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Help for single mothers with two children. Social assistance for single mothers

The state provides financial assistance for certain categories of citizens. There are quite a lot of programs that provide support. They are carried out by both social protection authorities and employers.

A fairly wide range of people who find themselves in a difficult situation may qualify for help, so it is best, before you start collecting documents, to contact social security and find out which program you will be able to qualify for in 2019. Below we will describe the most popular community outreach programs.

Target contracts

At the end of 2012, changes were made to the laws on social assistance. A new type of support has appeared - concluding contracts with the population. In 2018-2019, these amendments remain relevant. The state, under the terms of this agreement, issues social assistance (including financial assistance), and the citizen undertakes to undergo an adaptation program and fulfill one of the conditions:

job search;
undergoing training in a specific profession;
completing advanced training programs;
opening your own small business;
farming.

First of all, the opportunity to receive this type of support is available to needy families who are in difficult situations. According to data from the regions in which the project was implemented as a pilot, 50% of families were able to get out of a difficult life situation, and their income more than doubled. Currently, the program operates throughout Russia. In 2019, its implementation is being carried out with the help of social protection specialists and the Employment Center.

How to get help for large families

Large families can also become applicants for assistance from the state in 2019. They are supported in several ways - in the form of benefits, allowances and payments once a year. For example, in a number of regions, before September 1, large families receive funds to pay for their children’s school fees. A prerequisite is the upbringing of all children in the family, and not in special children's institutions.

Federal law provides subsidies for large families in the form of reductions in monthly utility bills, child benefits, and payments to mothers (they are treated the same as workers and can receive 1 minimum wage until the youngest child turns 16). Also, families with 3 or more children can receive a plot of land on preferential terms for farming or building a country house.

Regional payments are more varied. First of all, for the 3rd or 4th child, regional maternity capital is assigned (about 100,000 rubles, which can be used for the same needs as the federal one). There are a number of payments that compensate for the cost of purchasing goods for newborns, food and clothing.

For a complete list of benefits you may qualify for, contact your local Social Security office. Increasingly, with the advent of the third and subsequent children, the income of family members is not enough to provide everyone with a decent standard of living. In this case, pay attention to payments to the poor.

Financial support program for the poor

The amount of money per family member is calculated based on data on the income of all able-bodied adults in it. It is necessary to submit certificates for the last three months to the social security authorities. The income amounts are added together and then divided among all family members. If the amount received is below the minimum subsistence level established in the region, then the family receives a special status. She becomes poor.

Every year the cost of living is indexed; in 2019, each region has its own value. You can find out about it at the administration of your district or at the social security department. Its average value in Russia this year is 8,200 rubles.

In some cases no assistance is provided. For example, if the family has one or more able-bodied members, but they do not want to work. The only exceptions are the following cases:

the need to care for children or elderly relatives;
loss of property due to reasons beyond the control of the applicants;
maternity leave;
inability to go to work due to serious illness.

However, increasingly, assistance is provided only to those families in which all able-bodied members are registered as unemployed or employed (earnings may be minimal). At the same time, the composition of the family can be different, and often it is not only parents and children, but also grandparents and grandchildren.

In 2019, in addition to benefits for education, taxes and housing and communal services, other assistance to the poor is provided. For example, a child has access to the following list of support measures:

Meals twice a day in the canteen for school students.
Providing a place on the list of beneficiaries.
Subsidies for the purchase or free issuance of school and sports uniforms.
Children under 6 years of age are prescribed free medicines for illnesses.
Once a year, compensation is 50% of the cost of travel for treatment in a sanatorium (applies to one accompanying person).

It became possible for parents in such families to receive:

Preferential working conditions.
Beginning entrepreneurs do not need to pay a fee for opening an individual entrepreneur.
Reducing the retirement age.
Obtaining a garden plot out of turn.
Lower mortgage requirements and interest rates.
Tickets for visiting exhibitions and museum displays (no more than once a month).
State payment for nanny services (this assistance is available only to residents of large cities, and details about it can only be found in the social security department at your place of residence).

In addition, it is possible to pay financial assistance in the form of benefits or one-time transfers, which is regulated by regional laws.

Other types of government support in 2019

In 2019, needy WWII veterans can receive one-time targeted assistance of up to 15,000 rubles for the purchase of necessary household appliances, replacement of plumbing equipment or dental prosthetics.

To do this, you need to collect basic documents, write an application and prove the need to purchase equipment or prosthetics. Money to pay for dental services is the easiest to give - to do this, you just need to bring the relevant certificates and an extract from the outpatient card to social security.

Being a single mother is a titanic task. A woman carries a baby alone, gives birth, and then raises it. Unfortunately, she has no one to expect moral support from, but she can receive financial assistance from the state. How much do single mothers earn? What social guarantees and payments are possible for them, and how can they raise a child if they are left completely alone?

Who is a single mother?

It is worth immediately noting that Russian legislation does not regulate which women can apply for this status and which cannot. But how to obtain the status of a single mother in this case?

Officially, single mothers are women who give birth and “raise” children alone, while the baby officially does not have a father. A woman should not be in a formal union with a man while she was pregnant.

In addition, women raising adopted children on their own can also expect to receive this status. How to obtain single mother status if the baby was taken from an orphanage? The same rules apply here, that is, the mother must not be married and the adopted child must not have an official father.

Roughly speaking, single mothers include all women whose children have a dash in the “father” line on their birth document. When registering a baby, a woman receives a special certificate that documents her status.

Does the state help?

Despite the fact that government officials from time to time show interest in single mothers and try in every possible way to help them financially, the state budget is strictly limited.

To the question of how much single mothers earn in Russia, the answer can be unequivocal: not much. Of course, women with this status have some privileges compared to mothers in two-parent families, but the income cannot be called large.

State guarantees for single mothers

Any woman, including a single mother, who is officially employed, has the right to receive maternity benefits. To do this, the expectant mother must register with the antenatal clinic before three months of pregnancy.

The lump sum payment is calculated based on the woman’s average monetary income. What child benefit does a single mother receive when making a lump sum payment? Last year, the benefit amount was 33,089.10 rubles.

It is also worth noting that not only working women, but also unemployed mothers are entitled to receive a one-time subsidy. Last year, the size of the payment did not reach 15,000 rubles, but every year its size increases (is indexed).

Also, single mothers, like women with two-parent families, until their child reaches the age of 1.5 years, can count on a monthly benefit that is 40% of her average salary.

What else can mothers without work count on?

The state is trying to help not only working single mothers, but also unemployed women who are raising their children on their own. How much can a non-working single mother count on? Benefits are transferred only if a woman is left without a monthly income against her will. In 2016, the payment amount was 2,718.34 rubles for 1 child and 5,436.67 for 2 children.

Sometimes a non-working mother can receive 40% of her previous earnings. However, this is only possible if she is left without a job due to the liquidation of the enterprise.

After the baby’s age has exceeded 1.5 years, any mother, including a single mother, will receive only 50 rubles per child until he reaches the age of three.

Documents required for status registration

Before figuring out how much single mothers receive, a woman needs to formalize her status. To receive benefits and payments, you need to collect a certain package of documents. Here is a sample list:

a statement drawn up according to the sample;
passport;
documents that would confirm the fact of the birth of the baby;
a certificate confirming that the family consists of only two people;
a certificate issued by the registry office of the mother;
a certificate confirming the child’s residence in this region;
documents to confirm the official income of the mother;
details for transferring funds.

After the documents are collected

After a single mother has collected the entire package of documents to receive benefits and payments, she needs to transfer all the papers to the social service. It is advisable to submit documents in person, but it is also possible through a representative. In the latter case, the representative must have in his hands a document stating that the single mother trusts him to transfer documents, certified by a notary.

The social service worker must personally verify that all the papers have been collected correctly and in full, and after that he sets a period during which it will be decided what payments are due to the single mother.

It is worth remembering that the period for reviewing papers cannot be more than 10 working days. You can also submit documents through multifunctional centers and electronically in your personal account on the State Services website.

On electronic services everything is also described in detail, what benefits a single woman can count on and how much single mothers receive.

Regional guarantee for one-time payments

Not only the state, but also local governments (most often regional authorities) help single women. Most often at the regional level it is provided one-time benefit (single mothers can count on it if they collect the appropriate documents).

For example, in Moscow, if a woman is under 30 years old, she is entitled to a payment of five times the subsistence minimum for one child, seven times for two, and ten times for three or more children.

To receive such a payment, a single mother must have a residence permit in the city of Moscow.

In the Krasnodar Territory, all large families receive a payment of 100,000 rubles. Also in the cities of the Krasnodar Territory, it is provided for the issuance of land plots to parents with many children, although without ownership rights and without the right to sell the plot.

Monthly allowance for single mothers at the regional level

Regional authorities have the right to independently establish monthly payments to single women.

For example, A single mother in Moscow can receive, in addition to maternity leave, another monthly 2,500 rubles per child until he reaches the age of one and a half years and from the age of three until he reaches adulthood. A payment of 4,500 rubles is provided to single Muscovites who are raising children aged 1.5 to 3 years. Additionally, single mothers in Moscow can receive almost 1,500 rubles more for high food prices and low quality of life.

Similar payments exist in almost all Russian regions. At the same time, the woman retains the right to receive them even if she is married. But if a man decides to adopt a child, then all benefits and allowances will automatically be withdrawn from the mother.

Guarantees for single mothers from employers

It doesn’t matter at all what benefits a single mother is entitled to and how much single mothers receive; in any case, such women have the right to certain guarantees from employers.

A single mother cannot be fired while she is raising a child under 14 years of age alone. And here the employer will not be able to violate this requirement. A single mother cannot lose her job even if she does not meet the requirements for the position.
If an enterprise where a single woman works is liquidated, the employer is obliged to provide her with another job while maintaining her earnings.
If a woman is being treated in a hospital with her baby, then the sick leave is calculated based on her length of service, but if the mother is being treated with the child at home, then the first 10 days of sick leave are paid in full, and after that half of the earnings are retained.
If a child under school age falls ill, sick leave is paid in the amount of 100% of average earnings.
A single mother can take 2 weeks of vacation at any time convenient for her.
Single mothers do not have the right to refuse employment due to the presence of a baby. If the employer ignores this requirement, then the woman must demand a refusal from him in writing and report the violation to the appropriate authority.
A single mother cannot be required to work overtime.

Social guarantees

In addition to guarantees from the employer, there are also social guarantees that a single woman can count on.

There has always been a long queue at kindergartens, but a single mother should not suffer from this. Benefits for kindergarten are given to single-parent families.
A woman raising a child alone can count on free meals for him during his educational process.
Single mothers are also provided with compensation for preschool fees.
The mother can submit a request for a one-time payment to purchase school supplies for the baby.
Provision of some medications free of charge and a 50% discount on the purchase of other medications.
Single mothers have priority over two-parent families to receive vouchers to sanatoriums and health institutions for their baby.

Results

So, in the end, it’s worth looking again at who is considered a single mother and what payments a single mother is entitled to.

Only a woman who “raises” a child alone, in whose birth certificate there is a dash in the line “father”, can be recognized as a single mother.
Single mother status is also assigned to a woman who can document the absence of a second parent for her child.
A mother raising a child alone can count on increased social benefits.
Some regional authorities establish special subsidies for single mothers, sometimes creating comfortable conditions for them to raise a child.
To obtain benefits and payments, a single woman must contact social authorities or multifunctional centers.
Some benefits can be obtained directly from the employer or through the State Services portal.
In order for social services to be able to establish payments and benefits, a woman needs to collect a certain package of documents.
A single mother also receives guarantees from her employer. She cannot be fired, she can choose her own vacation time, she has no right to be forced to work overtime or sent on long business trips.
A single mother can receive compensation for kindergarten fees, the right to free meals for a schoolchild, and count on free and discounted medications.

There are many reasons why a woman may be forced to raise a child on her own. However, they all lead to the fact that mother and baby find themselves in a difficult situation.

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a one-time pregnancy benefit provided if a woman registers for up to 12 weeks;
maternity benefits;
a one-time payment provided upon the birth of a child;
monthly maternity benefit;
monthly allowance issued during parental leave.

The above benefits can also be received by mothers who are raising a child with their husband.

However, payments for single mothers are larger. In addition, they are provided with additional benefits, which are paid from the regional budget. Their size is determined by the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation independently.

Amounts

Benefits provided to single mothers are divided into federal and regional.

lump sum payment for pregnancy – 581.73 rubles;
a birth certificate in the amount of 11,000 rubles, which can be spent on services in a antenatal clinic, a children's clinic and the purchase of medicines;
child birth benefit – 15,512.65 rubles;
Until the child reaches 1.5 years of age, a monthly allowance is provided - 2,908.62 rubles.

In addition to the above benefits, a single mother has the opportunity to receive payments from the regional budget. Their size may vary depending on the subject of the Russian Federation.

How to apply?

The procedure for applying for benefits is not complicated. To receive support from the state, a mother raising a child on her own must contact the territorial social protection department, having previously prepared a package of documentation.

The organization's staff will tell you what needs to be done next to receive the benefit.

Documentation

To apply for benefits in 2019, a woman must provide a package of documentation.

To complete the procedure you will need:

a copy of the child's birth certificate;
a certificate from the registry office confirming that the record of paternity was made according to the words of the mother, if the inscription is present on the birth certificate;
a certificate from the Housing Office confirming that the child lives with the mother;
Form No. 25, which is issued at the registry office when issuing a birth certificate and confirms that the woman is a single mother.

If the status was assigned due to the fact that the man challenged paternity, a copy of the court decision must be provided to Social Security along with the above documents.

The state begins to provide payments after the papers are transferred to the appropriate government agency.

For this reason, experts do not advise delaying the collection of documentation.

Assistance will be transferred until the child reaches a certain age specified in the current legislation.

Is housing provided?

There are state and regional programs that support single mothers. But few people know exactly what benefits a single mother can claim in 2019 and what benefits she is entitled to use. In the article we will talk in detail about all the payments that are due to this social category, about the procedure for receiving it, as well as about tax, labor and other social benefits.

Who can get single mother status?

Who is a single mother (SM)? At first glance, the answer is obvious - this is a woman raising a child on her own (without a husband). In fact, not every single mother has status single mothers. In modern legislation there is no official concept of a single mother, but it was in Soviet times. It was first introduced by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on July 8, 1944, and the final version was formed in paragraph 8 of Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the USSR No. 659 dated August 12, 1970. This term is still used today at a generally accepted level. Who is legally considered a single mother and who is not?

The status of a single mother is understood as a woman who has a child, in whose birth certificate there is no information about the father, or the father is recorded according to the mother (that is, without establishing paternity, without the status of a parent - p clause 3 of article 17 of the Federal Law “On acts of civil status”, clause 3 of art. 51 of the Family Code of the Russian Federation). Such a woman is assigned a social status and the registry office issues a certificate in form No. 25, according to which she has the opportunity to receive special benefits and enjoy various benefits (tax, labor, etc.).

There are basic criteria by which single women with children receive the status of “single mother”:

Your baby was born out of wedlock and paternity has not been established by the court. For example, if you live with your spouse in a civil marriage, but the husband did not recognize himself as the father of the baby, and you did not file a claim in court, then you can receive the status of a single mother;
The baby was born 300 calendar days after you divorced your husband (automatic paternity). But at the same time, your ex-husband has challenged paternity, about which there is a corresponding court decision;
You have registered an adoption, but you are not officially married. Even if you live with your husband without a signature, you can receive the status of a single mother. This is possible if you carried out the adoption yourself, and your unofficial spouse does not appear in the adoption documents.

Quite common are cases where single mothers try to prove their official status, but are refused by government authorities. Therefore, it is worth separately considering situations when the mother is not recognized as single:

You are divorced, you don’t communicate with your ex-husband, you don’t know about his whereabouts, and you don’t receive alimony from him. But in this case, you are not a single mother, since the fact of paternity of your ex-husband has been documented (recorded in the birth certificate). Here we are talking about the ex-husband’s failure to fulfill his parental obligations (evasion of alimony payments, for example);
There is a court decision in which your spouse is recognized as the father of the baby. The court may decide to recognize your common-law or former spouse as the father, regardless of whether you live with him or not;
There is no paternity in relation to the baby, but the woman is officially married;
You divorced your husband (or your marriage was declared invalid), and within 300 calendar days after that you gave birth to a baby. In this case, your ex-husband will be recognized as the father.

Let's consider the last case in more detail. Regardless of the wishes of your ex-spouse, even whether he is the biological father, he will be entered on the birth certificate. It does not change anything if after the divorce you lived in a civil marriage with another person. In order for your common-law husband to be recognized as the baby’s father, you need his decision and a corresponding application to the registry office.

Often the factor of marriage is overlooked to determine status, they say, the child does not have an official father, then the mother will be single in any case (in the situation with this child). So, the latter loses its MO status, although, in fact, it remains the only parent for the child. Some regional laws mention this. So in a bz. 8 clause 1.3. Decree of the Moscow Government No. 973-PP dated November 6, 2007 clearly states that a single mother should not be married.

So, the factors for recognizing you as a single mother are raising a child outside of marriage and the lack of documented paternity. Social status is confirmed by a certificate f. No. 25, which is issued by the civil registry office on the basis of a birth certificate (in the “Father” column there is a dash or the father is written down from the words of the mother).

Sometimes social status is confirmed by a court decision. When a single mother is denied relevant benefits and rights to state support, this status can be established in court.

Previously, the position of the Ministry of Defense was certified by the personal book of a single mother. Currently, such a document is not issued by social security institutions. But if it exists, then it retains its power.

There are cases when in one family, in relation to different children, the same woman can simultaneously be a MO and at the same time not have such status, because a single parent is determined in connection with a specific child.

For example, unmarried citizen Spirina A.A., has three children: a son and two daughters. The daughters were born in a marriage (which is currently dissolved) and paternity has not been disputed (the ex-husband pays alimony). And the son was born out of wedlock, without a record of the father in the certificate. So in relation to the son of Spirin A.A. a single mother, but in relation to her daughters, an ordinary mother.

Cash payments: amounts and procedure

Absolutely all mothers (including those raising a baby on their own) have the right to social insurance payments in connection with pregnancy and at the birth of a child, namely:

If you are pregnant for up to 12 weeks, you go to the clinic at your place of residence and register, then you are entitled to a one-time payment in the amount of 628.47 rubles;
After 30 weeks of pregnancy, the antenatal clinic doctor will issue you a sick leave, according to which payments are calculated at the place of work. Along with the sick leave, there is a birth certificate with a total value of 11,000 rubles. It can be spent on medical services in a antenatal clinic, maternity hospital, children's clinic, as well as on the purchase of medicines;
At birth, you receive a state benefit, which is paid one-time in the amount of 16,759.09 rubles. In addition, until the child reaches 1.5 years of age, a monthly allowance is due, the minimum amount of which is 3,142.33 rubles. for the first child for subsequent 6,284.65 rubles. It should be noted that such assistance can only be received by the person who actually cares for the baby, that is, is on maternity leave.

There are also additional payments and benefits for mothers of many children, such as maternity capital, benefits until the child reaches 3 years old, etc. Maternity capital is due to the mother at the birth of her second, third and subsequent children. Its size is fixed by law and in 2017 is 453,026 rubles. Regional maternity capital for 3 children can be received not only by a single mother, but also by mothers raising children in two-parent families.

As for the additional payments that single mothers are entitled to, their size and procedure for receiving them are under the control of regional authorities. The amount of payments varies depending on the average family income (above or below the subsistence level). Often single mothers are entitled to standard payments (like other mothers), but at an increased rate. The question often arises of how long a single mother can receive benefits. The answer is individual in each specific case and depends on the number of children in the family, the average per capita income per family member/total family income, the status of the child (disabled/healthy), as well as the social policy of local authorities. In most regions of the Russian Federation, single mothers receive the following types of financial assistance:

additional benefit (one-time) for the birth of a child (this is practiced in the Volgograd region);
bonus monthly social assistance for a single mother (for example, in Voronezh its amount is 514.80 rubles, in Novosibirsk 478.31 rubles);
monthly payments for child care up to 3 years old;
benefit for the 3rd child, which is paid monthly until he reaches 3 years of age;
assistance for a mother raising a disabled child (can be paid until the child reaches 18 years of age);
targeted targeted monetary assistance (for example, in Bashkortostan, from 15,000 to 100,000 rubles are allocated for vocational training, for running a private farm, business, etc.);
compensation for parental fees for non-attendance at kindergartens (applied in the Ulyanovsk region);
long-term payments for children of single mothers from 0 to 16/18 years (appointed, for example, in the Leningrad region);
other cases.

In general, the status of a municipal organization implies the receipt of standard benefits, additional payments to benefits (increased amount), separate social assistance (targeted for the municipal organization) in cash and in kind, benefits (social plan), guarantees (in medical, labor relations) and various benefits in various spheres of life.

To find out what benefits are available to single mothers in your area, contact your local social security office.

Amount of benefits in Moscow

In order to understand the procedure for providing financial assistance to single mothers, let’s consider the situation with social payments in Moscow.

The amount of payments directly depends on the average family income, namely on whether the income exceeds the subsistence level or not. If a family consists of 2 people (mother and baby), then the minimum is 31,065 rubles. per month (mother 17,624 rubles + child 13,441 rubles). If you live in Moscow and your income is below this indicator, then you can count on:

payment to compensate for the increase in the cost of living in Moscow. This assistance is paid monthly until the child turns 16 years old (for schoolchildren, university students, technical schools and other full-time educational institutions - up to 18 years old). Amount of assistance – 750 rubles/month;
allowance in the amount of 2,500 rubles. It is received monthly by mothers of children under 1.5 years old, as well as from 3 to 18 years old;
assistance in the amount of 4,500 rubles, which is paid on a monthly basis to mothers of children from 1.5 to 3 years old.

If your income is above the subsistence level, you will not receive the above assistance. But at the same time you have the right to:

compensation payment in the amount of 300 rubles. monthly. Paid until the child reaches 16 years of age (for full-time students - 18 years of age);
compensation for rising food prices (675 rubles monthly for children under 3 years old). Mothers receive the same assistance in cases where the ex-husband evades paying alimony;
assistance in caring for a disabled child of groups 1 and 2 or disabled since childhood (6,000 rubles monthly). The mother receives payments until her son/daughter reaches 18 years of age and only if the child does not work, and if disabled since childhood - until 23 years of age.

Also, the Moscow authorities have appointed a benefit for the second child, which is paid one-time in the amount of 14,500 rubles. All mothers can count on this help, regardless of whether they have the status of a single mother or not.

The amount of social assistance for single mothers in Moscow is considered quite high compared to other regions of the Russian Federation, which in turn is associated with the high level of consumer prices in the capital.

Example No. 1.
Moscow resident Samsonova E.D. independently raises two children - daughter Samsonova S.V. (schoolgirl, 15 years old) and son Samsonov V.V. (4 years). Average monthly income of Samsonova E.D. – 41,610 rub. The cost of living for a family is 44,506 rubles. (mother 17.624 + son 13.441 + daughter 13.441). Let's calculate the amount of financial assistance to which the Samsonov family is entitled. Since the Samsonovs’ income is below the subsistence level established in Moscow, the Samsonovs can claim:

2,500 rubles each. for daughter Samsonova S.V. and son Samsonov V.V., total 5,000 monthly;
compensation payments taking into account the difference in consumer prices, 750 rubles. for a son and daughter, a total of 1,500 monthly;
one-time assistance for the son of Samsonov V.V. – 14.500.

Thus, the Samsonov family will receive 14,500 one-time and 6,500 monthly (5,000 + 1,5000).

How to get benefits

For payments, you need to contact the social security authority at your place of residence, having first collected the necessary documents:

child's birth certificate (copy);
a certificate from the registry office, which indicates that information about the father was recorded from the words of the mother (if such a fact occurred);
a certificate from the Criminal Code with information about the composition of the family (confirms that the son/daughter lives with the mother);
Form No. 25, confirming the status of a single mother (the document can be obtained from the registry office when registering a birth certificate).

If the status of a single mother is assigned due to the fact that the ex-husband has challenged paternity of a son/daughter born in marriage, then along with the above documents, a copy of the court decision must be submitted to Social Security.

Payment of benefits is assigned from the month when the documents were transferred to Social Security, so it is in your interests to take care of providing the papers as soon as possible. Assistance is transferred until the child reaches a certain age, within which payments are assigned.

Labor guarantees

Labor legislation provides single mothers with social protection during employment, in the workplace, and also in case of dismissal. What labor benefits are available to a single mother?

when hiring, there is a privilege compared to other candidates for the position (although this is more of a moral side of the issue). But in any case, refusal of employment cannot be based on the fact that you are raising a child alone. The employer is obliged to provide a justified reason for not approving your candidacy for the vacant position;
if you are officially employed, then you have the right to demand that your employer establish a part-time working day (if your son/daughter is under 14 years old);
If the baby is under 5 years old, then you can refuse overtime work, night shifts, work on weekends and holidays. Management has no right to force or apply any disciplinary action;
As a single mother, you are entitled to child care benefits in case of illness. Its amount depends on your work experience and salary, as well as on whether the child is treated as an inpatient or outpatient.

A single mother cannot be fired in the event of a reduction in staff (similar to pregnant women), a change in management, or in the civil service - when access to state secrets is terminated.

But an employer can fire a woman during the liquidation of an enterprise (for example, due to bankruptcy), but at the same time he is assigned financial obligations in connection with the upcoming employment of the dismissed woman.

Tax benefits

According to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, a single mother has the right to a reduced tax burden in the form of a deduction when calculating personal income tax. If, as a standard, each parent is provided with a deduction in the amount of 1,400 rubles, then a single woman has the right to a double rate of 2,800 rubles. Compensation is provided for each child under 18 years of age. If the son/daughter is a full-time student at a university, technical school, or is a resident, cadet, or graduate student, then the tax refund for the mother remains until they reach 24 years of age. When raising a disabled child, the mother receives a deduction of 6,000 rubles.

Compensation is provided to the mother on a monthly basis. To do this, it is necessary to submit documents confirming the status of a single mother to the place of work: form No. 25 or a certificate from the registry office, if information about the father is indicated according to the mother. Based on these documents, the accounting department recalculates personal income tax on a monthly basis: the tax is calculated based on total income minus deductions.

Example No. 2.
Sviridova S.D. independently raises two children - the son of Sviridov G.P. (25 years old, resident) and daughter Sviridov E.P. (21 years old, full-time student at a university). Average monthly income of Sviridova S.D. is 14,820 rubles. Let's calculate the amount of tax compensation for each child:

despite the fact that the son of Sviridov G.P. is a resident, a deduction cannot be issued for him. This is due to the fact that the son is over 24 years old;
for daughter Sviridova E.P. You can apply for compensation, since she is under 24 years old and is a full-time student. Compensation for a daughter is provided in the standard amount - 2,800 rubles.

In general, Sviridova S.D. pays personal income tax from monthly income:

14.820 * 13% = 1.927

After registration of the deduction, the tax will be calculated as follows:

(14.820 – 2.800) * 13% = 1.563

Thus, for the Sviridov family, the monthly savings are:

1.927 – 1.563 = 364 rubles.

In addition to providing a deduction, tax legislation exempts single mothers from paying property taxes. True, at the municipal level, that is, at the discretion of legislators of a particular locality (for example, in Norilsk). There are no benefits at the federal level (universally).

The situation is similar with land and transport taxes.

Fringe benefits

There are other social benefits for single mothers, the provision of which is guaranteed by municipal legislation (that is, not in all regions and localities):

a set of free baby clothes for your baby;
provision of food in the children's dairy kitchen for children under 2 years of age;
free massage for children in the clinic (if this service is paid for everyone);
benefits for admission to kindergarten (children of single mothers enter preschool institutions out of turn);
free vouchers to children's health resorts.

Regional authorities may provide additional social support. For example, single mothers in Moscow are entitled to benefits in the form of free two meals a day for schoolchildren. If the child is studying at an art school, then, according to the Resolution of the Culture Committee, a single mother pays for her studies with a 30% discount.

In order to clearly understand which benefits are available to single mothers and which are not, let’s look at the table.

	Availability of benefits	General grounds
Labor benefits	Privilege when hiring; the right to part-time work (if the son/daughter is under 14 years old); the right to refuse night and overtime work (if the son/daughter is under 5 years old); maintaining a job when staffing is reduced.	reduction is possible upon liquidation of the enterprise; if the child is over 7 years old, then sick leave after the 15th day of illness is not paid at 100% (payment is made in the general manner according to length of service)
Tax benefits	exemption from property tax; the right to a tax deduction (RUB 2,800 for each child).	if the son/daughter is over 24 years old, then no tax deduction is provided (even if the child is a full-time student)
Social benefits	Regional/municipal benefits: free sets of linen for newborns; free food (dairy kitchen for newborns, two meals a day for schoolchildren); advantage in the queue for admission to kindergarten. Regional benefits: discount when paying for tuition at art schools, sports clubs, etc.; full provision in a preschool institution.

To clarify information about benefits and the procedure for applying for them, a single mother must contact the social protection authorities at her place of residence.

How does the loss of MO status affect the receipt of benefits, benefits, etc.

When a mother loses her single status (gets married, adopts a child, etc.), the question often arises about the fate of government assistance.

If we are talking about a one-time benefit, then previously received payments are inviolable; they are not subject to return, recalculation, offset, etc.

As for monthly state/regional benefits, the recipient of assistance (MO) must report changes in their life situation within the nearest reasonable time (to the same place where they applied for benefits) before the next payment is received. Otherwise, a recalculation is possible, and if this information is deliberately concealed for a long time, the police may become interested in this fact (upon a statement from the payer of state/regulatory assistance about fraud).

Benefits and allowances in certain regions

To fully realize your financial rights, it is useful to know what payments a single mother is entitled to in her region of residence.

Below is information about benefits and benefits in individual regions of the Federation.

Moscow region

Name		periodization	size
child benefit	single mother's income is no more than the subsistence level	monthly	up to 1.5 years - 4456 rub. from 1.5 to 3 years - 6476 rub. from 3 to 7 years - 2228 rub. from 7 and older - 1114 rub.
allowance for a disabled child	a single mother has a disabled child of any group under 18 years of age	monthly	7901 rub.
student family allowance	single mother is a student	monthly	4000 rub.
cash payment for the third and subsequent child	low-income single mother	monthly	the cost of living in the Moscow region
providing rest and health improvement for children	a single mother is the only parent in a large family	annually	provided in kind (vouchers, courses, etc.)
free medicine provision	by doctor's prescription	upon receipt of a prescription	up to 3 years of age of the child; for mothers with many children up to 6 years of age
		1 time per month	every child
free travel on city public transport	for a single mother with 3 or more children	daily	a child who is no more than 7 years old
free food	for children of a single mother according to a doctor’s conclusion	constantly until 3 years of age	in kind

Saint Petersburg

Name	Special appointment conditions	periodization	size
	for children of single mothers aged 0 to 1.5 years	monthly	for the first - 3552 rubles; for the second and subsequent ones - 4058 rubles.
allowance for the purchase of children's goods and baby food products	for children of single mothers aged 1.5 to 7 years	monthly	1318 rub.
allowance for a child from 7 to 16 years old (or until graduation from an educational organization of primary general, basic general, secondary general education, but not older than 18 years)		monthly	1225 rub. for each child
allowance for a disabled child under 18 years of age for the purchase of children's (teenage) goods, baby food products, special dairy products	single mother is disabled of groups I and (or) II	monthly	8641 rub.
compensation payment for children studying in educational organizations of primary, basic, secondary general education and secondary vocational education under training programs for skilled workers (employees), but not older than 18 years	single mother with three or more children	monthly	4058 rub.
reimbursement of utilities (heating, water, sewerage, gas, electricity) within the limits of utility consumption standards	mother is the only parent raising a large family	monthly	30% – if there are 3 children; 40% - from 4 to 7 children; 50% - 8 or more children.
discount on parental fees for childcare and supervision in the state. preschool and other state educational institutions	The average per capita family income is below two times the cost of living in St. Petersburg	monthly	40% of the parental fee for each child,
compensation payment at the birth of a child (adoption under the age of six months) for the purchase of baby items and baby food products		at one time	RUB 28,257 at the birth of the first child; RUB 37,678 - second child; RUB 47,096 - third and subsequent children
compensation payment for reimbursement of expenses due to increased cost of living	children from a large family receiving a survivor's pension	monthly	3767 rub. for each child
social benefits for student mothers	training at a university, college	monthly	3457 rub.

Krasnodar region

Stavropol region

Name	Special appointment conditions	periodization	size
allowance for a child under 16 years of age		monthly	728 rub.
payment to mother of many children	having 3 or more children	monthly	365 rub.
benefit for the birth of 3 children and subsequent children		at one time	7795 rub.
compensation for school uniforms	a single mother has 3 or more children	annually	1040 rub. for each child
compensation for utility expenses	single mother has a disabled child	monthly	50% of the cost of utilities

Voronezh region

Altai region

Name	Special appointment conditions	periodization	size
child birth benefit		at one time	50,000 rub. – second child; 7000 rub. – third and subsequent ones; 20,000 rub. - at the birth of twins
allowance for children from 1.5 to 3 years		monthly	522 rub.
payment at the birth of a third child	the income for each family member of a single mother does not exceed the subsistence level established in the Altai Territory	monthly	5490 rub.
student allowance (uniform and supplies)		annually	7500 rub. for a first grader; 5000 rub. - student of other classes
	single mother has 3 or more children	upon presentation of a prescription	delivery in kind
compensation for travel costs for children on public transport	single mother has 3 or more children	monthly	travel document
compensation for meals for children in educational institutions under 18 years of age	single mother has 3 or more children	monthly

Sverdlovsk region

Name	Special appointment conditions	periodization	size
child benefit	a single mother has an income no higher than the subsistence level in the Sverdlovsk region	monthly	941 rub.
payment for 3 and subsequent children		at one time	RUB 10,672
compensation for school uniform expenses	a single mother with 3 or more children with an income below the subsistence level in the Sverdlovsk region	1 time every 2 years	2000 rub. for each student
compensation for a child's travel on public transport	single mother with many children	monthly	433 rub.
free prescription medications up to 6 years of age	single mother has 3 or more children	upon presentation of a prescription	delivery in kind
discount on utility costs	single mother has 3 or more children	monthly	30% cost
free school breakfast or lunch	for children of a single mother with many children		entry into the register, issuance of a certificate
child support allowance	single mother has a disabled child	monthly	1265 rub.

Irkutsk region

Name	Special appointment conditions	periodization	size
allowance for a child under 16 years of age		monthly	624 rub.
payment for the purchase of school uniforms	single mother with many children and low income	1 time every 2 years	1000 rub. for each student
compensation payment to compensate for the increase in food costs	for children under 3 years old	monthly	675 rub.
compensation payment for a child of a disabled person of group I or II up to 18 years of age (up to 23 years of age for a disabled person since childhood)	disabled child	monthly	12,000 rub.
	single mother has 3 or more children	monthly	30% of the cost
additional payment at birth		one-time	5000 rub.
free prescription drugs		upon presentation of a prescription until the child is 3 years old	delivery in kind

Tambov Region

Name	Special appointment conditions	periodization	size
additional benefit for the birth of a child	single mother age no more than 25 years	one-time	3000 rub.
child benefit		monthly	356 rub.
payment for the third child and subsequent child	low-income single mother	monthly	RUR 7,025
compensation for child care fees in kindergartens		monthly	20% of the amount for the first child; 50% - for the second; 70% - for the third.
payment for 3 children	average per capita family income is less than the subsistence minimum	monthly	8436 rub.
compensation for utility costs	single mother has 3 or more children	monthly	30% of the cost
free prescription medications up to 6 years of age	single mother has 3 or more children	upon presentation of a prescription	delivery in kind
free school breakfast and lunch		on weekdays (during the educational process)	entry into the register, issuance of a certificate
free travel for children on public transport		monthly	travel document
payment for the purchase of school and sports uniforms		Once every 3 years	at prices approved by municipalities
free entry to museums, exhibitions, cultural and recreational parks		1 time per month	every child

Yaroslavl region

Name	Special appointment conditions	periodization	size
Governor's benefit for the birth of a child		one-time	4258 rub. - for the first child; 5677 rub. - on the second; 7096 rub. - for the third and subsequent children, 42720 rub. - when two or more children are born at the same time
compensation for failure to provide kindergarten to a child	per child aged 3 to 7 years	monthly	4925 rub.
social pension for a disabled child		monthly	7616.10 rub.
regional payment for a disabled child	the child's only parent is a disabled person of group I or II	monthly	2000 rub.
payment to a single mother with schoolchildren to prepare for the start of the school year	low-income family	annually	1277 rub.
discount on school meals		on school days	50%
food payment for a nursing single mother		monthly until the child is 6 months old	284 rub.

Perm region

Name	Special appointment conditions	periodization	size
child benefits		monthly	RUR 323.30
additional benefit for single mother	low-income parent	monthly	2822 rub.
payment for a nursing single mother		one-time	1996 rub.
compensation payments within the framework of the “Mom’s Choice” project for non-attendance at kindergarten		monthly	6091.95 rub. - from 1.5 to 3 years; 5172.41 rub. - from 3 to 5 years.
child benefit	single mother classified as low-income	monthly	274 rub. for each child
compensation for caring for a disabled child	a single mother does not work, is not registered on unemployment, does not receive a pension and is not an individual entrepreneur	monthly	5500 rub.
first grader's allowance	poor single mother	one-time	5000 rub.
compensation for each family member for utilities	single mother has 3 or more children	monthly	RUR 246.75
compensation to parents for paying for music, art and sports schools		monthly	50%
provision of school and sports uniforms for schoolchildren	low-income single mother with 3 or more children	annually	RUB 2,496 per year for a boy and 2,474 rubles. per year for a girl
free prescription medications up to 6 years of age	with a doctor's prescription for outpatient treatment	upon presentation of a prescription	delivery in kind
free meals for schoolchildren on weekdays	low-income single mother with 3 or more children		entry into the register, issuance of a certificate
free prescription medications up to 6 years of age	with a doctor's prescription for outpatient treatment	upon presentation of a prescription	delivery in kind

More detailed information about child benefits for single mothers of regional importance should be found in any territorial department of social security of the corresponding region.

Question answer

Question:
A woman is raising her son on her own due to the fact that the father is deprived of parental rights. Can a woman obtain single mother status?

No, since the ex-husband is actually the father, as documented (birth certificate). Single mother status can only be obtained if information about the father is not documented.

Question:
A woman is raising a daughter who is disabled group 2. At the age of 17, the daughter was officially employed. How much benefit can a mother expect?

Payments in the amount of 6,000 rubles. are transferred to the mother monthly until her daughter’s employment. The assistance ends in the month when the daughter returns to work. Social and tax benefits remain in full, regardless of whether the daughter works or not.

At the federal level, child benefits for a single mother practically no different from payments for children raised in a two-parent family - neither according to the list of types, nor according to their size. Special benefits that could take into account and improve the financial status of a family without a second parent, according to federal laws not provided. This applies to the period of pregnancy of a single woman, and life with the baby after childbirth, and his upbringing until adulthood.

The only exception is monthly child benefit, which is formally federal, but its size is determined by decision of the regional leadership. For single mothers, this payment is assigned in an increased amount compared to the established basic level.

In general, child benefits for a single mother depend on the following factors:

the fact that the mother is employed;
number of children a woman has;
average per capita income of a family with a single parent.

In some regions, with rare exceptions, additional targeted social benefits are also provided specifically for single women whose child does not have a father according to documents (or he is recorded on the birth certificate according to the mother).

How much does a single mother receive for child support from the state?

In general, a single mother can count on the same benefits from the state as a mother from a full family. Child benefits depend on the number of children she has, employment status and material income. Moreover, as a rule, they do not depend on the official one at all.

A single mother will receive the same amount for children as a family with two parents receives. That's why there is no point in applying for single status just for the sake of the size of social benefits. The list and amount of payments at the state level is established by Federal Law No. 81-FZ of May 19, 1995 “On state benefits for citizens with children.”

The only federal payment that single mothers can count on in an increased amount is simply called child benefit. It is assigned, and the amount varies depending on the region (most often, it is very modest).

Regions are also allowed to independently establish targeted or categorical payments to citizens at their own discretion. for single mothers there are additional regional benefits. A single mother should first of all find out whether in the region of her residence there are any special payments that she is entitled to.

How much does a single mother receive for her first child?

The state's care for mother and baby begins even before birth. At the state level, a single mother is entitled to payments starting from pregnancy (but only if the woman works) until she reaches 3 years of age. All benefits are divided into monthly and one-time.

Listed below benefits for the first child and their sizes, appropriate for a single mother.

This list of social benefits is relevant for officially, for which the employer pays insurance premiums, as well as soldier or student.
Benefits are issued at the place of work, study or service, and are paid through social insurance.

Table of benefits for the first child for a single mother

Amount of benefits for a single mother with two or more children

An employed single mother who has a second newborn can count on the same payments as after. They are awarded after birth every child. However, the minimum amount of monthly social benefits for caring for a second child up to 1.5 years old is increasing and a single mother has the right to maternity capital.

Table of additional benefits for a single mother for her second child

In the case of a single woman third baby, she is also guaranteed the following benefits:

Other payments you can count on:

(monthly or quarterly - the amount is set at the regional level;
from the state in the amount of RUB 453,026.00. - the certificate is issued regardless of employment;
regional maternity capital for the 3rd child (size varies);
in case of low income.

Formally, military women are also not considered to be working, but they are still entitled to maternity benefits. in a fixed amount(equal to the amount of the scholarship or allowance).

One-time benefit for the birth of a child

The fact of payment of this benefit and its amount does not depend on any external conditions and factors (security, salary, presence of a job or husband). The state guaranteed payment in the amount RUB 16,350.33(as of 2017) to the mother of every child born in the Russian Federation.

When two or more children are born at one time (twins, triplets, etc.) for each of them. A woman must apply for payment within six months after the baby is born.

Since this benefit is formally due to any of the child’s parents, to register it in a complete family it must be provided at the place of receipt (and if one of them works, then only the working parent can receive the payment).
In this regard, the procedure for processing payments for a single mother is somewhat simplified: for a single mother no need to provide at the place where you received a certificate from the second parent.

Obtaining such a certificate can be significantly complicated if the child officially has a father, but they do not live together with their mother and are generally on bad terms. Then obtaining the coveted certificate may be significantly complicated due to the reluctance of the second spouse to provide it.

Child care benefit up to 1.5 years in 2018

Unemployed single mothers will be able to receive in a minimum amount, namely:

RUB 3,065.69 - for the first baby;
6131.37 rub. - .

Moreover, if they receive unemployment benefits, they will be able to choose only one of the payments - unemployment from the SZN or care. Both types of social assistance are not assigned at the same time!

As you can see, unemployed women are at a disadvantage. Indeed, if employed, they could count not only on a minimum wage of up to 1.5 years, but also on the following list of payments:

in the amount of 100% of the salary and payment of 613.14 rubles. when registering a pregnant woman up to 12 weeks;
Monthly care allowance up to 1.5 years(which is higher than the minimum amount if the average earnings exceed the minimum wage);
until the child’s 3rd birthday - it is paid by the employer and formally should compensate the woman for the temporary inability to earn money (although this has not been done for a long time due to its insignificant size).

Benefits for low-income single mothers

Due to the fact that single mothers often do not have an official job before giving birth, as well as for other reasons, they often... Such women are entitled to two additional benefits. They are paid regardless of the woman’s employment, but taking into account need criterion.

Table of benefits for low-income single mothers

Title of the manual	Regulatory document	For which child of a single mother is paid	Size	Reasons for receiving
	Art. 16 of Law No. 81-FZ of May 19, 1995; regional legislative acts	For everyone up to 16 (18) years old	Set regionally	If the average per capita income per family member is below the regional subsistence level (LM)
	Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 606 of 05/07/2012, regional documents	For the 3rd and each subsequent child under 3 years of age born after 01/01/2013.	The amount of children's PM for the quarter in which the appeal occurred	The average per capita income is below the established amount for the region. Paid only for children with Russian citizenship

Amounts of both payments depend on the region of residence women and are established according to regional laws.

It is worth submitting documents on income for months that do not include the month of receipt. Otherwise, incomes may be overestimated, and benefits for the poor will not be provided.

exists in every region of the Russian Federation regardless of the order of birth of the child. If the need criterion is met, single mothers are paid an increased amount compared to the regular amount (usually one and a half, two or three times).
- It is worth recalling that a single mother is legally considered a woman in relation to a child whose birth documents indicate father not specified(or indicated from her words), and was not served.
- If a woman is just divorced from her husband(also if a widow or if the child’s father is deprived of parental rights), she is not considered a single mother, and she will be entitled to benefits at the usual rate.
valid only in 50 constituent entities of the Russian Federation and only for the 3rd child (and subsequent children). The list of regions for which the payment is relevant is adjusted annually.
- These benefits are issued at the local social protection authority. Documents can also be submitted through the MFC.
- It makes sense to apply for them while the baby less than 6 months old, since it will not be possible to return the unpaid amount within a longer period.

Mandatory benefits for low-income single women for each child are valid in all regions of the Russian Federation. It is established at the state level, but the size is regulated regionally. Usually it does not exceed 500 rubles, although there are exceptions. For example, it amounts to for each child of a single mother:

, - 362-368 rub.;
- 472 rub.;
- 540 rub.
- 540.94 rub. (for the first) and 676.18 rubles. (second and subsequent);
and - 1596 rubles;
- 3,298 rub. and 3,768 rub. (for the first and second up to 1.5 years), 848 rubles. (1.5-7 years), 787 rub. (7-16 years old).

The amount for different regions also differs greatly. For example, as of the 2nd quarter of 2016, in the Belgorod region, a single mother for her 3rd child will receive 8,150 rubles, and in the Nenets Autonomous Okrug - 21,076 rubles.

How much do single mothers get paid in the regions?

Also in the regions (not all) there are different additional payments single mothers.

To receive special payments, a woman must submit the necessary package of documents to Social Security, which includes confirming her status as a single mother.
Permanent residence in the specified region is required.

The list and amounts of benefits intended specifically for this category of the population are regulated by local legislation. Even for neighboring regions of the Russian Federation it may differ significantly.

Examples of regional payments to single mothers

This table shows only payments established by local law. for the poor, which is mandatory for all regions, was not indicated. Single mothers are also entitled to all the social benefits that a full family can count on in the region.

If a single mom marries but her husband does not adopt the child, the woman may still be entitled to special single mom benefits for that particular child. When calculating income, the husband's salary will not be taken into account. However, this should be clarified in advance with the Social Security authorities.

Payments upon adoption of a child by one parent

The law does not prohibit adoption by a single woman or man (that is, a person who is not officially married). In this case, the child only appears one (sole) adoptive parent. The child can be of any age, but the requirements for a minimum age difference and other factors taken into account during adoption must be met.

Depending on whether the woman who wants to adopt a child works and in which region of the Russian Federation she lives, she will be entitled to all relevant federal and regional payments. Their list can be adjusted if the adoptive parent gets married and his partner also adopts the child.

Single employed adoptive parent The following benefits are provided:

It must be remembered that according to Russian law, adopted children equal in rights to relatives. A single adoptive parent can count on the same benefits as if the adopted child were his own.

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