Skin care cosmetology. We take care of the skin of the face: how to properly carry out home procedures

The best cosmetologists in Moscow

well-groomed and beautiful woman is unlikely to reveal the secrets of his youth and attractiveness. Beautiful skin is one of the main advantages of the female sex, and there are many different ways to keep it young, supple and beautiful.
It is given by nature that a woman, no matter what age she is, diligently corrects and minimizes the flaws and imperfections of her face with the help of special creams and various procedures. Makeup - will always emphasize the beauty of your face. But, unfortunately, such an easy way will not preserve the elasticity and youthfulness of the skin.
12 unique and necessary recommendations from cosmetologists
1. Keep quality cosmetics in your makeup bag well-known manufacturers. Remember to select it according to your age and skin condition. In such an important matter, you should consult in advance with a specialist doctor who, together with you, will select the most the best option, but do not overdo it with experiments - you do not need to change creams and serums very often, because by doing so you harm your body. Do not forget about age creams after 30 years, as they must contain the necessary components, namely hyaluronic acid and dimethylaminoethanol.
2. No need to dry oily skin with alcohol-based products. Using such a tool, the fat on the face will increase, and the skin will begin to peel off.
3. Try to apply the cream on the skin correctly. Before applying the cream, the face should be clean and not wet. Apply toner using a damp towel or disposable tissue, and only after drying, apply serum or cream.
4. The most important rule is proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. Smoking is enemy number one. Due to cigarettes, the skin becomes flabby, yellowish-gray and appear unwanted wrinkles. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits in your diet. They are very useful not only for your skin, but for the whole body. Eat fatty foods less often, and also forget about sweets and flour products. Eat seafood, seeds and nuts.
5. In summer, make it a rule to be less in the sun, if this is not possible, use special preparations that protect against ultraviolet radiation. Such sunscreens help to avoid the appearance of wrinkles and pigmentation at an early age.
6. When cleansing your skin, remember that the less foam in the gel, the better. For oily skin, a soft foam is perfect, for dry and sensitive skin, milk with a minimum amount of foam is ideal.
7. No need to wash your face with too hot or cold water, all types skin suit warm water. Please your face contrast shower alternately using cold and hot water.
8. Mattifying wipes will help you solve the problem with sweaty skin. They perfectly hide the sheen of sweat on the face, unlike powder, which helps for a while.
9. To protect the delicate skin around the eyes, it is recommended to use certified products: special serums and creams. By using them you will get maximum effect and do not harm the most vulnerable spot on the face.
10. Beautiful lips will emphasize the beauty of the face. Lubricate your lips with quality balms if you have flaky and dry lips.
11. In public transport or in a store, do not touch your face with dirty hands, because there are a lot of bacteria and germs on your hands. Wash your hands more often, use high-quality cleansers, do not spare money and time for your face and body, because your health and beauty of the skin depend on it. Fans of squeezing acne at home should stop this procedure. The result is unwanted spots and scars, and they are unlikely to beautify your face.
12. Many studies show that the habit of sleeping on your stomach damages the skin, it stretches, and wrinkles appear. Sleeping on your back is the recommended sleeping position: the skin is smoothed and breathing is easy.

In order for the results to exceed expectations, proper facial skin care is needed, a beautician with experience would call this a systematic ritual. After all, it is daily manipulations, using the right tools and tactics, that allow you to achieve the desired effect, and most importantly, do not harm the skin.

A lady with a well-groomed appearance is beautiful, fashionable, status. Such women feel more confident, attract the attention of others. To join this category of well-groomed beauties, you don't have to wait for Monday, you need to start right today and right now!

To achieve impressive results, there are many ways and means designed for women. different ages and configured to spend different amounts of money on their face.

However, regardless of the cheapness or high cost of manipulations, they must be suitable for a certain type of skin, which is easy to determine at home in various ways.

With a mirror and a magnifying glass

It is necessary to carefully consider all parts of the face, evaluate the color of the dermis, the presence of a characteristic oily sheen or haze, porosity.

With paper towel

Before testing, the face should be washed with a neutral agent, blotted with a napkin. Without using any cosmetics, wait 20 minutes.

After that: take a paper towel or napkin, put it on your face and, gently pressing, achieve tight contact with the skin.

Leave on the face for 10 minutes, then remove and carefully examine the prints. Traces of fat are signs of oily skin, a clean or moderately soaked tissue indicates normal or dry skin.

With a mirror surface

It is enough to briefly attach a mirror to a clean face to see traces of sebum on it. If there are different results on different parts of the skin, it is combined.

After selecting one of the tests and conducting it, you need to compare the results obtained with typical characteristics:

• Oily skin is thick, with a characteristic oily sheen and enlarged pores. She is prone to acne breakouts and inflammation. Advantage - does not age for a long time.
• Dry skin is thin, delicate, like paper, its pores are narrowed. In youth, an even pinkish hue, it becomes problematic with age. Through a magnifying glass, you can see areas of peeling, hyperemia, the presence of small wrinkles, even at a young age.
• Normal skin - balanced in terms of oil and water, looks fresh and healthy. With age, it needs care, systematic nutrition and hydration.
• Combination skin - is oily in the T-zone, and in other parts of the face it is very dry.

It is important that when we properly care for the skin of the face, choose products according to its type, it immediately responds to care with radiance and freshness.

• Seasons (in summer - fatter, in summer - drier).
• Changes hormonal background(lack or excess of hormones).
• Diet (there should be enough polyunsaturated fatty acids in food).
• Health conditions (some medications cause dry skin).

In addition to caregivers, cosmetic care behind the skin of the face can show negative sides unless special rules are followed.

For oily skin:

• It is strictly forbidden to dry it with alcohol tonics and lotions.
• It is not recommended to treat with a nourishing oil-based cream.
• Products must be tested for comedogenicity.

For dry skin:

• Avoid the use of fat-free products.
• For cleansing, use light, gentle products that do not have an aggressive effect.
• In the composition of caring and decorative products should be protected from ultraviolet radiation.
• Be sure to moisturize in the summer, in the winter - nutrition with fatty creams.

For sensitive skin:

• Avoid contrasting temperatures(steaming, wiping with ice).
• Use funds after testing on the wrist.
• Do not use formulations with microparticles that can injure the skin.
• Moisturize your face throughout the day.

For combination skin:

• Use products for cleansing, nourishing, moisturizing and protecting according to the areas of the face.

For normal skin:

• It is important to maintain her condition - do not overdry.
• Do not expose to aggressive atmosphere - use protective equipment.
• Use cosmetics recommended by cosmetologists for age.

Improper care can harm the dermis, aggravate its condition, and lead to undesirable consequences.

Cleansers & Exfoliators

To rid your face of grease, sweat and bacteria, it is not enough just to wash your face with water. The skin must be thoroughly cleansed by removing dead cells of the epidermis. This will help the beneficial substances of the cream to penetrate the dermis without hindrance.

Proper facial care involves the use the following funds that any experienced cosmetologist will approve:

• Cosmetic milk. Suitable for superficial cleansing, does not penetrate deeper layers.
• Alkaline-free foam. It is applied to a fabric glove, which is gently wiped over the face.
• Peeling creams based on fruit acids, dissolve dirt from the surface and have a bactericidal effect.
• Scrubs, which include crushed fruit pits, seeds of exotic fruits and other natural abrasives.
• Clay mask.

Without these actions, even a super-effective remedy will not affect the dermis and will not bring results.

Do you need a tonic?

After cleansing, the skin, regardless of type, drastically loses moisture. To normalize the water balance, restore turgor within a short time, it is necessary to apply a tonic to the dermis. Moreover, it is most effective to apply it not with a cotton pad, but spray it as a spray.

The delicate dermis of the face can be injured, so all actions should be light and gentle - patting, fluttering, tapping. Which way is the best - care tips are not singled out, and provide an opportunity for each lady to choose a more comfortable one for herself.

The cream is applied to the face with both hands in certain directions:

• From the center of the forehead to the temples.
• From the bridge of the nose to the outer corners of the eyes on the upper eyelid, and in the opposite direction - under the eyes.
• From nose to cheeks to temples.
• Around the lips - above and below the center in both directions.
• From the middle of the neck in both directions up.

Important! Nourishing creams and serums should be applied to a moisturized face, and products with an ultraviolet barrier should be applied to a dry one.

The stages of facial skin care are the same for all types, only cosmetic products for these procedures, selected on the advice of cosmetologists, are individual. Basic steps:

• Cleansing. With the help of lotions, foams, scrubs and peels.
• Hydration. Saturation with moisture will provide elasticity, freshness to the skin, give it healthy look.
• Toning. The PH-environment of the epidermis is restored, the skin becomes more receptive to the active components of creams.
• Nutrition. Skin nutrition is the main task for mature ladies, it is recommended to use high-quality cosmetics according to age recommendations.
• Protection. Protects the dermis aggressive impact atmosphere, unfavorable external factors.
• Regeneration. It activates the production of collagen, improves metabolism, makes the skin holistic and uniform due to its renewal.

Regularity and thoroughness are simple tips from a beautician for facial care that will give an effective and stable result.

Do you want your skin to glow?

For women after 40, it is especially important to update the set of cosmetics to maintain youth. How to do it right, learn the link:

• It is harmful to wash your face with tap water, it is better to replace it with mineral, boiled or enriched with decoctions of herbs.
• Apply the cream on the face in the morning - 40 minutes before going out, in the evening - at least an hour before bedtime. Be sure to remove the remnants with a napkin, otherwise swelling on the face is provided in the morning.
• Apply any cream on absolutely clean skin.
• The action of the cream does not depend on the thickness of its layer on the face. Do not weigh down and overload the dermis.
• All means begin to work when the body is in a relaxed state.

Cosmetologists advise stronger sex also use cosmetics. Learn more about what is advised to include in men's facial care and buy the right cosmetics!

The beauty industry does not stand still and gives women the opportunity to choose the most comfortable procedures for themselves. Beauty tips for use salon methods make you want to experience them miraculous power on myself. Now popular:

• ultrasonic cleaning. Water is pumped in waves deep into the skin and sucked out already together with toxins.
• Galivation. Therapeutic cleansing of the deep layers of the skin at the cell level, tightens pores, eliminates wrinkles.

They have a positive effect on the condition of the dermis in the upper and deep layers, improve its condition.

Find out how to choose the right cosmetic facial treatment:

Cosmetic facial cleansing

Cosmetic care begins with facial cleansing, which restores the respiratory function of the skin, stimulates metabolic processes.

Cleaning is done manually or with the help of such special tools and apparatus as:

• Brushing.
• Ultrasound.
• Vacuum.

This procedure is in demand among visitors to beauty salons and gives a good result.

Peelings

Cosmetologists reveal the secrets of the excellent skin condition of many stars - they all do regular peels.

There are three types of peeling to choose from:

• Soft surface, no use aggressive means and manipulation.
• Median. Exfoliates the deeper layer of the skin, eliminates wrinkles, evens out the tone.
• Deep. It is carried out with the use of acids of significant concentration. It is able to smooth out not only wrinkles, but also scars and scars.

Peelings are mechanical, hardware and chemical.

Face massage

Cosmetology welcomes facial massage as an excellent cosmetic procedure that allows you to achieve an effect comparable to surgical intervention. Massage:

• Corrects the contour of the face.
• Improves microcirculation, which affects the appearance.
• Smoothes wrinkles.

After the massage, the face looks refreshed and rejuvenated.

Biorevitalization

This is a method of intensive action on the deep layers of the dermis with drugs designed to restore youth, firmness and elasticity to the skin. The main active drug is hyaluronic acid, which the body needs with age. This substance is injected under the skin:

• By injection.
• laser.
• ultrasound.
• low frequency current.

After all the manipulations, the face looks renewed, radiant and moisturized. Read more about biorevitalization.

Journalist. In the names of cosmetics, in the annotations to them, you can often find indications: “for normal skin”, “for dry skin”, “for oily skin”. Experts warn: you can not use cosmetics without taking into account the type of skin. How to find out what it is - skin type?

Cosmetologist. Normal skin is most common in young people. She has a clean matte tone, moderate grease, she is fresh, elastic, without black dots, wrinkles, pores are hardly visible on her.

Dry skin is the result of insufficient activity of the sebaceous glands. If dryness is congenital, then in youth such skin is very beautiful - tender, thin, pores are invisible. However, this type of skin is very susceptible to the influence of the sun, wind, temperature changes, and reacts sharply to improper cosmetic care. And care - and very thorough - is required for such skin throughout life. Dry skin can also appear with age: years pass, and the natural lubrication and moisture of the skin decrease due to a decrease in the function of the sebaceous glands and the ability of skin cells to retain moisture. Such dry skin - thin, sluggish, with wrinkles and folds, or porous and rough, retaining the pattern of the former oily skin.

Oily skin always shines due to the lubrication excessively secreted by the sebaceous glands, is often dirty, covered with black dots, it is thick, rough, rough, sometimes flaky, and pores are clearly visible on it.

There is also mixed skin. On the forehead, on the nose, on the chin, it is glossy, and on the cheeks it is dry. For such skin, differentiated care is required: where it is oily, degrease with appropriate means, dry - soften.

But of course, the skin type is best determined by a specialist Cosmetologist. He will also prescribe the most effective means of caring for her.

Journalist. According to the labels on shampoos, hair is divided into the same three types?

Cosmetologist. Yes it is. normal hair- elastic, moderately thin, not too dry or greasy, dandruff-free scalp. Dry hair is thinner, fluffier, more fragile. Greasy hair thicker than normal, abundantly covered with fat. They are more elastic and absorb less water. Often they shine, stick together, hang like icicles, and quickly become dirty.

Just as with skin care, when caring for hair, it is imperative to take into account their type.

Journalist. Sometimes you hear about especially sensitive skin. What do they mean by this?

Cosmetologist. Hypersensitivity usually has dry skin. It is, as it were, not protected from environmental influences, its protective properties are weakened. Due to insufficient secretion of skin lubrication by the sebaceous glands, the protective film is fragile, and the water contained in it evaporates quickly. Worse retain moisture and skin cells. As a result, such skin suffers from a lack of fat and moisture - it is degreased and dehydrated.

To restore the normal biological state of such skin, regular cosmetic procedures and special care. With their help, they recreate the protective fatty and acid "mantle" of the skin and combat its dehydration by slowing down the evaporation of water and adding a moisturizer. This, by the way, prevents the formation of wrinkles. Finally, appropriate cosmetic products protect the skin from external influences, cleanse from dead, dead cells that deprive the skin of freshness, tone the skin, increasing its elasticity, replenish lost substances and properties.

For this, special lotions, cleansing milk, creams, masks are used, which should include moisturizing, fat-containing, softening and acidifying substances for the skin. How these funds are used is also important. The wet method of applying the cream is effective, softening and moisturizing cosmetic masks and many other procedures. The softening massages of the face, neck, body, performed in cosmetology institutions serve the same purpose. paraffin masks and masks with phytohormones, with biostimulants.

Journalist. In popular books on cosmetics, they write that it is necessary to apply cream and massage along the skin lines. What are these lines, how are they directed?

Cosmetologist. This is really very important. Skin lines are the lines of least stretch of the skin. Schematically, these directions can be represented as follows. Mentally divide the face with a vertical line: it will pass through the forehead, nose, upper and lower lips, chin. On the forehead, skin lines have directions from the middle of the forehead to the temples; on the cheeks - from the nose and the middle of the upper and lower lip to the auricles, from the middle of the chin to the lobes of the auricles; around the eyes - from the inner corners of the eyes to upper eyelid to the outer corners of the eyes and from the outer corners along the lower eyelid to the inner corners of the eyes. On the neck: on its front surface - from the bottom up, and on the side - from top to bottom.

These directions must be remembered, and all movements when applying creams, masks and other procedures on the face and neck should be carried out taking them into account.

Journalist. Women often complain that the skin around the eyes is dehydrated, covered with a network of wrinkles...

Cosmetologist. The skin around the eyes is thin and delicate. If you use cosmetics without prior qualified advice, you can sometimes cause new wrinkles. Must try for a month simple compresses from soothing herbs (take equally mint, sage, chamomile and plantain). Hold the hot compress for 10 minutes a short time change to cold. Compress to do on a greased fat cream skin. You can use emollient creams, and in the evening carefully make up the skin around the eyes with a damp swab with cream or castor oil half with sunflower. The softening cream is applied in the morning immediately after washing on wet skin (only then it is easy to blot it with a towel), and in the evening - with a wet swab, always with deep pressing movements.

It is useful to wipe the skin with a piece of ice every morning. It is better if it is prepared from a mixture of herbs.

Journalist. How to refresh the skin if it has acquired a yellowish-gray tint?

Cosmetologist. To whiten and refresh the skin, you can make masks from gruel and leaf juice. black currant, sorrel, fruits and leaves of elderberry or mountain ash, mixed with sour cream, sour milk, kefir, curdled milk, matsoni (a tablespoon of a mixture of plants and a teaspoon of sour cream or curdled milk).

Another tip: juice and extract from cucumbers can be added to a cream or lotion (a tablespoon of juice per 50 g of cream or lotion), make face and neck masks from the pulp and juice. You can wash your face with cucumber juice, wipe your face with a piece of cucumber. A mask of cloudberries, gruel of fresh white or sauerkraut, beets, carrots, cottage cheese diluted with sour milk, or yeast (a quarter of a stick), pounded to the consistency of sour cream with a 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide, also has a good effect.

Daily rubbing of the skin with pure lemon juice (if the skin is oily) or diluted in half with water (if the skin is dry), whey or yogurt is also useful.

Journalist. Now many suffer from varicose veins - an expansion of the veins in the legs. What to advise in order to reduce the likelihood of surgery?

Cosmetologist. First of all, a healthy lifestyle is important here. Do not drink alcohol, do not smoke, do not get carried away with hot spices - all this helps to relax the veins. Long standing and long walks should be avoided, but walking is essential, as walking favors venous circulation and good muscle tone. Swimming is very helpful. Gymnastics is best done in a prone position. In no case should you get fat. If necessary, you need to undergo a course of hydrotherapy, treatment with phlebotonics or sclerosants.

Traditional medicine for narrowing varicose veins recommends wiping the skin over them daily in the morning and evening with apple cider vinegar. They also recommend the reception of a divorced apple cider vinegar inside (1 teaspoon per 1 glass of water - drink during the day).

If you choose the right cosmetics and follow the rules of care, the results will exceed all your expectations - the skin will always be young, fresh, velvety.

Agree that certain knowledge is needed in order to properly care for the skin, to understand what it needs. The Anatomy of the Skin article will help you understand why it is important to follow the rules for cosmetic procedures.
To correctly determine your skin type, read the advice of a beautician "How to correctly determine the type of skin?". In this article, you will learn how to determine your skin type visually and using a special questionnaire.
But cosmetics need to be selected not only by skin type, but also taking into account age. Therefore, in the article “Why is it necessary to choose products that are appropriate for your age?” I will tell you what changes occur in the skin after 25 years and what problems cosmetic products designed to care for such skin solve.
Now in shops and markets there are a lot of cosmetics of various quality and price. The question arises, what to choose? You will find the answer in the article “Analysis of the cosmetics market”, in which I will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of cosmetics different classes. Knowing the advantages and disadvantages of different classes of cosmetics, you can deliberately and competently make a decision.
Skin care must include the following procedures: cleansing, nourishing, moisturizing, protecting and stimulating. The main stages of care: cleansing, deep cleansing, moisturizing, toning and protection, are standard for all skin types, only care products are individually selected. From the article "Steps of skin care" you will learn which cosmetics medical cosmetics suitable for every step. And I'll tell you what it will be positive effect from proper, step-by-step skin care.
Choosing the right skin care products is only half the battle. In order for the skin to be healthy and to get the maximum effect from creams, masks, they must be applied correctly. Some women rub the cream very hard into the skin, thinking that it will definitely help with wrinkles. And the wrinkles keep getting bigger. What to do in this case? Read the advice of a beautician in the article "Massage lines of the face and the technique of applying cream."
One of the most common causes of acne, blackheads is improper skin cleansing. The problem of the appearance of teenage acne deserves a separate article, as there are many factors. But in this article, "What's Behind the Letters pH?" I will touch on only one - the destruction of the acid mantle of the skin. Pay attention to the acid-base balance chart and the pH values ​​of various cosmetics.
Looking and feeling good in winter is not easy. Due to exposure to snow, wind and cold, the skin becomes capricious. Of course, you need to properly care for your skin at any time of the year, but you should especially pay attention to this in winter. What means to use for each type of skin, as well as what to avoid, you will learn from the article "Proper skin care in winter is very important!". This article also discusses little tricks on how to improve the condition of each skin type.
I advise you to carefully read all the advice of a beautician, then the results will exceed your expectations.
If you have any questions, write, I will be happy to answer.

Skin anatomy

The skin is the largest organ that protects us from the negative effects of the environment and needs constant and careful care. The skin consists of three main layers - epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous fatty tissue. The appearance of our skin is determined mainly by its two layers - the dermis and epidermis.
Consider the structure of the skin in more detail. Deepest is the hypodermis or subcutaneous adipose tissue.

Hypodermis (subcutaneous adipose tissue) is fatty tissue that provides thermal insulation and accumulation of nutrients. Why does the skin need hypodermis? It protects internal organs from mechanical damage. What would happen without this layer? The traumatic effect would be directly on the vital organs located under the skin. In addition, the hypodermis protects the body from excessive cooling, protects against external stimuli, and serves as a depot in which reserves of fat are deposited, consumed during illness, starvation, or in case of pregnancy.
There is a vascular network in the hypodermis. It transports arterial and venous blood. The vascular network also includes the lymphatic system. At this level are sweat glands. This part of the skin is very rich in nerve endings and fibers.
An important feature of subcutaneous adipose tissue is that in women and men it is very different in its structure, mass, nature and localization. These differences are due to the function of childbearing. In the stronger sex, the fibers of the subcutaneous adipose tissue are arranged horizontally, like bricks, in several floors. In women, they run vertically, like the stripes of a zebra. The share of adipose tissue in men accounts for about 12% total weight body, and in women - 25%. In men, adipose tissue is concentrated mainly on the waist, abdomen and shoulders, in women - in the hips and buttocks. This knowledge will come in handy when we talk about the problem of cellulite.
If you look at the illustration, then the next layer above the hypodermis is the dermis.

Dermis- this is directly the skin, as an organ that has a lot of functions. These are breathing and protection, thermoregulation and excretion. The dermis consists of two layers: papillary and reticular. It contains collagen fibers, elastic and reticular fibers that make up the skin frame. Collagen fibers consist of collagen protein and are responsible for giving and maintaining body contours, such as facial contours. Elastin fibers consist of elastin and are responsible for the elasticity of the skin, the ability to return to its previous state after stretching.
The dermis can be compared to a mattress, in which the elastic fibers of collagen and elastin proteins perform the function of springs. The space between the "springs" is filled with a gel - water absorbed with the help of hyaluric acid. The cells of the dermis produce an intercellular substance (on which the epidermis rests). Fibroblasts are located in the dermis - cells that synthesize blood vessels, hair follicles, sebaceous and sweat glands.
Why do we need all these details? Any violations in this layer entail a loss of elasticity, firmness of the skin, as well as the formation of wrinkles. If a small network of wrinkles or deep large wrinkles appear, then the problem is at this level of the skin.

What else of interest can be found at this level of the skin? For example, hair muscle, which is attached to the hair shaft and to the very last layer of the skin. The hair muscle does not have a rigid fixation, and strong massage and hard rubbing contribute to its displacement, which generally contributes to the appearance of wrinkles and deformities.
In most cases, our muscles are attached to the bones of the skeleton. If we try to move any muscle, it will still remain in its place. For example, the mimic muscles of the face allow you to reflect a whole range of feelings, however, if the muscles did not have the necessary attachment, it’s scary to think what our face would eventually turn into.
But what is the purpose of the hair muscle? In extreme situations, our body releases a number of hormones, such as adrenaline, which can cause these muscles to contract. If we are frightened, frozen or “lay down” a limb, the hairs on it will rise “on end”, this is a protective reaction of our body.
In the illustration next to the hair muscle and hair, we see sebaceous gland that comes to the surface of the skin. Remember this location, we will need it in the future. Sebaceous glands secrete a secret called sebum, which softens the skin, gives it elasticity.
Let's get back to the illustration. The next layer above the dermis is the epidermis.
Epidermis consists of several layers, the uppermost of which is formed by flat cells. The life cycle of such a cell begins in the very depths of the epidermis (germinal or basal layer) and ends in the outer layer, called the stratum corneum. As the cells move towards the surface of the skin, they lose moisture, fill with keratin, and become flat. The process of renewal (regeneration) of the skin is also called skin cycles .
If you lead a healthy lifestyle and properly care for your skin, the outer layer should be completely renewed within a month. At the same time, the skin has a smooth surface and a healthy appearance. But there are many reasons that make this process difficult.
For example, the separation of horny scales slows down with age, and in people with oily skin, giving it a pale, grayish tint. The thickness of the stratum corneum increases during taking sunbathing, as it forms a kind of protective barrier against ultraviolet rays.
Even on the basement membrane there is a pigment melanin, the amount of which determines the color of the skin. When we have a problem with skin pigmentation, especially after childbirth, we will already know at what level of the skin this problem begins.
The next layer of the epidermis is spiny , it is unique in that there is an abundant lymphatic network. The lymphatic system is the frontier of our immune system. As soon as we suffer from some kind of infection, for example, a leak, the lymph nodes increase. They do not just increase, they begin to produce their own antibiotics. Each person has an individual, unique set of antibiotics. We will talk about this a little later, when we consider the problem of acne.
After the spiny layer comes - granular layer . The granular layer contains the Rhine barrier. It is very thin, but important in our body. What is Ryan's barrier for? It does not allow excess moisture to get inside, and too much liquid to get out. This property valid when someone decides, for example, to take a bath. Without Ryan's barrier, the person would swell up like a cotton swab and absorb all the water. Or vice versa, he went out into the sun, and all the moisture would leave his body ... In addition, not all cosmetics can overcome this Ryan barrier. We will also return to this feature of our skin.
The next layer is brilliant . It lies above Rine's barrier. From its name, brilliant, you can understand that its task is to reflect ultraviolet so that it does not penetrate the skin and does not contribute to the formation of cancer cells.
The next after the shiny layer - stratum corneum . It, in turn, is divided into three levels. Omitting complex details, we only note that the lowest layer is a very dense layer, the cells are tightly adjacent to each other. In the second level, this density weakens, and the third level - skin cells are "in free swimming", ready to exfoliate.
The formation of epidermal cells can be compared to a large construction site, where the result depends on many factors: is there necessary materials, what is their quality, are they delivered on time, etc. In addition, it is important what condition the object is in: whether a new building is under construction or a dilapidated building is being renovated. An important role is played by the protection of the object from "vandals" - pathogenic microorganisms. Obviously, the more problems accumulate, the more difficult it is to solve them with the help of any one tool.
So, we found out that the skin is the largest organ, performs various functions associated with metabolism, participates in water-salt, carbohydrate and protein metabolism and is of great importance in the functioning of the immune system.
Special Role assigned respiratory function skin. Skin respiration and redox processes are closely related and depend on the functions of the sweat glands.
Here we are introduced to the anatomy of the skin. This knowledge is enough to properly care for the skin, to understand what it needs. This material will help you understand why it is important to follow the rules for cosmetic procedures.
To choose cosmetics, you should determine your skin type, as well as correctly evaluate it. Current state. Therefore, pay attention to how to determine your skin type visually and using a special questionnaire.

How to correctly determine the type of skin?

To properly care for your skin, you need to know its type. The further care program and features of cosmetics depend on the type of skin. Why do I draw your attention to what is needed Right determine your skin type? Sometimes women come to me for a consultation who say: “I have fat type skin, please find something for me”, or “I have very dry skin, like parchment, help me choose what suits me best”. However, one should distinguish between the type of skin that is laid down by nature, and the problems that appear on the skin after some time, if you have not taken care of it properly.
For example, a woman complains about increased fat content skin, but the natural type of her skin is dry. In this case, she could apply a cream that makes her sebaceous gland actively work and expend potential earlier than it is laid down by nature. Agree, this is a problem of a completely different kind? Or, another situation, someone has an oily skin type in all respects, and complains of dryness. This is due to improper care, the sebaceous gland has already used up its potential, and it needs to be treated.
If you are faced with a similar problem, then you need to treat the skin based on its current condition.
The following questionnaire and signs various types skin will help to identify problems that appear when using low-quality cosmetics.
For example, if by all indications (the skin is shiny, has a grayish tint, the pores are enlarged) you have a fat type, and the results of the questionnaire turned out to be some other, then you need to treat the skin.

I note that everyone's skin should be normal, but due to various factors, it becomes either dry or oily. Properly selected medical cosmetics after a certain time will bring your skin back to normal.

The main signs of dry skin:

it is very thin, delicate, matte; has small, almost imperceptible pores, the sun, cold or wind reacts with redness and irritation. On such skin, wrinkles, milia appear early (in the common people - “millets”).

The main signs of oily skin:

excessive sebaceous sheen, hyperfunction of the sebaceous glands (seborrhea), enlarged pores, infiltrates (dense red spots) often appear, there is a tendency to the appearance of white and black comedones, blackheads, cysts of the sebaceous glands. Oily skin is usually thick, rough, has a grayish tint, and does not hold makeup well.

The main signs of normal skin:

almost always clean, fresh, supple, smooth and elastic to the touch. She doesn't peel off pink shade, which is an indicator of uniform blood supply. Normal skin contains a sufficient amount of moisture and fatty lubrication, black dots are practically not visible on it.

The main signs of combination skin:

on the forehead, nose, in the middle part under the nose, on the chin there are more sebaceous glands, the skin is more oily and porous - signs of oily skin. This area is called the "T-zone", as together with the forehead and nose, it forms a T-shaped zone. On the temples, cheeks, the skin is even, thin, the pores are almost invisible - signs of dry skin. If the difference between the oily area of ​​​​the skin and the dry one is small, then such skin is referred to as the normal type. If the difference between dry and oily areas is large, then such skin is usually referred to as a combined type. Therefore, the T-zone is treated like oily skin, and in the area of ​​the cheeks, temples, products for dry skin are used. The following questionnaire will help determine the condition of your skin at the moment.

Questionnaire

1. What sensations do you experience on the skin after treatment with foam or soap?
a) stretched, as if the skin "has become small" for your face;

c) dry, sometimes itchy;
d) gentle, very pleasant;
e) dry in some places, smooth in others.

2. What was your skin like after treatment with a cleansing cream or milk?
a) pleasant;
b) smooth, without discomfort;
c) sometimes pleasant, sometimes itchy;
d) very oily;
e) sometimes oily, sometimes smooth.

3. How does your skin usually look in the middle of the day?
a) peeling spots appear on it;
b) fresh and clean;
c) flaky spots appear on it, slight redness;
d) shine;
e) glossy in the area of ​​the nose, forehead and chin (in the T-shaped zone).

4. How often do you get acne?
a) almost never
b) occasionally before or during critical days;
c) sometimes;
d) often;
e) often in the region of the nose, forehead and chin (in the T-shaped zone).

5. How does the skin react when you apply tonic or lotion to your face?
a) there is a burning sensation;
b) no problems;
c) burns and itches;
d) feeling of freshness;
e) in places a feeling of freshness, in places a burning sensation.

6. How does your skin react to oily night cream?
a) very pleasant sensations;
b) pleasant sensations;
c) sometimes pleasant, sometimes irritation is felt;
d) the skin becomes very oily;
e) oily skin in the area of ​​the nose, forehead and chin (in the T-shaped zone), discomfort on the cheeks.
Now review your answers. If the answer prevails among them:
a - your skin is dry;
b - normal skin;
c - sensitive skin;
g - oily skin;
e - skin of a mixed (combined) type, with a predominance of oily.
Now we know how to correctly determine the type of skin.
When choosing cosmetics for your skin type, it is very important to understand the condition of the skin. What is meant?
How do you imagine dry skin? If like a desert with dry soil and absolutely still air, then everything is correct. That's exactly what she looks like. What needs to be done to make it shine again and become elastic?
What do you usually do if your code pulled off? You reach for a jar of fat cream. And let's compare our skin with dried fruit, for example, with dried apricots. Smear it with fat cream - what, has it turned into a juicy peach? No! And if you put it in a glass of water, then it will smooth out and become more or less elastic.
For our resilience skin, first of all, moisture is responsible. But our pretty face can tighten not only due to lack of moisture. For example, if the protective layer of the skin is broken. It is enough to wash with soap a couple of times to disable the hydro-lipid layer of the film for three hours, which retains moisture and controls its level in our skin.
Do not confuse the concepts dry" and "dehydrated" skin. The first is the type of skin, its permanent condition. And dehydration is a temporary phenomenon. Dry and normal, combination and even oily skin can experience dehydration.
There are several ways to recognize dry and dehydrated skin.
If you pinch small a piece of skin, and a wrinkled fold remains on it for a long time, then you have dry skin. On dry skin, vessels are clearly visible, constantly responding to temperature changes. Also, wrinkles are noticeable on dry skin and they are difficult to correct.
If pinched in crease dehydrated skin, it heals very quickly. Vessels on dehydrated skin do not cause concern for their condition. And if you restore the normal level of moisture, fine wrinkles on the skin are quickly smoothed out.
Often in dehydration skin, we ourselves are to blame. But there are also those factors that are beyond our control - skin aging. Over time, the process of lipid production slows down, and moisture in our skin is no longer retained. The situation is also spoiled by various bad habits. Among the factors affecting dehydration, one can also highlight the passion for tanning, frequent use of laxatives and diuretics, sudden changes in temperature and dry indoor air.
Pay attention to why it is necessary to choose products that are appropriate for your age. To answer this question, let's follow the changes that occur in the skin after 25 years, and consider what problems cosmetic products designed to care for such skin solve.
The surface layer - the epidermis consists of cells that continuously divide and, as they grow, gradually moving towards the surface of the skin, die off. On contact with clothing or during water procedures these dead cells are sloughed off to make way for new ones. Thanks to this continuous process of cell renewal, the integrity of the skin is preserved and one of its main functions, protective, is ensured.

skin renewal cycle is a cycle of skin and tissue regeneration. From the moment a cell is born to the moment it reaches the surface of the skin. Each age has its own cycles, because with age the regeneration process slows down. What is skin stabilization? This is a slowdown in regeneration up to 3-4 months.
Other undesirable changes occur with age: the skin loses moisture, the production of collagen and elastin, the main proteins of the dermis, slows down, respectively, the structure of collagen and elastin fibers is disturbed. The skin loses its ability to effectively protect itself from the negative effects of the environment; its elasticity, elasticity decreases, wrinkles appear.

The main functions of cosmetic products for skin care after 25 years:

• restoration of the rate of renewal (regeneration) of skin cells.
• intense hydration of the skin, which occurs due to the use of moisturizing ingredients for a long time.
• acceleration of the synthesis of collagen and elastin fibers.

However, attention should be paid to the fact that use of age cosmetics, which contains potent active ingredients, undesirable for the care of very young skin (under 25 years old). For young skin, the components that slow down aging are not only not useful, but also harmful: the skin, when using such products, will very soon begin to “lazy”, will not be able to recover on its own, and will use up its potential earlier.
It is believed that products for young skin can be used at an older age. However, it is not. Some processes in young and mature skin are fundamentally different: after 30 years, collagen synthesis begins to slow down, and the upper protective layer of the epidermis becomes thicker. Cosmetics for young skin will not give mature skin necessary nutrition, so it will be useless.
There are women who are 40-45 years old, and their skin age was 25-27 years. The skin condition is good, the care was correct. You can keep the process of skin cell renewal at a certain level. With proper care, the process of skin stabilization can occur by the age of 100. It is not at all necessary that at 45 your skin renewal cycle will be 30-31 days. But there is also a situation when the girl is only 20 years old, and the age of the skin is 31-32 years old, as far as the skin was depleted. The girl used cosmetics incorrectly, and was faced with a secondary sign of a skin defect.
So, the skin renewal cycle is not determined by your biological age, but by the condition of the skin. It is important to correctly define the update cycle, as this will depend on the duration treatment program, and after it - the duration of use of various creams.
Thus, we will select cosmetics taking into account the type of skin, its condition and season. Now in shops and markets there are a lot of cosmetics of various quality and price. The question arises, what to choose?

Market analysis of cosmetics

Everyone noticed that the same type of products from different manufacturers are very different in price. What determines the price, and how does it correlate with the quality of the product?
In world practice, it is customary to distinguish four main categories of cosmetics. It is classified both by price level, and by technology, traditions of manufacturers and methods of implementation.

Professional cosmetics

Professional cosmetics are usually called salon cosmetics. It is used by professional cosmetologists in beauty salons and specialists in cosmetic clinics. Beauticians are specially trained to work with this cosmetics and have a fairly narrow profile. By quality professional cosmetics very good. In such cosmetics, as a rule, there are a lot of active substances, so it is unsafe to use it uncontrollably. It is selected individually, depending on the needs of the skin, and the effect of its use is quite noticeable. Professional cosmetics are produced, as a rule, systematically and are very expensive. It uses high-tech synthetic ingredients.
When a woman regularly goes to the salon and undergoes some procedures, she gets a good result. But if she is late with the next visit to the beauty parlor, then there are complications inside the skin.
Professional cosmetics act like a dope, consuming the potential of the skin. The potential of your skin is calculated, let's say, for 90 years, and since the stimulants have got into the skin, the skin begins to work intensively. Yes, of course it is restored, but the potential of your skin will be used up faster. It turns out that people are "addicted" to this cosmetics. And if they refuse this cosmetics, then there are complications on the face. And manufacturers began to think that it was time to change something in this. They are looking for new technologies to move to the medical level.

Cosmetics "Lux"

As a rule, these are cosmetics for regular home use, which is based on the development directly of this company.
This is the most expensive class of cosmetics. She is prestigious. It is sold in specialized boutiques. It is offered to us by trained sales consultants. The packaging was created by designers, the names of manufacturers sound like a song in our souls. Cosmetics, of course, are excellent, but the prices for them are sometimes simply fantastic.
We often think that expensive cosmetics cost so much because they contain expensive (and high-quality) ingredients. Is it so? Partly, yes. But most often the cost of ingredients is a fraction of a percent of the cost of cosmetics. Relatively expensive only biologically active additives. As a rule, the main “contribution” to the cost of cosmetics is made by advertising. And the wonderful bottle in which the remedy is enclosed is sometimes not cheap. Cosmetics "Lux" will suit those who are willing to pay for the prestige of the brand and impeccable packaging.

Cosmetics "Mass Market"

The bottom rung in the hierarchy is occupied by the mass market / middle market class. In this class, sometimes a “subsection” middle up is also distinguished - somewhat better than just “mass” (Revion, Mary Kay). Cosmetologists, however, put all these "markets" on the same level, although recognizing that the best examples cosmetics of some series of middle up - class are adjacent to luxury cosmetics.
Such cosmetics are sold through retail stores. Prominent representatives: L "oreal, Nivea, Synergie, Lumene, Florena. Main part Russian cosmetics also belongs to this class.
The mass market also includes cosmetics sold through network marketing consultants, as well as through catalog trade, sometimes through branded stores: Oriflame, Faberlic, Yves Rocher.
It is not worth making too high demands on this cosmetics. Its main purpose is daily care on the skin without any problems. As a rule, it pleases buyers with relatively low prices and quite acceptable design.
Ingredients can be both high-quality and cheap. The complex of vitamins is absent, but there may be single inclusions. For example, "Black Pearl" night cream with vitamin E is one vitamin. Mass-market cosmetics are not produced in a complex or unsystematic way.
Mass market High Quality At least it won't hurt your skin. And here low level mass market may cause complications or secondary skin problems. There are primary problems that arise due to the body itself, for example, internal slagging of the body. But the secondary ones, this is when there were primary problems, we started to look after, but incorrectly, or use mass-market cosmetics, and aggravated the situation.

Medical cosmetics

Around the same price category medical cosmetics. Cosmetics "Placentol" based on placenta emulsion, cosmetics based on Baldon mud, cream "Selena" based on mink oil - all these are medical cosmetics. It is affordable because it is sold through network marketing. Many companies produce products based on thermal water, the healing properties of which have been known for 2,000 years, and such cosmetics are available in pharmacies.
The purpose of using such cosmetics is to heal the skin. It is produced systematically and is very effective. If desired, then you can switch to any other cosmetics. The quality level of medical cosmetics is equal to the level of luxury and the level of professional cosmetics.
Almost all cosmetics are from patented complexes, you will hardly find analogues in the world. The presence of modern equipment and highly professional specialists made it possible to quickly organize the production of unique drugs for the prevention of diseases and the treatment of people.
So where do you stop? Just decide what is important to you in cosmetics. Lux is suitable for those who are willing to pay for the prestige of the brand, professional cosmetics - who have extra money and a lot of free time, who have to deal with problems (but then you can’t do without constant visits to a beautician, or even to other specialists).
The only thing I would like to warn against buying cheap mass-market cosmetics. Unless, of course, you are going to smear the purchased cream on your shoes. The best option, in my opinion, is medical cosmetics.

Advantages of medical cosmetics:

• It has affordable price, but not inferior in quality to Lux cosmetics and professional cosmetics,
• cosmetics developed by candidates of medical sciences, doctors of sciences and produced in biochemistry laboratories, tested for years, under the supervision of dermatologists.
• cosmetics created by high technology based on natural raw materials,
• cosmetics does not cause complications, but rather treats the skin,
• creams penetrate down to the basal layer, other cosmetics do not penetrate so deeply, therefore, they do not nourish the cells when they are born,
• if you wish, you can switch to any other cosmetics, but I assure you that you will not want to do this.

Now we know the advantages and disadvantages of different classes of cosmetics and can deliberately make a competent decision. I recommend using medical cosmetics, which you can order in the LiSa store

Skin care steps

Skin care must include the following procedures: cleansing, nourishing, moisturizing, protecting and stimulating. The main stages of care are standard for all skin types, only care products are selected individually.
It is important to remember that Every skin needs daily cleansing, deep cleansing, moisturizing, toning and protection. Moisturizing is necessary for the skin after 25 years, because the regeneration process slows down, it is very important to give skin cells " construction material". Stimulation is especially important for aging skin after 40 years, when the elastin-collagen complex is broken, deep wrinkles appear, and the face acquires an earthy tint.
Young skin does not need stimulating and nourishing creams at all, but proper daily and deep cleaning is important.
Please read carefully about the skin care steps, paying attention to the positive results. In the articles I give the names of cosmetic products for procedures that you can buy in the LiSa online store

Cosmetics are more effective when applied to cleansed skin. I recommend that you stop washing with tap water and soap, as this leads to the destruction of the protective water-lipid mantle, leaching of moisture-retaining substances, as well as lipids from the stratum corneum of the skin, which can lead to the fact that even oily skin turns into dry. And the skin will need to be treated for a long time.

Daily skin cleansing

It is necessary to use special products designed for daily cleansing of the skin. Cleansing should be done twice a day. In the morning we remove the products of the "night" vital activity of skin cells, and in the evening we remove the dirt and cosmetics that have accumulated during the day. Cleansing is done with a product for your skin type to remove dirt without depriving the skin of vital moisture.
Most of my clients ask why wash your face thoroughly in the morning, can you just rinse your face with water? If you live in a city, then breathe carbon monoxide, tar, slagging of the body inevitably occurs. The skin removes toxins overnight, heavy metals to the surface of the skin. Wash your face in the morning to remove these harmful substances. If we do not wash thoroughly and apply daily cream, then all the dirt, together with the cream, will penetrate deep into the skin.
So, we gently and along the massage lines with our fingertips apply a cleanser to the face and décolleté area. Leave for 1 minute, then wash off along the massage lines with filtered water, clean the skin with special water - micellar sponge, clean very dry skin with milk, then tone up, for each skin type a special tonic.

Products for daily skin cleansing

• PURETE THERMALE (foam, milk 3in1 Integral, micellar water), for oily skin - NORMADERM (gel, gel scrub, 3in1 product, micellar water), Vichy

• Physio (foam, gel, micellar water), for oily skin - Effaclar (gel, micellar water), La Roche-Posey.

Deep skin cleansing

In addition to daily cleansing, skin needs deep cleansing. Deep cleansing of the skin is necessary for absolutely everyone, regardless of skin type, age and gender. The difference will be only in the frequency of the procedure from 1 to 3 times a week. Deep cleansing helps to remove dead cells from the surface of the skin, cleanses the pores, stimulates blood circulation and metabolic processes, and also accelerates the process of skin renewal.

Skin deep cleansing products

• for normal, combination, dry skin: Exfoliating exfoliating cream PURETE THERMALE (Vichy);

• for oily skin: Gel Scrub NORMADERM, Means 3in1 NORMADERM (Vichy).

Benefits and results of using special skin cleansing products

The benefits of skin cleansers that you can buy in the online store:

• peelings do not contain coarse particles that can injure the skin;
• preparations do not contain chemical elements, which have a toxic effect and can damage cells;
• high efficiency is due to biologically active components, acting gently, but very effectively.

Positive result from daily and deep cleaning:

Cleansing the skin without removing natural oils and breaking the acidic skin surface, leaving the skin softer and fresher. Skin cleansing products remove impurities and make-up, remove dead cells from the surface of the skin and activate blood supply processes.
After cleansing, the skin needs to be protonated and moisturized. Tonic should be selected according to your skin type. The tone is created due to the fact that the complex penetrates deep into the skin to the dermis. The tonic acts on the hair muscle and pore fibers, due to which it narrows.
Toners remove all traces of dirt, dust and grease left behind by the cleanser, refreshing the skin.
Any skin can suffer from a lack of moisture, a violation of the water-lipid balance of cells, so skin of any type must be moisturized. Moisturizers not only compensate for the loss of moisture, but also contribute to the penetration into the deeper layers of the skin of vitamins, biologically active components and other substances necessary for skin cells.

The skin can lose moisture when:

• improper care (for example, washing with tap water or soap);
• adverse climatic conditions (sudden temperature changes, dry air, etc.).

Due to the lack of moisture, the skin becomes sensitive, covered with fine wrinkles, quickly loses its elasticity and firmness.

Skin toning products

Over time, the skin gradually loses lipids, the water-lipid mantle is disturbed, the skin becomes dry, sensitive, and begins to peel off; there is a feeling of discomfort and a feeling of tightness. Applying nourishing creams, masks can eliminate the above problems.

Nourishing the skin is necessary in order to prevent the early appearance of wrinkles, maintain elasticity, compensate for the loss of fat and relieve the skin of peeling. For this purpose, nourishing products are used that suit your skin type.

Skin nutrition products

Due to the slowdown in the process of skin regeneration, wrinkles appear, the skin loses firmness and elasticity. Skin stimulants act on the factors and processes that lead to skin aging. As a result, these cosmetics stimulate metabolic processes in tissues, activate collagen synthesis, regenerate cells, and restore the integrity and uniformity of the skin.

Skin Stimulators

Our skin needs daily protection from the aggressive effects of ultraviolet rays, from adverse environmental conditions, sudden changes in temperature, cold, wind, etc. Therefore, after cleansing and toning the skin, it is imperative to apply a protective cream.
Protective cream needed to activate the shiny layer in the epidermis and protect the skin from UV exposure. Figuratively speaking, at this stage of care, we fill with cream, i.e. useful elements, all layers of the skin up to the basal. And as a result, when we go out into the street, our skin, figuratively speaking, is armored. Pollution and ultraviolet cannot penetrate deep into the skin. This is how the healing creams presented in the online store work.
The effect of mass-market creams, even of high quality, is somewhat different - they only pass to the Rhine barrier and remain there. Store-bought medicated creams can go deeper due to their fineness..

Skin protection products

• for 25-30 years old AQUALIA THERMAL, Vichy
• for 30-40 years LIFTACTIV RETINOL, Vichy
• for 40-50 years old LIFTACTIV DERMORESURS, Vichy
• for 50+ years NEOVADIOL Gf, Vichy;
• Hydraphase Intensive , La Roche Posey
• Nutritic, La Roche-Posey.

Facial massage lines and cream application

All procedures must be carried out not only on the face, but also in the decollete. In women and men, the décolleté is above four fingers placed horizontally from the nipple halo. We do not touch the area of ​​the thyroid gland and do not apply anything, it is enough to rinse with filtered water. The area that is below the décolleté area, we also do not touch and do not apply anything, because the mammary glands are located in this area.
In order to achieve maximum results from the use of medical cosmetics, It is important to follow the technique of applying cosmetics. Therefore, before I tell you about the stages of skin care, let's pay attention to the skin, in other words, massage lines.

• Spread a small amount of cosmetic over the entire forehead with your fingertips. We make movements from the middle of the forehead to the temples, alternately in opposite directions.
• Apply the product first on the area under the eyes, moving from the temples to the nose, then on the area under the eyebrows - in the direction from the nose to the temples.
• Next, evenly distribute the product from the middle of the chin along the lower jaw to the earlobes. We barely touch the skin.
• Smooth the skin with your fingers from the wings of the nose to the temples and from the corners of the mouth to the middle of the ear.
• Apply the product on the neck on the left and right, alternately. Spread it evenly, moving up to the chin, bypassing the thyroid area. Do not forget about the back of the neck, spread the cosmetic, moving down to the shoulder blades.
• With the outside of your hand, lightly pat the bottom of your chin with frequent, vigorous, but very light strokes.

Your hands should be relaxed when applying cosmetics. so that when you touch your face, you get the impression of softness and tenderness. Dear women, love yourself, no need to rub your face.
Why do all cosmetics need to be applied exactly along the massage lines? Because the lymphatic system and collagen fibers are located along the massage lines, and if we do everything across, we will destroy our collagen.
It is important to apply cosmetics not only along the massage lines, but also at a certain time. The skin has its own biorhythms when it is best suited for cosmetic procedures.
If you apply the cream later than 22:30, then swelling may appear in the morning. The washing system can also be carried out after 22:30 if you do not have time.

What is hidden behind the letters pH?

Hydrogen index (pH)- value characterizing the concentration of hydrogen ions.
Acid-base balance(acid-base balance)- the relative constancy of the hydrogen index (pH) of the internal environment of the body, due to joint action buffer and some physiological systems of the body.
Almost all living cells (including a number of bacterial ones) are very sensitive to changes in pH, and even a slight acidification is detrimental to them. Only the skin, covered with a layer of dead keratinized cells, can afford to put on an acid mantle (it is also called the Marchionini mantle).
The acid mantle of the skin is formed by a mixture of sebum and sweat, to which organic acids are added - lactic, citric and others. These acids are formed as a result of biochemical processes occurring in the epidermis. The acid mantle of the skin is the first line of defense against microorganisms, since the acidic environment is often fatal for them. And yet there are bacteria that constantly live on the skin, such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, lactobacilli. They prefer to live in an acidic environment, and even produce acids themselves, contributing to the formation of the acid mantle of the skin. Bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis not only do not harm the skin, but even release toxins that have an effect similar to antibiotics and inhibit the vital activity of pathogenic microflora.
Let's take a closer look at the acid-base balance scheme

5,2 - 5,7 normal type skin
4 - 5.2 oily skin type
5.7 - 7 dry skin type

The maximum alkali level allowed for human skin is 9 pH units

The maximum acid level allowed for human skin is 3 pH units

Frequent washing with alkaline soaps can destroy the acid mantle. Then the “good” acid-loving bacteria will find themselves in unusual conditions, and the “bad”, acid-sensitive bacteria will gain an advantage. When we are deprived of acid protection, the skin ages very quickly. Everything from infection to ultraviolet radiation goes deep inside - the skin wears out faster. Therefore, it may happen that in 20 years the skin looks 30 and older.
The acidity of the skin can change under the influence of environmental factors: exposure to direct sunlight, changes in perspiration, prolonged exposure to acidic or alkaline media(hard water, detergents, etc.).

The most common skin problem in adolescents - acne, acne. Often, in order to get rid of this problem, teenagers begin to wash themselves with soap. Soap has 9 - 11 pH units. As a result, oily skin (4 - 5.2 pH units, i.e. closer to acid) soap turns into a state of alkali. Irritation of the skin provokes a protective reaction - the skin begins to produce even more fat. A vicious circle is formed. That's why it is very important to properly cleanse the skin using special cosmetics.

The acidity of the skin is also disturbed in some diseases. For example, with fungal diseases, the pH rises to 6 units. (weakly acid reaction), with eczema up to 6.5 units. (almost neutral reaction), with acne up to 7 units. (neutral). It should be noted that at the level of the basal layer of the epidermis, where the germ cells are located, the pH of the skin becomes equal to the pH of the blood - 7.4 units.
What is important for us to know? The normal environment of our skin is acidic, it should always be so. If we take proper care of our face, then the pH factor will definitely be neutral. pH-neutral are considered indicators from 5.2 to 5.7 units.

Looking and feeling good in winter is not easy. Due to exposure to snow, wind and cold, the skin becomes capricious.
Of course, you need to properly care for your skin at any time of the year, but you should especially pay attention to this in winter.
You can say: the lower the thermometer, the more attention our skin needs. Only special care will help you spend the winter with comfort.

What happens to the skin in winter?

Our skin is very sensitive to the effects of cold. On each square centimeter of it there are more than 20 receptors that react to cold, and only 3 to heat.
In winter, the skin of the face, which is not protected from snow blizzards and frost, especially suffers. What happens to her?

• The skin flakes off, because in the cold the activity of the sebaceous glands drops sharply, the production of nourishing and protecting skin fats is reduced.
• The skin becomes dehydrated because the percentage of moisture evaporation from its surface increases. This is due to a drop in the natural humidity of the air.
• The skin turns red, because due to sudden changes in temperature, the load on the vessels increases and, as a result, blood supply worsens.

"Frost Laws"

• In no case do not rub the frozen skin with snow. Ice cubes will only hurt your skin. It is better to periodically massage your cheeks and nose in the cold with pressing and pinching movements. Or try taking a deep breath and holding the air. You will feel the blood rush to your face. Breathe out.
• Any Apply the cream at least one hour before leaving from a warm room.
• Do not get carried away with scrubs and peelings. It is enough to use peeling based on the placenta once a week.
• Do not forget, going out of town, and even more so on ski resort, bring an ambulance- face cream (Emulsion for dry skin type - La Roche-Posay Nutritic Emulsion 2.5%, Cream for very dry skin - La Roche-Posay Nutritic Cream 5%) and lipstick . Lipstick AQUALIA THERMAL will protect lips from cracking. Distinctive feature of this lipstick are powerful moisturizing and protecting ingredients.
• Don't get carried away with ice cubes, because contrast procedures are good in summer. In winter, it is better to take care of the skin - it is not easy for her to withstand weather conditions.
• It is better to refrain from gel-based creams in winter, or use them 2 hours before going outside.

In winter, the skin needs nourishment and hydration.

In winter, our skin, like the whole body, especially needs vitamins. Eat more fresh vegetables and fruits (citrus, kiwi, persimmon, pomegranate). Make nourishing, moisturizing masks. Be sure to use a night cream, because in the evening the skin recovers from stress and absorbs active substances well.
When choosing products for winter skin care, be sure to coordinate them with its natural type and age.
Always keep on hand thermal water spray- it will save the skin from the aggression of the dry air of the office or apartment.

dry skin care in winter

Skin of this type reacts to frosty weather by peeling. For thorough cleansing of dry skin, use soft means- milk or cream, which restore the acidic cover of the skin and have a slight moisturizing effect. After this procedure, it is better to use tonics. The skin around the eyes needs especially reverent care. The formation of wrinkles under the eyes occurs because the secretion of the sebaceous glands in these areas is negligible. Thin skin in the cold season becomes drier and drier, loses elasticity and firmness. Masks are best absorbed by the skin between 17.00 and 20.00. To get rid of flaky skin, use once a week. To do this, use the mask AQUALIA THERMAL, Vichy.

Oily skin care in winter

This type of skin feels good in winter. The skin is slightly shiny, but this deficiency is easily dealt with. Cleanse your skin morning and evening with NORMADERM gel or micellar water. When washing, you can use a sponge. Then the face must be well dried with a soft terry towel and wiped with lotion. As a day care - moisturizing care NORMADERM of global action, and as a night - chrono-active cream of directed action in the same range.

Winter care for normal and combination skin

When the difference between the T-zone and other areas of the face is not too great, the skin is considered normal. If the nose and chin have a greasy sheen, and the cheeks are flaky from dryness, in this case the skin type is combination, or mixed.
Cosmetologists say that most often combination skin occurs in adolescents. With age, the activity of the sebaceous glands decreases, the pores narrow, comedones, pimples and redness disappear, and the skin, as a rule, becomes normal. Usually, but not always! So, many women continue to suffer from an ugly oily sheen on the skin.

Can anything be done in such a situation?

First of all, owners of combination skin need to carefully care for it, especially the T-zone. The beginning of all beginnings is a thorough cleansing, which must be carried out both in the morning and in the evening. By removing not only external contaminants, but also a greasy film, you prevent the appearance of acne and normalize the pH level of the skin.
For combination skin, gels or foams are usually suitable, but never use alkaline soaps. Be sure to wash your face with gel, giving Special attention fatty areas. If the skin on your cheeks is very dry, then use milk to cleanse it, and use gel or foam only for the T-zone. Completes the cleansing procedure with a tonic that normalizes the functioning of the sebaceous glands.
Most The main thing in caring for combination skin is an individual approach. That is, different means should be used for different parts of the face. On the T-zone, for example, in no case should you apply fatty nourishing creams. These should be either moisturizers or special creams for combination skin (Hydrian Leger moisturizer, Hydraphase Legere Intensive, La Roche-Posey), which normalize the hydro-lipid balance and minimize the difference between dry and oily areas.
By the way, On dry skin, you can apply the cream more abundantly than on oily skin.. After applying, listen to your feelings: if the skin does not feel overloaded and tense, if it is calm and relaxed, then the remedy is chosen correctly.
For excessive sebum secretion on the nose, forehead and chin, use lighter creams (Efaclar K daily corrective regenerating emulsion for oily skin with anti-relapse effect, La Roche-Posey).
remember, that With the change of weather, cosmetics should also change! Contrasts of winter, such as frost and piercing wind, air dried up by central heating and a sharp temperature drop when we leave warm rooms on the street ... All this greatly injures the skin, and it needs reverent care.

Each woman has her own special beauty habits: the order of application of funds, the use of some products and the exclusion of others. In all this, it is important to observe regularity, and it is even better to listen to the opinion of experts and improve what is already there.

Abigail James is one of the most famous celebrity cosmetologists in Britain. She has not only truly encyclopedic knowledge in her field, but also golden hands. This man definitely knows all the secrets beautiful face and today we invite you to familiarize yourself with her recommendations in order to immediately add a useful and important variety to your beauty routine.

1. Stick to a strict schedule

Rule number one for the health and beauty of the skin: it must be clean, for this, before all the manipulations, cleanse the skin of the face twice a day, both in the morning and in the evening, in any way convenient for you. After that, use a toner and then immediately apply an eye cream if you want it to really work. This is important because it makes it easier for the ingredients from the product to penetrate through thin skin century. Then use a serum, moisturizer, sun protection with SPF, in general, the whole list of what you choose for yourself individually.

Helpful advice: if you are prone to puffiness, then use eye care products in the morning rather than at night.

2. Cream application technique

To get rid of puffiness, dark circles around the eyes, swelling and tightening the upper eyelid must be applied correctly.

When working with the area around the eyes, remember that you need to move from the outer corners of the eyes towards the inside, towards the nose, not forgetting to cover the area where crow's feet most often appear.
To get rid of dark circles, you should apply the cream with light patting movements, acting like drumsticks with your fingers. This method sounds like a trick, but it actually stimulates the movement of lymph around the eyes, thereby improving blood circulation and strengthening tissues.
To get rid of puffiness, you should lightly, only slightly (!) Press on the area around the eyes and lightly and very gently pull the skin down, but do not pull it too hard. This is also a kind of useful lymphatic drainage massage.
But to tighten the upper eyelid will help light pressure on the bone under the eyebrow during the application of the cream.

3. Exfoliate

Exfoliation or exfoliation helps the skin literally change before our eyes, with relative regularity. This is an important step in skin care. If you have a normal problem skin, then exfoliation helps her literally shine and look brighter, removing a layer of dead cells. In addition, this step helps serums and other moisturizers to penetrate deeper into the layers of the skin and they begin to work much faster.
Peeling can be completely different, using a cloth in the process of cleansing the skin or using special scrubs with small abrasive particles, or using special enzymes and acids. Each of them is good in its own way, so you can choose to stick with one or alternate between them from time to time.

4. Use a serum

Serums, or so-called face serums, are light textured products loaded with a heavy, concentrated artillery of beneficial ingredients not found in moisturizers. Make it a habit to apply serums immediately after cleansing, and only then move on to thicker products, such as moisturizers.

Your beauty routine can do without a serum, but if you start using it regularly, you will see a difference.

5. Daily massage and no excuses!

In order to massage the face, it is not necessary to be an expert in this field. However, massage can change your face for the better, from skin elasticity and tone to color.
In this case, the massage will not cost you a penny, and you will see the effect. Moreover, you can massage your face already during cleansing, get used to multitasking.

6. Full lips without injections

You can make your lips plumper on your own with the help of one of the yoga techniques that helps stimulate blood flow in the lips. It is very easy to do, just watch the video.

7. The right lip balm

If you love using lip balms, don't use the ones that contain mineral oil. On the lips, they feel nice and seem to moisturize, but all the while it is on the lips, in the long run they dry out the skin even more, because they do not moisturize it and are not absorbed. It is better to dwell on those balms that have vegetable oils in their composition.

8. Drink more water

Keep a bottle or pitcher of water in plain sight at the start of the day so you don't forget to drink more. It is difficult only at first, but then it easily becomes a habit. In the end, you can cut back on coffee and tea.

9. Supplement your coffee with water

If you still cannot live without an invigorating aromatic drink, then every time after you drink coffee, not immediately, but after a while, use the same amount of pure water. Coffee and tea are liquids, they are not recognized by the body and do not provide the same benefits as water. If you drink water after coffee, you will not erase it from your life, but at the same time you will receive useful hydration of all tissues, including the face.