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Hardening of children up to 1 year. Hardening of children of the first year of life

Hardening is the leading method of increasing the resistance of the child's body. When a child is born, it enters a new environment. Nature endowed the baby with many different adaptive and protective mechanisms so that he could survive and begin to develop in this environment. So, for example, a child has thermoregulation mechanisms that prevent overheating and hypothermia. By wrapping up a child, creating hothouse conditions for him, we "deprive" these mechanisms of work.

To obtain a positive effect from hardening, it is necessary to observe some general rules:
1. The systematic use of hardening procedures in all seasons without interruption
2. Interruptions in hardening lead to a weakening of the adaptive mechanisms that are formed under the influence of hardening procedures. Even in adults, after 3-4 weeks after the termination of hardening procedures, the developed resistance to cold is sharply weakened. In children in the 1st year of life, the effect of adaptation disappears in an even shorter time - after 5-7 days. As the conditions associated with the seasons change, the procedures must be varied without completely abolishing them. For example, a summer shower in winter can be replaced by dousing your feet.
3. It is possible to ensure systematic hardening procedures throughout the year only if they are firmly included in the child’s daily routine and are combined with the usual activities held at different times of the day (washing, walking, sleeping, playing, hygienic bath, etc. d.).
4. Gradual increase in the strength of the irritating effect
Hardening is based on the ability of the body to gradually adapt to unusual conditions. Resistance to low temperatures must be brought up consistently, but continuously. The transition from weaker hardening procedures to stronger ones (by lowering the temperature of air, water and increasing the duration of the procedure) must be carried out gradually. This is especially important for young children and debilitated children (premature, malnourished, rickets, exudative diathesis or other allergic diseases).

Sunbathing hardening
The sun and air in combination with swimming have a beneficial effect on the body.
However, in order to ensure the maximum healing effect and not cause harm, it is necessary to follow the rule of using solar radiation in the summer - it should be used carefully.

In pursuit of a tan, you can damage your health, because the healing effect of solar radiation appears at doses that are not
cause intense skin pigmentation. Improper use of the sun can lead to overheating of the body (heat stroke) and sunburn on the skin. The first signs are dizziness, headache, nausea, shortness of breath.
The human body is affected not only by direct solar radiation, but also diffused, so sunbathing can be taken in the shade.

Morning hours are favorable for solar procedures:
in the south until 11 o'clock,
in the middle lane up to 12 hours,
you need to take them 1.5 hours after eating,
After sunbathing, dousing with cool water (+ 16-18 ° C), and then good rubbing is useful.

Therapeutic effect:
cause positive changes in the nervous, respiratory systems, musculoskeletal system;
improve metabolism;
increase the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the blood;
improve the composition of the lymph;
have a beneficial effect on the activity of the digestive system and the function of the pancreas;
increase the overall tone of the body, its resistance to infections;
have an anti-rachitic effect (under the influence of sunlight, vitamin D is formed in the body, which is necessary for the normal development of the skeletal system).

With any hardening measures, it is necessary to take into account the age and state of health of the child and the individual characteristics of his body. With age, the load should be gradually increased. The weaker the child, the more carefully one should approach the hardening procedures, but it is necessary to harden it! If the child does get sick, consult a doctor if it is possible to continue at least some procedures with a reduced impact force; if this cannot be done, you will have to start all over again after recovery.
Carrying out hardening procedures against the background of a positive mood of the child.
Any hardening event should be carried out after creating a good mood for the child. Crying, the appearance of a feeling of anxiety or fear of hardening procedures should not be allowed. If by the time
the procedure, the child is upset with something, cries, it is better to postpone the procedure for another time or completely cancel it: it will no longer be possible to obtain a positive effect from this procedure.

During hardening, be sure to check the condition of the child's skin:
the procedure can be carried out only if the nose and limbs are warm. If the child is chilled and already has vasoconstriction, it will not be possible to develop a positive reaction to hardening, only the opposite effect can be obtained. Overheating is also harmful: it increases the moisture content of the skin, which changes its thermal conductivity, as a result of which even moderate exposure to cool water or air can lead to significant hypothermia of the child's body.

air hardening
I way- ventilation of the room. Air hardening begins with this. The best way to ventilate is through, it can be arranged in the absence of a child. The hardening factor in airing the room is to lower the temperature by 1-2 ° C. In autumn and winter, it is necessary to ventilate the room 4-5 times a day for 10-15 minutes. In summer, the window should be open, the optimum air temperature in the room where the baby is located is + 20-22 ° C. Studies have shown that at a higher temperature in the room, the growth and development of the child is delayed.

II method- a walk, including a dream in the air. It is advisable to spend as much time as possible outdoors. In the summer outside the city, it is advisable to take food, sleep, gymnastics, and games into the fresh air. It is useful to walk at any time of the year, just do not forget that you need to dress according to the weather. Don't wrap the baby! Children from 2-3 weeks of age in the cold season at an air temperature not lower than -5 ° C should be taken out into the street.
The duration of the first procedure is 10 minutes, in the future, the walking time should be increased to 1.5-2 hours and walking twice a day. In the warm season, walks with a child should be daily, 2-3 times a day, between feedings for 2-2.5 hours.

III way- air baths. Under the influence of air baths, oxygen absorption increases, heat exchange conditions change significantly, the state of the child's nervous system improves - he becomes calmer, eats and sleeps better.

For children of the 1st year of life, air baths begin with swaddling. It is useful to leave the child undressed for a while with each swaddling and changing clothes. It is necessary to undress and dress the child slowly. The air temperature during the air bath should gradually decrease to + 18-20 ° C. The time of air baths should be gradually increased, and from the age of one month the air bath should be combined with massage and gymnastics.
During the first six months of life, it is recommended to carry out air baths for 10 minutes 2 times a day. You need to start with 3 minutes, adding 1 minute daily. During the second half of the year - 2 times a day for 15 minutes, daily increasing the duration of the bath by 2 minutes.
During and after the air bath, the child should look cheerful, he should be in a good mood.

water hardening
Experience shows that a one-year-old baby who can swim is real. First, children learn to swim underwater, then little by little they begin to float on the surface. Hence the conclusion: in order to teach a child to swim, he must first be taught to dive.

A word to supporters of early sailing. Here are their arguments:
1. Swimming improves health, and the ability to hold your breath underwater
develops lungs.
2. Early swimming is a guarantee that the child will not be afraid of water and will not
sink if accidentally dropped into water. Statistics show that
children drown (many children!) every year, and 78 percent of the time they
choke in shallow water bodies and even ordinary puddles, not being able to
hold breath.
3. After swimming, children sleep soundly. Swim with your baby and sleep at night
calmly!
4. Diving is a good way to wash your nose and treat a runny nose.
5. Swimming with parents in the pool is a great vacation for the whole family. The baby is immersed in water immediately. If the mother talks to him and explains what is happening, the baby feels more confident. Of course, he won’t understand the words, but his mother’s friendly intonations will certainly reach him.
Some babies like to swim on their tummy, others on their back. Start the procedure with what the baby likes best.

General hardening rules

With the birth of children, we associate many hopes: we want them to grow up beautiful and smart, and also healthy and strong. And therefore the main task of both parents and doctors is the prevention of possible diseases from the first days of a child's life.

When a child is born, it enters a new environment. Nature endowed the baby with many different adaptive and protective mechanisms so that he could survive and begin to develop in this environment. So, for example, a child has thermoregulation mechanisms that prevent overheating and hypothermia. By wrapping up a child, creating hothouse conditions for him, we "deprive" these mechanisms of work. Having become unnecessary, they can gradually atrophy, and then even a light breeze will pose a threat to the child - a defenseless baby can easily get sick.

The body's endurance and its resistance to changing environmental conditions increase under the influence of hardening - with air, water, scattered sunlight: the child's immunity to various diseases increases, the mechanisms of thermoregulation improve; hardening promotes proper metabolism, has a positive effect on the physical development of the child, on the adaptation of his body to new living conditions. Hardening is the leading method of increasing the resistance of the child's body.

However, to obtain a positive effect from hardening, it is necessary to observe a number of general rules:

The systematic use of hardening procedures in all seasons without interruption

Breaks in hardening lead to a weakening of the adaptive mechanisms that are formed under the influence of hardening procedures. Even in adults, after 3-4 weeks after the termination of hardening procedures, the developed resistance to cold is sharply weakened. In children in the 1st year of life, the effect of adaptation disappears in an even shorter time - after 5-7 days. As the conditions associated with the seasons change, the procedures must be varied without completely abolishing them. For example, a summer shower in winter can be replaced by dousing your feet.

It is possible to ensure systematic hardening procedures throughout the year only if they are firmly included in the child’s daily routine and are combined with the usual activities held at different times of the day (washing, walking, sleeping, playing, hygienic bath, etc. .).

Gradual increase in the strength of the irritating effect

Hardening is based on the ability of the body to gradually adapt to unusual conditions. Resistance to low temperatures must be brought up consistently, but continuously. The transition from weaker hardening procedures to stronger ones (by lowering the temperature of air, water and increasing the duration of the procedure) must be carried out gradually. This is especially important for young children and debilitated children (premature, malnourished, rickets, exudative diathesis or other allergic diseases).

Accounting for the age and individual characteristics of the child when hardening children

Carrying out hardening procedures against the background of a positive mood of the child

Any hardening event should be carried out after creating a good mood for the child. Crying, the appearance of a feeling of anxiety or fear of hardening procedures should not be allowed. If by the time the procedure is performed, the child is upset with something, crying, it is better to postpone the procedure for another time or completely cancel it: it will no longer be possible to obtain a positive effect from this procedure.

Compliance with the temperature regime of the skin

During hardening, be sure to check the condition of the child's skin: the procedure can be carried out only if his nose and limbs are warm. If the child is chilled and already has vasoconstriction, it will not be possible to develop a positive reaction to hardening, only the opposite effect can be obtained. Overheating is also harmful: it increases the moisture content of the skin, which changes its thermal conductivity, as a result of which even moderate exposure to cool water or air can lead to significant hypothermia of the child's body.

air hardening

I way - airing the room. The hardening of the body with air begins precisely with this. The best way to ventilate is through, it can be arranged in the absence of a child. The hardening factor when airing the room is to lower the temperature by 1-20 C. In autumn and winter, it is necessary to ventilate the room 4-5 times a day for 10-15 minutes. In summer, the window should be open, the optimum air temperature in the room where the baby is located is + 20-22 ° C. Studies have shown that at higher room temperatures, the growth and development of the child is delayed.

Method II - a walk, including sleeping in the air. It is advisable to spend as much time as possible outdoors. In the summer outside the city, it is advisable to take food, sleep, gymnastics, and games into the fresh air. It is useful to walk at any time of the year, just do not forget that you need to dress according to the weather. Don't wrap the baby! Children from 2-3 weeks of age in the cold season at an air temperature not lower than -5 ° C should be taken out into the street. The duration of the first procedure is 10 minutes, in the future, the walking time should be increased to 1.5-2 hours and walking twice a day. In the warm season, walks with a child should be daily, 2-3 times a day, between feedings for 2-2.5 hours.

In the first 1.5 years of a child's life, daytime sleep in the air is recommended. At the same time, fast falling asleep, calm sleep, even breathing, pink complexion, absence of sweat, warm extremities upon awakening indicate that the child is dressed correctly, that is, he is in a state of thermal comfort. When cooling or overheating, the child sleeps restlessly. Blueness of the face, cold nose, cold extremities are indicators of sudden cooling. Sweaty forehead and damp skin indicate that the child is hot.

III method - air baths. Under the influence of air baths, oxygen absorption increases, heat exchange conditions change significantly, the state of the child's nervous system improves - he becomes calmer, eats and sleeps better.

During the second half of the year - 2 times a day for 15 minutes, daily increasing the duration of the bath by 2 minutes.

During and after the air bath, the child should look cheerful, he should be in a good mood. Make sure that the children do not cry at this time and have the opportunity to move. Do not miss the signs of hypothermia: when "goosebumps" appear, you need to dress the child, stop the air bath, and further reduce its duration. It is always necessary to pay attention to the sleep and appetite of the child: their violation may be a sign of the adverse effects of the air bath.

In summer, air baths can be combined with sun baths.

Hardening by sunlight

It must be remembered that the sun's rays are a potent remedy. Young children are not shown to be in direct sunlight, as well as sunbathing. Sun hardening should begin when scattered sunlight. The child is better off in the so-called "lace shade". First, he should be dressed in a shirt made of light light fabric at an air temperature of + 22-24 ° C. In the middle of wakefulness, the child should be undressed and left naked for several minutes, gradually increasing the hardening time to 10 minutes. On the head of the baby you need to put on a panama. It is useful that at this time he moves freely in the arena, on the playground, playing with toys.

In good general condition, if the child tolerates well being in the lacy shade of trees, you can substitute him under direct sunlight, first for half a minute, and then gradually increase the time spent in the sun to 5 minutes. It is necessary to perform this procedure in the morning (before 10-11 o'clock) or in the evening (after 17). It is necessary to ensure that the child does not overheat. With reddening of the face, the appearance of irritability, excitability, it is necessary to take him out of the lacy shade of trees or from under the direct rays of the sun into the shade and give him cool boiled water to drink. If the child is weakened by diseases, hardening by sunlight should be carried out very carefully, under the supervision of an adult who is constantly nearby, it is also necessary to periodically consult with the attending physician or exercise therapy doctor, who allow and dose the procedure.

water hardening

One of the most effective natural means of hardening is water. People who are not too familiar with hardening methods are often struck by the fact that washing and showering, which we have been accustomed to since childhood, can serve not only hygienic, but also healing purposes, but this is exactly the case. With the proper organization of water procedures, properly selected temperature conditions, a gradual increase in the time of exposure to cool water, the usual performance of uncomplicated actions of the morning and evening toilet can have an unexpectedly strong healing effect.

Tempering procedures are extremely useful for children of the first year of life, but with two reservations. Firstly, there can be no talk of any hardening until the end of the adaptive postpartum period (i.e. up to 1 month), when the child’s body, which has experienced significant stress during the transition from intrauterine existence to life in the outside world, adapts to new conditions. Secondly, before starting to carry out hardening procedures with your child, you must always consult a doctor.

For children of the first year of life, water hardening procedures can be local (washing, rubbing) and general (hygienic baths, wiping and dousing, and sometimes showering). At the same time, for hardening, you can use both daily hygiene procedures - washing hands before eating, washing feet before going to bed, regular bathing, and various games with water. The effect of water hardening is based on a gradual decrease in water temperature and an increase in the procedure time.

You can start hardening with the usual washing child. In this case, the initial water temperature should be close to the temperature of the skin of the exposed parts of the child's body - approximately + 28-26 ° С.

The next stage of hardening with water should be rubdown. You can start with water at a temperature of + 34 ° C and gradually (by 0.5-1 ° per day) reduce the temperature to + 26-23 ° C within 10-15 days.

Wiping is performed as follows: with a terry cloth mitten moistened in water or a terry towel folded several times, the child is wiped with quick movements: the first week - only the upper half of the body (see. photo 1), and a week later - the whole body (see. photo 2). The directions of movement during wiping should be as follows: the child’s hands should be wiped from the fingers to the shoulders, the chest in a circular motion clockwise, the back - from the middle of the spine to the sides, the legs - from the feet up to the pelvis, the stomach clockwise, the buttocks - without pushing them apart . Each movement is repeated 2-4 times.

Along with rubbing with ordinary cool water, wiping is useful. sea salt solution(1 teaspoon per 1 glass of water).

Well established hardening method proposed by Swedish doctors: a terry towel is moistened with "sea water" (1 tablespoon of sea salt per 1 liter of water, water temperature + 22 ° C) and the child (starting from 6 months) after sleep is lowered for 2-3 seconds on a towel; the child "jumps", "dances" (see. photo 3). Without wiping their feet, they move on to other elements of the toilet. After 2 weeks, if the child feels well, you can increase the load: the child is lowered for 2-3 seconds on a damp towel, which is first placed in a plastic bag and placed in the refrigerator.

After a wet wiping, it is necessary to rub the child's skin until it turns pink and dress him.

Attention: those areas of the skin that are subjected to wiping and subsequent rubbing should be absolutely healthy - if the skin has diaper rash, any rashes, etc., this procedure should be postponed.

After 2-4 weeks of systematic rubdowns, you can move on to pouring water (it is better to discuss the temperature regime with a doctor). It is necessary to start dousing from the legs, then the buttocks are attached to them, then the chest and stomach, and end with dousing the left and right shoulder (see Fig. photo 4). This procedure can be started from 9-12 months (and even earlier in more hardened children).

Of the local douches, dousing the legs is recommended first of all (see. photo 5). Such procedures have not only local, but also a general effect on the body, and this is due, in particular, to the fact that cooling the feet is one of the possible ways to stimulate the activity of the adrenal glands, which play an important role in the body's adaptation to adverse conditions and in the functioning of the immune system. person. The hardening effect of this procedure can be due either to a gradual (by 1 ° per day) decrease in temperature, or to the use of contrast douche. In the latter case, the feet are first doused with warm water (+36°C), then cold (+24-20°C), and finally warm again (+36°C). This method is recommended for children who are often ill or suffering from allergic reactions, since they have a tendency to spasm of capillaries (small vessels).

Very helpful foot baths("trampling" in the water). You can start them from a temperature of + 35 ° C. This procedure is carried out as follows: water is poured into the bath slightly above the level of the ankles. The child must walk through the water (with or without your help) 5-6 times. Then water is poured 2-3 ° C colder (see. photo 6). After the bath, wipe the child's feet and put him to bed (feet can not be wiped).

Attention: do not pour cold water on the feet or "trampling" in water if the child has cold feet! The temperature of the skin of the feet should be several degrees higher than the temperature of the water.

This hardening option is also possible: general dousing with cool (+ 28-22 ° C) water after a hygienic bath.

A powerful hardening agent is shower(cm. photo 7), as a rule, they resort to it when the child is already one and a half years old, however, the exercise therapy doctor may prescribe it earlier for any indication (often a shower is prescribed for lethargic children, especially with poor appetite).

And in conclusion of the article, we want to remind you that water hardening does not cancel other types of hardening (air, sun) - airing, walking, sleeping in the air, which we described in detail in the previous issue, should be carried out regardless of water hardening procedures.

Hardening of newborns is an effective, most effective, as well as time-tested and many parents method that allows you to strengthen the immune system and improve the health of babies. Babies are very adaptable. Doctors recommend hardening from the first days of life.

Main effects:

muscles, bones develop;
the nervous system is strengthened;
the functioning of internal organs improves;
immunity to the effects of pathogenic factors;
activation of metabolic processes in the body.

It should be noted that all means of hardening are distinguished by their availability and simplicity. It is important to discard some of the standard prejudices of some parents and grandmothers not to wrap up small children, and also not to be afraid of long walks in the fresh air.

Why is it necessary to temper a child from birth?

Hardening a baby is a great idea, since the adaptation mechanisms in such babies are quite developed. In other words, newborns are born hardened. At the same time, the creation of greenhouse conditions (sterile food, ambient temperature stability, lack of air mass movement around the room) negatively affects innate adaptation, since it remains unclaimed. In a month, the baby will catch a cold. To avoid this trouble, it is only necessary to maintain the natural abilities of the newborn while creating the optimal temperature contrast and having exceptionally positive contact with the surrounding reality. You can start hardening immediately. Thus, it is recommended to walk with a baby under 1 year old outside, regardless of weather conditions, and harden from birth. It is better to start walking from a few weeks of a baby's life.

Basics of hardening an infant

Hardening newborns in the shortest possible time will help strengthen their immunity, allow them to painlessly adapt to fluctuations in air temperature and wind exposure, and improve physical and mental development. Hygiene procedures at home are carried out with the help of special gymnastics and massage. They will enable the hardened baby to grow up strong and healthy.

How to harden a baby? The apartment must be equipped with a special corner for the baby. The bed should be in a cozy place where there are no drafts. The room where the baby lives must be aired daily at any time of the year. In summer, leave the window open throughout the day, but at night, be sure to cover the baby with a summer blanket made of baize or wool.

hardening rules

To increase immunity, in order to adapt an infant to environmental conditions, it is necessary to correctly begin to carry out daily water procedures, air and sun baths. After bathing the baby in the bath, pour water over him with a temperature of 1-2 degrees lower. For bathing, the recommended water temperature is 37-36 degrees, for dousing - 35-34 degrees. Gradually, from birth, pour cooler water over the child - one degree lower than the one in which they bathed. Such hardening of infants and other pediatricians.

As for clothes, overalls for newborns and children from two months to 1 year, as well as other things, should be made exclusively from natural materials. Clothing for walks and trips to visit has its own characteristics: preference should be given to products made from high-quality knitwear.

Contraindications for hardening procedures

The hardening of any infant is carried out solely taking into account his age, state of health, individual tolerance of various tempering procedures for the baby. The main contraindications for doctors include:

colds;
hyperthermia;
anemia
acute intestinal disorders;
exhaustion;
sleep disturbances;
nervous excitability;
heart defects (decompensated);
negative attitude towards procedures;
diseases of the endocrine system, in particular thyrotoxicosis, diabetes mellitus;
negative reaction of the baby's body to exposure to cold;
damage to the skin due to burns.

Make a decision regarding hardening only if the baby is in good health. This will help complexes of gymnastics exercises,. The procedures should not be returned until the moment until complete recovery occurs. Preparation for hardening of children, when the duration/influence of exposure to various factors for deliberate cooling of the body is reduced from the standard level for the body, should be repeated.

When hardening children, they adhere to some important principles:

it is important to take into account the mood of the child - if he does not want to splash in cool water, do not force him to do it;
procedures are performed systematically with an increase in the time of exposure to the hardening factor;
hardening is carried out in the form of a game;
if the baby is frozen, procedures are not needed.

If you doubt the child’s health and don’t know if hardening is needed, contact a pediatrician who will examine the baby and get acquainted with the medical history. Only the doctor will tell you whether modern hardening techniques are needed now or is it better to wait with them until the condition of the crumbs returns to normal.

The most important moment in a woman's life is the birth of a small, warm, so defenseless lump, your child. From this moment on, you are responsible not only for yourself, but also for the life of a newly appeared person. There is not a single Mammal in wildlife that would be more defenseless than a “human cub”. It is good if a mother feeds her baby with breast milk. What if, for some reason, this is not possible? You have to do something to boost your immune system. You can start hardening infants.

hardening- This is a system of certain measures to strengthen the immune system, increase the body's resistance to infections. Usually natural environmental factors are used: water, air, hot sand, etc.

There are several types of hardening:

- a set of physical exercises aimed at improving health;

- dousing, rubbing, bathing in cold water;

- sunbathing;

- walking barefoot on grass, hot sand.

The very first thing you should understand is that adult hardening methods are not suitable for hardening of children up to a year. Do not pour ice water on a poor baby, this can lead to irreparable consequences.

Try not to keep your baby in diapers. In addition to the fact that doctors do not advise this at all, it is also a method of hardening. When he, excuse me, is described, there will be a change in temperature. You can’t change his clothes at lightning speed, which means that for a fraction of a minute the baby will lie down wet.

Air baths are suitable for hardening children up to a year. Dressing up a child let him lie naked for 5-7 minutes. Optimum room temperature is 20-22 °C. Another tip on how to start hardening a child is to air the room. In summer, at hot temperatures, the window can be kept open, in the cold season, ventilate the room at least 2-3 times a day. Thus, you lower the temperature in the room by 1-2 ° C.

Hardening of children How else can you harden a child up to a year? Gradually lowering the temperature of the water in your baby's bath. Attention! This process should be systematic, lowering 1 ° C per week. In general, babies should be bathed at a water temperature of 36 ° C. Try not to check with the "grandmother's" method, i.e. elbow. Buy a special thermometer. Don't skimp on this. You can easily frighten a child with too hot or cold water. After a few weeks, you will see that your baby is actively moving in the water. It started hardening. Bathing time is usually 10 minutes, but when hardening, double it, i.e. stay in the water for 20 minutes. Watch the baby's behavior. If you cry, check the water, maybe it's too cold, or maybe he's not used to this temperature yet and you should wait. Rub the baby's skin well after bathing to make it turn pink.

When laying down for the night, if it is a warm season outside, put on a beacon and panties. Do not cover with a blanket. In winter, pajamas are enough. Be sure to leave your legs bare, do not wear socks. In the future, it will be possible to leave the window open at night, but only in summer and if the weather is calm.

If you set out to start hardening your baby from infancy, then it’s a good idea to use physical education for these purposes. And for such young children, massage is better. I don't recommend massage. In infancy, most babies have problems with muscle tone. It's either up or down. Unprofessional massage can harm you. If you still want to do it yourself, then go first to a pediatric neurologist, he will tell you, for example, that your child has increased muscle tone, and write out a referral for a massage. You at least several times go to a specialist and carefully look at what needs to be done.

When the child begins to walk, let him run barefoot for a while.

If you or your grandparents have a dacha, move without hesitation for the summer. I can guarantee that the baby will stock up on health for the whole summer. The sun, earth, air, fresh fruits and vegetables help to strengthen the immune system. An effective way to harden children up to a year. Do not forbid running barefoot on the grass. Take baths during the day right on the street. Walk naked in the sun, as vitamin D is stored for the whole winter. But not for long, avoid sunburn. Make a small sandbox, and when the sand warms up, let the baby warm the legs there.

In the cold season, when it is not possible to stay outdoors for a long time, you can do this. Dress your child properly, and just put him to sleep in the stroller on the balcony during sleep.

I gave examples of hardening children with infancy and up to about a year. After a year, you can start going to the pool. A wonderful way to harden a child. Increased immunity, strengthening the back muscles, a calming effect on the nervous system, we can talk a lot about the positive aspects of this method of hardening. You can also enter douches with cool (note, cool, not cold water). Even later, try not to dry your baby after bathing. Watch his reaction carefully. Do not cross the dangerous line between hardening and the fact that you cripple your health.

If you are a loving and responsible mother, if you want your baby to grow up as a healthy and strong person, if you are tired of watching your child get sick, listen to our advice. Start tempering the child from infancy. If you approach this issue with your head, it will not get worse. It will only get better!

Tempering children 1 year.

From the first seconds of birth, the baby enters a new environment. In order to quickly adapt to new conditions, the baby's body activates all defense mechanisms. It is not necessary to immediately place the child in greenhouse conditions. He must adapt himself to this world. The task of parents is only to help the baby adapt to the external environment. To do this, you need to harden the crumbs from the first days of life.

Why is it necessary to temper a child from birth?

Nature endowed man with thermoregulation - an important property of the human body that allows us to adapt to the world around us. The newborn is able to adapt itself to temperature changes in the environment.

The task of adults is not to interfere with the crumbs, if necessary, to connect all the body's defenses. Parents, on the contrary, should help him. For this, hardening is needed.

If from the first days the baby is raised in greenhouse conditions, then the system of natural thermoregulation will stop working, and the baby will not be able to independently adapt to cold or heat. To prevent this from happening, you need to start hardening procedures as early as possible.

This gives the newborn a number of advantages:

The body activates the processes responsible for thermoregulation.
Increased resistance to adverse factors.
The metabolism is normalized.
Physical and mental development is activated.
The nervous system and the general health of the child are strengthened.

Basics of hardening a newborn baby

You should start hardening the little man only after making sure that he is absolutely healthy.

Watch his behavior, reaction to the environment and mental state. It is allowed to temper a weakened infant with problematic health only with special care.

Hardening of the crumbs should be started gradually, carefully observing how the child's body reacts to this. Monitor your baby's health, appetite and weight. The child's habituation to changes in the temperature environment occurs gradually. A small organism is not able to adapt instantly. You can notice the fruits of hardening only after some time.

Excitable or weak children are hardened carefully . First, you can expose only the arms or legs of the baby, then the chest, tummy or back. When the baby gets stronger, you can proceed to the usual hardening procedures for a healthy baby.

Remember that hardening is carried out regardless of the season and ambient temperature. Only regular procedures will help to achieve the desired result - the timely reaction of blood vessels and the whole body to temperature changes.

You can perform hardening procedures only with good health and the mood of the crumbs. If the baby is naughty or shows anxiety, the lesson should be interrupted. The child should not have a fear of certain procedures.

To ensure that the results achieved do not disappear over time, it is necessary to strengthen the health of the child on an ongoing basis.

Contraindications for hardening procedures

Unfortunately, sometimes you have to interrupt the regular hardening procedures.

Classes may need to be postponed under certain circumstances.

The baby categorically does not like to harden.
The child's nervous excitability increases.
There are other signs of a cold or intestinal disease.
The baby is having trouble sleeping.
The child is losing weight.

In addition, more serious diseases, such as, say, low hemoglobin, exhaustion, or decompensated heart disease, can become the reason for not hardening.

Hardening activities are divided into 3 groups

air procedures.
Hardening with water.
Strengthening health with the use of sunbathing.

air hardening

Air hardening of infants includes a number of procedures

Airing . The comfortable temperature for the baby is 22-23 degrees. Strengthen the health of the crumbs begin with a decrease in temperature in the nursery by 1-2 degrees. In the cold autumn and winter seasons, the room in which the child is located is ventilated at least five times a day. At this time, the baby is transferred to another room. If the batteries heat the air above 25 degrees, then the air humidity decreases. Dryness appears in the nose and upper respiratory tract of the crumbs, which creates discomfort for the child. In summer, you need to keep the windows open, but do not make drafts so that the baby does not get sick.
Walks in the open air . If your baby was born in the cold season, the duration of walks in the first days should not exceed 10-15 minutes. As soon as the baby adapts to the frosty air, you need to bring the duration of one walk to two hours and take the child outside 2 times a day. In summer, he should be outside as long as possible. The best option is to live with the baby in the country, where feeding, dressing and playing is best done in the yard. When this is not possible, then, going for a walk in the city, choose places that are far from highways. It is very useful for the baby to sleep outside during the day.
Hardening with air procedures . Taking air baths has a beneficial effect on the well-being and mood of the little man. He can take procedures when he is being dressed, doing massage or strengthening exercises. For the first time, you just need to hold the child without clothes for about 3 minutes, gradually adding time, bring it to 10, and after six months - up to a quarter of an hour. At the same time, the air temperature should not cause discomfort in the crumbs due to hypothermia or overheating. It should be reduced gradually during the procedures and only after the baby gets used to the previous thermometer readings.

Water, water, wash my face

Water procedures have a beneficial effect on the baby, and the use of water in hardening activities brings undoubted health benefits. If bathing and washing the crumbs begin from the first day of life, then water can be used as a healing agent only after the end of the postpartum adaptation period (about 1 month).

What applies to water hardening procedures?

Washing exposed parts of the body . Until the baby has reached the age of three months, his face and hands are washed with water at a temperature of 28 degrees, by six months it is reduced to 25, and closer to a year - to twenty. Water is cooled by 1 degree every 3-5 days.
Wiping with a damp towel starts from 3-6 months, depending on the health of the baby. It is better to consult a pediatrician about the readiness of your crumbs for such procedures. First, teach your child to rub with a dry flannel mitt.
The baby is rubbed all over the body until it turns pink . After a week, you can start wet rubdowns. At first, the temperature of a wet flannel mitten or napkin should be 33-34 degrees in summer and 35-36 in winter. The duration of the rubdown is only a few minutes. The baby's hands are wetted from the fingertips to the shoulder, the legs from the very bottom to the hip, and the body from the edge to the center. Every 5 days the water is cooled by 1 degree.
Cool douches . The procedure is carried out after bathing the baby. The water for dousing should be a couple of degrees colder than in the bath. If the child was bathed at a temperature of 37 degrees, then you need to rinse it with water of 35 degrees. Gradually, the water for bathing, and, accordingly, for dousing, is made more and more cool, bringing it to 20 degrees.

Let's chill with the sun

It is necessary to temper the baby with the help of sunlight, being careful, since the skin of the child is very sensitive. Procedures begin after the baby gets used to taking air baths and hardening with water. First, the baby is in the sun in a short-sleeve shirt, a few days later - in a T-shirt, and then just in panties .

It is better to take the baby out into the sun for a walk in the morning, an hour and a half after breakfast. You need to start with a 5-minute stay in the sun, gradually increasing the period of time to half an hour.

In this case, you can not leave the baby in direct sunlight. After the baby has been in the sun, it must be moved to partial shade, where the sun's rays are scattered between the foliage of the trees.

Intensive and contrast hardening

These methods are based on short contact of the child's body with frosty air, cold water or snow. Intensive hardening involves dousing with cold water, wiping with snow or dipping into an ice hole. As a rule, not many parents agree to subject their crumbs to such tests.

Contrast hardening in this regard is a more gentle procedure. These can be foot baths, where the child’s legs are alternately lowered either into cold or warm water, or a contrast shower, when the entire body of the baby undergoes a sharp change in temperature. At first, the difference between warm and cold water should not exceed 4-5 degrees, but gradually this gap is increased by lowering the temperature of cold water..

Many mothers today listen to the opinion of the famous pediatrician, Dr. Komarovsky. Video about hardening methods - Komarovsky.

When starting to harden a little man, the main thing is not to overdo it and not harm your baby.

In order for the baby to grow up strong and healthy, the decrease in temperature during the procedures must be very, very careful. In no case should you allow hypothermia or overheating of the baby.

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