and what their child can do with it. Of course, all children are different and learn new things at different times. But there is a certain average set of skills, most of which children should master by the age of one.

First skills

The first year is not easy for a little person. There is so much to master! The baby approaches the annual milestone with basic skills on which his further achievements will be based:

knows how to follow the movement of an object (or light) with its eyes;
moves his eyes after the rattle, hears and is interested in its sound;
gives loved ones their first smiles;
knows how to keep his head upright;
changes positions, rolls over from stomach to back and the other way;
reaches for a rattle;
is sitting;
masters walking.

Physical development of the child

By the age of one year, children can sit, stand (holding onto an adult or pieces of furniture), stand on their feet, and crawl. Kids can get up from any position. Some babies skip the crawling stage.

Basically, babies can walk along a support, or with support from one or both arms. Particularly nimble children walk without support and even run.

The child’s physical development moves forward by leaps and bounds:

at 1 year old the baby can walk up the stairs with the support of an adult;
crawl up the stairs;
climb onto chairs, sofas, and other pieces of furniture;
children also climb down from beds, sofas, and slide down ladders.

Important! Therefore, do not leave your child in a room with open windows, sockets, or heavy objects that he could drop.

Even if it seems to you that the baby does not know how to climb onto the windowsill, know: you underestimate him! At this age, children realize to substitute a chair.

Psychomotor development of the baby

At one year of age, children are actively exploring the world around them. The child is interested in how this or that toy works, how several large parts of the construction set are connected into one whole.

By one year old, the child has the following skills:

knows how to assemble and disassemble a pyramid of two or three rings;
can form a turret from two cubes;
knows how to remove lids from pots and boxes, can put an object in a box and close the lid;
masters the first sorters: can push small objects into holes cut in the lid of a cardboard box;
plays with dishes: “eats” with a spoon, “drinks” from a cup;
can “comb” a toy, feed it or put it to sleep;
plays with his clothes, hats, boots;
takes toys with one or two hands, transfers them from hand to hand;
can grasp small objects with two fingers (thumb and index finger);
pushes a stroller, pushes a car, can push a ball to make it roll;
tries to throw and catch a ball or other objects;
knows how to open cabinet doors, pull out and close drawers, take things out of them, and put them back;
copies the actions of other children: digs, claps, knocks on objects with a stick;
plays like an adult: for example, he twirls a screwdriver like dad, or puts on lipstick like mom.

Emotions and integration into society

Closer to one year, babies begin to express their emotions more often with sounds, smiles, facial expressions, and not just crying;
Tactile expression of feelings also becomes more active: most children know how to hug and kiss (parents, other kids, toys);
If you carefully observe your baby, you begin to understand his body language. Close people usually know well what the child wants to “tell” them. Children may be more withdrawn with strangers;
The baby knows well those whom he often sees: parents, other relatives; recognizes them in photographs and knows how to show them at the request of adults. He can also show cats, dogs, other animals or objects in pictures;
At this age, children already know how to leaf through books. For the sake of fairness, it should be noted that not everyone is interested in books in one year, and this is normal: other kids will appreciate the charm of this activity a little later;
One-year-old children actively display both positive and negative emotions: they rejoice at the return of their parents from work, the appearance of a new toy. At the same time, they may cry if a stranger addresses them, or get angry at the word “impossible.” Read the article on how to explain to a child what is not allowed?>>>
At this age, the baby often imitates adults: “talks” on the phone, “reads” a book, tinkers with dad’s instruments.
In addition, children copy their parents’ facial expressions and use them. At one year old they can distinguish facial expressions. Children also understand the intonation with which they are addressed and can copy it when walking;
The baby knows how to fulfill simple requests: “give me a toy,” “show me the cat,” “where are the eyes.” Children master this skill quickly; it is enough to play similar games with them several times;
The baby knows how to dance to the music he likes and “sings along” to children’s songs. If your child doesn't do this, set an example for him - he will learn right away. One-year-old children really like this activity;
By imitating adults and peers, children master their first games. One-year-olds can clap their hands, play “peek-a-boo” (hide their face in their palms);
Children are interested in their reflection in the mirror, they can actively spin around in front of it and admire themselves.

This is far from a complete list of what a child can do, because at 1 year old, the social and emotional development of a baby primarily depends on the people around him. At this age, children do amazing things. It is enough to engage in their physical development and set your own example, and your baby will amaze you with her intelligence.

Formation of speech

At one year old, the child understands speech addressed to him. He focuses on intonation and knows simple expressions. The more you talk to him, the wider his passive vocabulary (i.e., the words he understands) becomes. A 1-year-old child can speak from 2 to 10 words.

Abbreviated words and onomatopoeias are also considered words at this age if they always mean the same thing. For example, if “mu” is always “cow”, then this onomatopoeia is also considered a word.

Important! But don't worry if your child doesn't say anything. It is much more important that he understands you. If this does not happen, the baby needs to be shown to a specialist.

The child may have problems with hearing, speech apparatus, neurological, and psychological disorders.
Most deviations from the norm at this age can be successfully compensated for if you start working with the baby on time.

What else does a one year old child know:

answers the question “who is this?” in separate words: mom, aw, me-me;
knows how to show familiar actions upon request: how he smiles, how he stomps his foot, how he eats, etc.;
knows his name, responds to his name;
tries to repeat new words;
knows the words “can” and “can’t”.

You can speed up your child’s speech development if you constantly talk to him, comment on your actions and what is happening around him. You can pronounce words, clearly articulating sounds, encouraging your baby to repeat after you.

When talking to children, you should not distort or shorten words. In this case, the child remembers the “wrong” sound, and it can be very difficult to relearn it. Talk to your child like an adult, only more emotionally.

Yearlings and their skills self-service

At one year old, a little person already strives for independence. Here are some everyday skills of one-year-old children:

They know how (or at least try) to eat with a spoon. There are even children who successfully use a fork at this age;
They drink from a sippy cup, and sometimes from a mug;
They try to dress themselves. If you are not in a hurry, give your baby the clothes you plan to put on him and let him practice a little;
They know how to bite and chew solid food (cookies, bread, banana). Read also: how to feed a child correctly?>>>
They know how to wash their hands and dry them with a towel. It is very easy to teach children this action by showing your own example several times. Read more about how to develop independence in a child?
They begin to gradually master the potty. Find out at what age should you potty train your child?

At this age, it is enough if the baby knows what the potty is for and knows how to correlate wet pants with his natural needs.

It’s good if he accepts some kind of conventional sound that denotes a desire to go potty, although such an understanding may come much later than one year of age. To do this, you can sit the children on the potty, pronouncing this very conventional sound. They will remember it very quickly.

Each child approaches the one-year mark with a certain set of skills. What this set will be depends largely on the parents. At this age, it is necessary not only to show the baby the world around him and talk to him, but also to give the baby more independence (under the supervision of elders). Let your child learn from experience and you will soon be surprised by the results!

The first year of a baby’s life usually flies by for parents in an instant - no sooner have they brought the touching little bag from the maternity hospital than a little man with his own character and habits is already running around the house. According to psychologists, by the age of one year a child not only develops the most important character traits, but also lays the foundation for his attitude towards the world, the people around him and himself. Most parents completely agree with these conclusions - during the first year of life, the baby not only increases its weight by 3-4 times, but also learning to sit, walk, eat solid food and many other things.

At 1 year old, babies come for their last monthly check-up, undergo a medical examination by specialized specialists and say goodbye to the children's clinic for the next few months. But parents’ expectations from such an examination often remain unjustified - the pediatrician only assesses the child’s height and weight, and the neurologist rarely spends time on a thorough assessment of physical and neuropsychic development. In order not to worry whether your baby is developing correctly, you can familiarize yourself with special tables that tell in detail what a child should be able to do at 1 year old. Here are the main criteria for assessing the development of a child at this age.

Physical development of the child

By the age of one year, the child’s weight reaches 10-12 kg, per month he gains approximately 200-300 grams, and his height increases by 1-2 cm, so at 1 year a child’s height is considered normal from 70 cm, on average - 72-75 cm .

By this age, the large fontanel should be completely closed, and the first teeth should appear in the mouth - from 2 to 12. If there are still no teeth or their eruption is slow, it is worth reviewing the child’s diet, perhaps he lacks calcium, phosphorus or needs to increase the dose of vitamin D3.

Most children aged 1 year can stand up, sit down, stand and walk independently, holding onto support, many already walk independently and even run, others still crawl or prefer to walk only with the support of adults. But parents of an actively moving baby should under no circumstances force him to walk a lot, especially on the street - walking on smooth asphalt, oddly enough, greatly strains the leg muscles - because of the flat surface, the same muscles work all the time can lead to overwork, and in the most severe cases, the baby’s weak bones cannot withstand the load and the legs can become bent.

By the first birthday, the child’s movements become much more coordinated, he rolls a gurney or stroller in front of him, can climb steps, climbs onto sofas, tables and chairs and actively examines all objects that fall into his field of vision.

At this age, children usually prefer toys that make some sounds when you press them, various models on wheels or educational toys - pyramids, beads, rings that can be strung on a rope, and the like.

The baby can grasp objects with one or two hands, carry toys in your hands, transfer them from one hand to another, roll cars and balls, put rings on a pyramid, fold beads, squeeze toys so they squeak, throw objects aimed at the floor, as well as break all interesting objects and study them by taste. You should not be angry with a one-year-old child if he breaks and throws toys and some household items on the floor, he does not yet understand the result of his actions, and with the help of such “barbaric” methods he studies the structure of objects and the laws of physics, for example, if you throw a glass with water on the floor, the water will spill and the glass will break. At the same time, such actions cannot be ignored; you need to calmly explain to the child that toys can break and his behavior really upsets you. And in order to avoid the recurrence of such situations in the future and to protect the child from injury and damage, you need to remove all dangerous, valuable or breakable objects from the child’s reach. Moreover, you need to remember - yearlings are excellent climbers and can climb anywhere - onto a windowsill, table, closet and reach the top shelves and handles by propping up a chair. So, clear the window sills of electric kettles and microwaves, lock the cupboard doors and never leave windows or medicine cabinets open.

Neuropsychic development of the child

Every year there is another leap in the child’s development and the first age crisis - he already feels completely independent, tries to imitate his parents in everything and desperately defends his rights. At this age, parents rejoice at the child’s first serious achievements: he begins to walk, talk, tries to dress himself, begins to ask to go to the potty and drives his parents crazy with hysterics and whims.

By the end of the first year of life, the baby should understand speech addressed to him, perform the simplest daily actions - try to eat with a spoon, wash his face, put on clothes; know the purpose of all household items, respond to adult speech with the first words or a set of sounds that have meaning for the child.

The “imitative” activity of the child is no less important; the one-year-old should strive to participate in all events taking place in the lives of those around him, “hammering” a nail with dad, “cooking” soup with mom, or trying to “knit” with grandma.

By the age of one year, the baby willingly fulfills the requests of adults, reacts to their tone when they address him, knows the meaning of the words “can” and “cannot” and knows how to express his emotions by laughing, screaming, gesticulating or facial expressions.

At this age, children should learn to control their natural skills; there is no need to listen to the recommendations of foreign manufacturers of disposable diapers and keep babies in diapers until they are 2-3 years old. At 1 year old, children already understand the connection between wet pants and their own needs., so there is no point in postponing potty training until a later age. Of course, requiring a one-year-old child to always remain dry is stupid and unrealistic, and overly persistent potty training can cause disgust and a negative reaction in the child. It is enough for the baby to know why the potty is needed and, while awake, to show through words or behavior that he needs to go to the toilet.

Most parents actively dislike another change in the behavior of one-year-old children - now kids react extremely negatively to any prohibitions and restrictions- hysterical crying, screams, attempts to fall on the floor and beat their heads, legs and arms on it, all this is familiar firsthand to most young mothers and fathers. Moreover, it is not so easy to calm and silence a child, and such “performances” in stores or crowded places do not make the best impression on others.

Due to the characteristics of the immature children's nervous system, the child most often cannot calm down on his own, so parents will have to show a lot of patience and tact, while helping the baby calm down and continuing to insist on their demands, otherwise such tantrums will become a habit and will become an excellent lever of pressure on them in future.

The basic skills of a one-year-old child include:

Ability to get up, stand and walk with support;
Drink from a cup and eat from a spoon with the help of an adult;
Understanding most words of adults, fulfilling simple requests and instructions;
Attempts to imitate adults in their daily activities;
Know the meaning of the words “cannot” and “possible”;
Express your emotions through sounds, crying or smiling;
Recognize not only immediate relatives, but also people whom he sees often;
Recognize animals, toys, and household items from pictures.

Little "lady" or one-year-old "gentleman"

By the first major anniversary in a child’s life, the differences between little boys and girls are already becoming quite noticeable. Boys are a little taller and heavier - on average 500-600 grams and 2-4 cm, while girls are much more emotional and develop a little faster.

Thus, a one-year-old girl usually already loves bright dresses and jewelry, shows love for her baby dolls and teddy bears, loves to dance with her mother and sit in her dad’s arms, while boys at this age prefer to spend all their time on the floor, studying something and breaking toys. And their preferences in toys are cars, various “knockers” and so on. At this age, they can already actively dodge too hot hugs and kisses, and try to do everything on their own. But in terms of whims and hysterics, both boys and girls get on the nerves of their parents in approximately the same way; here everything depends on the child’s temperament and the characteristics of upbringing.

What should a 1 year old child be able to do? Before assessing your child’s skills and abilities, you need to make sure that he is healthy and willing to communicate. It is also important that a one-year-old baby undergoes a routine preventive examination by specialists. The mother may not always notice any deviations from the norm in the general development of the child.

Each age has its own parameters of mental, physical, emotional, and intellectual development. And if a one-year-old baby falls short on some points, there is no need to worry right away. Also, psychologists do not recommend comparing your baby’s abilities and skills with other children. Motor activity, auditory, visual, tactile reactions, emotions, thinking can be associated with individual characteristics: temperament, body type, weight. If the baby is in no hurry to walk or say the first words, this may also be a hereditary predisposition.

Motor skills

What should a 1 year old baby be able to do? How developed is his physical strength, agility, coordination, and balance?

There are no fundamental differences in the psychomotor development of girls and boys at the age of one. A girl's physique can be as strong as a boy's. And boys' fine motor skills can be just as well developed as girls'. Differences in physiological and psychoemotional development may appear later, especially during adolescence.

At one year old, the child takes his first steps and crawls well. A wide field for research and activity opens up before him. It is important to give your baby freedom, but you also need to think about safety. If there is a one-year-old child in the house, all potential dangers must be eliminated and hidden: put plugs on sockets, block cabinets, remove wires, heavy, sharp objects, household chemicals, medicines, cosmetics, etc.

Psycho-emotional development of a baby at 1 year old

There comes a turning point in the child's life. At this age, the baby shows character: he can hit his neighbor in the sandbox with a shovel, bite his mother, spit banana puree, and drag a cat by the tail.

For the harmonious development of communication skills and social adaptation at this age, you can attend an early development school.

What's new in speech development

The baby has passed the stage of pre-speech development, and baby talk is left behind. But it was precisely this stage that created the basis for mastering the native language. A child’s speech skills improve by the age of 1 year. The baby moves to a new stage - speaking, mastering passive and active vocabulary. What are his successes?

In order for a one-year-old baby to master native speech skills well, speech therapists recommend:

talk a lot with the baby and comment on actions and situations;
pronounce words correctly, without lisp, slowly, with clear articulation;
talk with different strength (quietly, loudly, whispering, thin, rough voice);
speak emotionally and with different intonations;
read books;
listen to songs, audio stories;
develop fine motor skills.

What should a one-year-old child be able to do? He can perform many actions: rises to a vertical position with the help of a support; takes the first steps along the sofa; walks holding hands; climbs stairs; holds a ball in his hands and throws it. Also knows how to hold a cup and drink from it; rolls the car; draws lines and dots on paper; inserts a smaller object into a larger one; points a finger at the desired object; fulfills requests; is aware of the prohibitions; speaks the first meaningful words.

At this age, children, as a rule, already have the basic abilities that are so necessary for further knowledge of the world around them. For this reason, in order to promptly detect a delay in the development of their baby, it is extremely important for parents to know what a child should be able to do at the age of 1, what skills he should have by this time. Find out more about this period of baby growing up.

Child development at 1 year

Loving parents treat with great trepidation the first manifestations of a conscious perception of life in their children. At the same time, some mothers and fathers, in an effort to give their baby the best, sometimes go too far, which is usually expressed in the requirement that the child master skills that are not typical for his age. Remember that each baby is unique in its own way and you cannot turn the baby into an “object” of self-affirmation. With all this, you need to understand that there is a certain average set of skills that a toddler should have by the age of 12 months.

One should approach this kind of development indicators calmly and without fanaticism. Often, what a child can do at 1 year old depends entirely on the parents. The only exception is any pronounced symptoms of a baby’s developmental delay. In addition to these points, it is worth paying attention to the norms of the child’s weight and height. So, a one-year-old baby should triple its initial weight and grow by 25 cm. It is important to say that the indicated values cannot be applied to premature children or those with problems with excess body weight.

Physical

By the age of one year, children, as a rule, already know how to stand, holding onto pieces of furniture or an adult, sit, and actively crawl. Some especially nimble kids can even walk. For the most part, children move around the house along a support or with support from one or two arms. At the same time, do not underestimate the little one and think that he will not be able to climb onto the windowsill or pull sharp objects off the table. By this time, the children are already quite smart and, if necessary, can substitute a chair.

When answering what a child of 1 year should be able to do, experts note that the rate of development of physical abilities completely depends on the degree of independence of the baby. For this reason, it is extremely important that the baby does the main “work” himself, but with parental support. By the way, if your little one wants to learn to walk, then give him the opportunity to take the first steps on his own, while not forgetting about safety nets.

Mental

One-year-old children, regardless of individual development rates, actively explore the world around them. Kids, as a rule, are very interested in taking objects from inaccessible places and mastering the skills of building a simple construction set. The last activity is very useful for the little one, as it allows them to develop fine motor skills. Regarding what a one-year-old child should be able to do from the point of view of psychological development, it is worth saying that by this time the baby already has the following basic skills:

knows how to assemble a pyramid from several rings;
plays with dishes and pretends to eat with a spoon or drink from a mug;
can build a tower from two cubes;
shows interest in unfamiliar objects;
feeds the dolls, combs them and puts them to bed;
can grasp small objects with two fingers;
imitates adults;
dances to music;
tries to open and close cabinet doors independently;
collects toys.

Baby skills at 1 year

Most babies can walk independently by 12 months. However, some one-year-old children still need their mother's help while moving around the house or playground. In addition, by this time the little one should be able to squat and freely rise from this position. The little man is becoming more and more independent every day, so parents need to pay him as much attention as possible. Based on communication with the mother, by the baby’s first birthday, one or another attitude towards the world around him is formed.

Required skills and abilities

When listing what a one-year-old child should be able to do, pediatricians often name, at first glance, completely unnecessary and inappropriate abilities. Nevertheless, these skills are an indicator of the success of the baby’s further development as a person. In a situation where a toddler cannot do any of the skills specified by experts, this should become a reason for parents to adjust the child’s upbringing. As for the required skills, a one-year-old toddler should be able to:

comply with adults' requests;
confidently hold light objects in your hands;
show emotions without hysterics and crying;
recognize familiar people;
react adequately emotionally to different situations;
show in pictures the objects in question;
through joint play, contact with peers;
speak at least a couple of words;
imitate adults, imitating their gestures and facial expressions.

How should a one year old child walk?

At this point, the baby is actively exploring the world around him. At the same time, the main skill that the toddler “works on” is walking. Most children by this time can move along a support or with the help of adults. Some children begin to walk early, but skip the crawling stage. With all this, it is worth paying attention to how the child walks. In a situation where the baby, while moving, places emphasis on his toes or spreads his legs too wide, you should seek advice from a pediatric orthopedist.

Self-care skills

The one-year-old toddler strives for independence with all his being. By this time, the baby is learning to eat on his own, which in no case excludes the mother’s participation in the process. Some children even try to dress themselves. Do not neglect this emotional impulse of the little one. Give your child clothes and give him the opportunity to practice as much as he can while watching this action from the side. Among other things, one-year-old children should be able to:

drink independently from a sippy cup or mug;
bite and chew solid food;
eat independently;
sit on the potty (essentially, the baby should ask to go to the potty and understand what it is for);
to wash hands.

Speech development in a 1 year old child

By 12 months, the toddler should understand speech addressed to him and fulfill simple requests from adults. One-year-old children react very sensitively to intonation, so it is extremely important not to overdo it when raising a baby. The baby should receive mostly positive emotions from communicating with his mother. There is no need to worry if the toddler does not know something from the list of what a child should say at 1 year old. In this situation, it is much more important that the baby understands the speech of adults and correctly perceives its emotional side.

How many words should a child speak per year?

The development of speech skills in children occurs in completely different ways. Some babies can already talk at one year old, while other toddlers are just learning to pronounce words. You can speed up your child’s speech development if you constantly have a lively conversation with him.. At the same time, it is very important to comment on everything that is happening around. The vocabulary of a one-year-old child includes only 2-10 words, which also includes onomatopoeia. In a situation where your baby cannot pronounce the simplest words and does not understand adult speech, he must be shown to a child psychologist.

What words should a child say per year?

By the age of one year, the baby has a limited vocabulary, so some children try to master onomatopoeia. I must say that many succeed in this. In the arsenal of toddlers by the age of one year, as a rule, there are two-valued words: mother, father, woman, grandfather. Most children are only capable of babbling and only understandable sounds. When answering what a one-year-old toddler should be able to do, pediatricians, moving on to speech development, usually name words like: bee-bee, give, ta-ta, mu-mu, la-la, dyad-dya, am-am.

Child behavior at 1 year

At this age, children still cannot control their emotions, often expressing them by crying, screaming and other unsightly actions. This kind of protest should be perceived as a completely normal phenomenon for this stage of the baby’s development. Correct behavior can be achieved solely through affection and encouragement. In addition, at one year old children begin to realize their isolation from their parents. They may cry because their mother has gone and left them alone. The baby must remember that although his mother is away, she is nearby and ready to come to his aid at any moment.

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The child celebrates his first anniversary older, stronger and more conscious. He has personal character traits unique to him, has his own opinion, preferences in games and food. The baby strives to actively explore new territories, and it is practically impossible to keep him, because such qualities as perseverance and even stubbornness begin to appear. Now parents will have to take into account the opinion of the little person, and knowing what a child of 1 year should be able to do, try to guide him in the right direction.

A one-year-old child weighs about 10 kilograms, and his height is approximately 76-78 centimeters; compared to the first months of life, he has tripled in size. Now, due to active pastime, the baby will grow slower, but will begin to improve his abilities and acquire new skills.

Features of the changes:

By the age of one year, many children already have about 8-12 teeth, four of which are molars. Even if not everyone has appeared yet, this should happen in the near future.
A characteristic feature of children at this time is their feet, which are still completely flat, since there remains a pad of fat that disappears over time. Despite this, children can now stand up freely from any position and can walk without support or the help of adults. In general, most children master walking by the age of one and a half years.
Kids know all their relatives well, call them by name, respond to their name, vigorously showing joy or sadness if they are about to part.
Now, day by day, the child will become more and more independent, and by copying the behavior of his elders, he will develop his own manners, so parents should monitor their actions and not the best habits, so as not to see their repetition in the baby’s actions later.

Proper upbringing is important during this period - if children live according to a certain regime, they quickly learn discipline. In this case, it is easier for them to explain the meaning of the requirements and taboos on certain things. Unfortunately, it is impossible to do without prohibitions, and besides, the child himself feels more protected when they exist. In the end, established rules make life easier for the whole family and protect the health and psyche of children.

The physical and mental development of a child at the age of 1 has reached certain heights, but it is too early for parents to relax; there is still a lot of work ahead to ensure that the little person grows up not only strong and smart, but also has such important human character traits as kindness, sensitivity, empathy .

What should a 1 year old child be able to do?

Physically, the one-year-old child has stepped far forward, and in the literal sense. Some early babies, although rare, immediately choose a method of movement such as walking and, in fact, skip crawling.

But considering the average option, we should list the following skills that apply to most children:

one-year-old babies are very mobile - they crawl a lot, sit well, know how to get up and sit down, doing it quite deftly;
children walk holding on to the hand of their father and mother, or leaning on the sofa;
Many people manage to squat and get up on their own;
The little ones have mastered climbing stairs quite well and can carefully go down, including getting down from elevated areas;
A child’s speech skills improve significantly at the age of 1 - his vocabulary is about 15-20 words, although sometimes he confuses syllables;
The kids understand their parents’ speech perfectly and try to repeat after them all unfamiliar words;
a one-year-old toddler is already quite capable of answering the question “Where” and “Who” addressed to him by saying his name or pointing his finger;
The child can also be entrusted with some tasks, for example, wiping off the dust, helping mom set the table, or washing fruit;
the child will very quickly build a tower from several cubes, and with his hand he can already take two small objects, using two fingers for manipulation;
a year, children love to find and hide toys, throw them, take them apart;
children at this age know the names and appearance of many animals, trees, and household items;
they remember events that happened 4-5 days ago;
use cutlery, cup, toothbrush and comb independently.

The social activity of children also increases, they become more sociable and are drawn to communicate with peers. Adults are truly happy when they observe the manifestations of their emotionality - now they are able to smile, laugh, and have learned to hug and kiss mom and dad. When there is an overabundance of feelings, they even kiss their toys - their favorite bears and dolls. The feelings of one-year-old children are sometimes visible in their gestures and facial expressions, and relatives usually understand this language well.

However, children can express not only contentment and positive emotions - they can be angry and indignant about prohibitions, look upset when dad leaves for work, show resentment if they are put to bed early. Kids themselves have a good understanding of the emotional state of their father and mother, determining it by tone of voice and facial expression, and due to the rapid formation of long-term memory in them, they often demonstratively show resentment, remembering recent unpleasant events.

Reflecting on what a 1-year-old child should be able to do, let’s add that he can dance and sing, study his reflection in the mirror with interest, know the purpose of many household devices, and carry out simple requests and tasks from adults. All that remains is to set a good example for them so that the child quickly absorbs useful information and puts it into practice.

How boys and girls develop at 12 months

The differences between the abilities of children of both sexes are, in fact, not distinguishable, but behavior patterns begin to differ greatly. When the question arises of what a one-year-old boy should be able to do, it is logical to answer “everything”, with the difference that he is less sensitive, more independent, and often protests when he is offered help. The child begins to feel not just a person, but a little bit like a man, who, in fact, is busy, for the most part, with men’s affairs. He plays a lot on his own, loves cars, construction sets, and outdoor games with a ball.

Does a 12-month-old girl need to be able to do this? Of course, yes, but the baby will prefer a quieter time spent feeding and dressing the doll, treating animals and similar activities.

But natural egoism is developed in children of both sexes - they do not understand why they should give their toy to someone else. And psychologists do not recommend forcing them to do this; in order to avoid scandal and hysteria, it is better to distract the child with something more interesting.

By one year of age, children also become firmly accustomed to self-care skills. In addition to using a spoon and a cup, they already use a fork, bite off and chew hard pieces, wash their hands by wiping them with a towel, and master the potty. Kids can already take off their hats, outerwear, socks and Velcro shoes. And to get dressed faster, they need training.

What should a child be able to do in one year? Of course, what his own parents will teach him, having found the right time for this and interested the baby. Basically, the achievements and failures of one-year-old children depend on them

Joint games and activities

One-year-olds should develop different skills and abilities, paying attention to each point. At this age, everything is important - the physical and creative improvement of the baby, the formation of his logical thinking, training of memory and attention.

Activities and games with your baby can have different goals, but they are all necessary:

The development of motor function is probably one of the main goals. To help the baby in this difficult task, we can advise parents to purchase for the baby a gurney in the form of a large beautiful car or a toy stroller, which will stimulate the desire to walk, while at the same time serving as a support for the baby.
Among the games that develop fine motor skills, as well as logic and memory, we can highlight large mosaics and puzzles, construction sets, lacing games, cups, jars and small parts for folding and pouring.
One-year-old children are already suitable for more complex educational toys - insert figures, labyrinths, simple applications.
To develop coordination and dexterity of your baby's hands and fingers, use salt dough or plasticine. Of course, the child will not yet be able to make a figurine from this material, but he will be happy to decorate the rolled out cake with small elements - shells, buttons, colored beads.
Reading is a necessary element not only of development, but also of education, so a child needs to read every day. Firstly, he can remember new words, and secondly, he will learn the correct pronunciation. In addition, studying interesting and necessary information will increase his intelligence and broaden his horizons.
Children will be happy to “play” musical instruments if you give them a drum, a baby piano, a xylophone, maracas, a toy tambourine or a harp.
Little children love drawing, and this is a very useful activity for them. In the process of creating their extraordinary masterpieces, children improve visual function, train their fingers, learn to correctly perceive color combinations, develop imagination, memory and thinking. In addition, paints and pencils are excellent tools for children's experiments, the main thing is that mom and dad are nearby.
Finger theater will also be a good workout and, at the same time, a game. In this case, the child has the opportunity to independently create characters from paper, cardboard or other materials, and then put on a real performance. This game involves several aspects of a child’s development at once.

You should not literally understand the standard indicators of what a 12-month-old toddler should be able to do, because a lot depends on the desire and real interest of the parents in the success of their child. And here it should be recalled that it will help to find time for joint lessons and games - a correctly compiled daily schedule for the little person.

Daily routine of a one-year-old baby

When creating a routine for a child, it should be taken into account that children who prefer to sleep once during the day should get up later. This, of course, is not a whim of the baby, but his peculiarity of the body and one quiet hour during the day is enough for him to remain vigorous and cheerful. In total, a child needs about 13-14 hours of rest per day, while at night he can sleep from 9 to 10 hours, and during the day 3-4 hours. Now is the time to teach children to fall asleep on their own.

One-year-old children eat with adults, but they are prohibited from certain foods, including pickles, marinades, sausages and smoked products. Too soft food, prepared in the old-fashioned way, as at the beginning of the introduction of complementary foods, can lead to malocclusion and digestive disorders, so children need to be given fairly solid food in the form of small pieces. At the age of one year, you can gradually transfer your child to four feedings a day, especially if he no longer eats mother’s milk.

The rules of care remain the same as in previous months and include all basic hygiene procedures. As for exercise and massage, babies need them, as they help strengthen the structure of muscle tissue, ensure normal blood circulation and enrich the body with oxygen. Massaging, in addition, relieves tension after active wakefulness.

Child development at twelve months: video

Imagining what a child should be able to do at the age of 1, and knowing the rules of upbringing and education, parents, of course, should constantly encourage the child to engage in cognitive activity and the desire to do everything independently. But at the same time, we must not forget that in front of you is a small child who, as before, needs parental love and affection, and a dry, teacherly tone cannot replace them.

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