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What is the name of Santa Claus in different countries. What is Santa Claus called in different countries of the world, pictures

In America - Santa Claus. Gray hair, neat beard trimmed short and mustache. Red short fur coat, pants and hat-cap. A dark leather belt with a buckle wraps around a thick belly. Thin white gloves. Often wears glasses. He smokes a pipe (although lately he has been trying not to “press” this element of the image), travels through the air on deer, enters the house through the chimney and tosses gifts into shoes and stockings left near the fireplace. The children leave milk and chocolate chip cookies for him.

Santa is a middle-aged man, overweight, cheerful and cheerful. Usually one appears, but dwarves and elves may accompany. The name "Santa Claus" first appeared in the press in 1773.

In Azerbaijan - "Saxta Baba"(Mine Baba, literally Santa Claus. The same Santa Claus, but in blue.

In Armenia - Dzmer Papi(literally Winter grandfather) and Junanushik(literally “Snowy Anush” (Anush is sweet, as well as a female name).

In England - Father Christmas and Santa Claus

In Austria -Sylvester.

In Australia, Santa Claus since the climate does not allow wearing a fur coat, here Santa appears in a red bathing suit-overalls, but always in a hat with fur.

in Altai - Sook Taadak.

In Bashkortostan and Tatarstan - Kysh Babai.

In Bulgaria - Dyado Koleda or Dyado Mraz

In Belgium and Poland - St Nicholas.

In Belarus - Ded Moroz (Dzed Maroz). He is dressed in a long fur coat to the toes, leans on a magic staff, does not wear glasses, does not smoke a pipe, leads a healthy lifestyle and does not suffer from noticeable fullness. The Belarusian Santa Claus lives in his residence (since December 25, 2003) on the territory of the National Park "Belovezhskaya Pushcha". Guests are welcomed not only in winter, but all year round.

But Snow Maiden comes to help Santa Claus only in winter, for the holidays. In addition to the house of Santa Claus itself, the estate has a separate house for the Snow Maiden - the Treasury (Skarbnitsa), where gifts and letters sent by children are stored. On the territory of the residence grows the tallest spruce in Europe (40 m), which is 120 years old.

Vietnamese the spirit of the new year is called Tao Kuen. It is also called the spirit of the family hearth. On New Year's Eve, he goes to heaven on a carp, which turns into a dragon, to report to the heavenly ruler about the good deeds and deeds of all family members. Therefore, sweets are placed near his image, many, many sweets. Tao Kuen will eat, his lips will stick together - he will not be able to tell very much.

In Holland and the Netherlands - Site-Kaas (Sinter Klaas, Sunderklass). Sinter Klaas arrives on horseback, dressed in a miter and a white episcopal robe, accompanied by his faithful servant, the Moor, nicknamed Black Peter, who carries a bag with gifts for obedient children and a rod for the naughty.

In Georgia- “Tovlis papa”, “Tovlis babua”

In France- New Year's good man is called "daddy" Peer Noel, which means "Father Christmas", he is dressed in all white. He walks with a staff and wears a wide-brimmed hat and a long fur coat. Previously accompanied by Pre fuettar- literally translated “dad with a whip”, who mercilessly whipped those who did not obey dad and mom. Now Per Noel often comes alone.Also in France there is another Santa Claus - Shaland, old man with a beard and in a fur hat and raincoat. And in his basket he keeps not gifts, but rods for naughty children.

In Sweden and Denmark- as in France there are two Santa Clauses: a stooped grandfather Yultomten(Yolotomten, Yul Tomten) is a little old man who lives in the forest and rides in a cart pulled by foxes. He is helped by a dwarf with a beard Yulnissar. Both of them are kind and leave presents for the children on the windowsills for the New Year.

In Germany- Weinachtsman, Kristkind, Niemand, Santa Nikolaus. Santa Nikolaus- a modern New Year's wizard. He comes with his assistant Knecht Ruprecht, which keeps a journal detailing the actions of children. In the 19th century. Ruprecht performed not only secretarial duties: he grabbed the most notorious naughty, put them in a bag or carried them into the forest into the huge pocket of his raincoat. The oldest New Year's character is Nimand(Nobody). German children put the blame on him when they were naughty or broke something. On a festive night, he came on a donkey and brought sweets to obedient children. Children for these sweets put a plate on the table, and put hay in the shoes for his donkey. On the evening of December 24, when the Christmas trees are already lit, comes according to tradition Weinakhtsman(Christmas grandfather) and Christkind.

The Christmas grandfather is introduced as a friendly old man with a long white beard, a red hat and white fur, a bag of gifts and a cane. Sometimes he goes with him Polznickel. He is dressed up quite terribly, in contrast to the beautiful and meek Kristkind. He is wearing a topsy-turvy fur coat, intercepted by a chain, in one hand a rod for punishing the disobedient. Interestingly, unlike Weinakhtsman, they try not to let Poltsnikel into the house. He walks the streets, catches walkers, frightening with his chains and even forcing them to eat onions and garlic, which he specially carries with him.

But Polznikel is not considered evil, but rather harsh and fair. It is believed that with his chains he scares away evil spirits. Kristkind appears in a white outfit, holding a basket with traditional apples, nuts and sweets. Children could tell Christkind poems and sing songs, and for this they received gifts. Kristkind gives gifts only to obedient children, and the naughty ones are left empty-handed. Christkind is an invention of Martin Luther. Protestants did not recognize Catholic saints, but they wanted to keep the custom of giving gifts, so Kristkind was created, which distributed gifts to Protestant families on Christmas Day, December 25th. Then this image took root and Kristkind began to come more often to Catholic families, but Protestant families practically abandoned this character. In German folklore, children put carrots in their shoes for Odin's flying horse. And Odin gave them sweets in return.

In Greece and Cyprus- Santa's name is Vasily. Children sing a song: “Saint Basil, where are you, come, Saint Basil, give happiness, fulfill all my desires.” Here the prototype of the Nativity saint is Basil the Great of Caesarea, a younger contemporary of Nicholas. Saint Basil turned out to be Christmas because his memory is celebrated by the Greek church on the first of January. In the guise of a modern Greek St. Basil has many traits from his western counterpart. He is portrayed as an old man with a white beard who goes around the house and gives gifts to children.

In the north of Spain, in the Basque country - Olentzero. He does not melt with a flask of good Spanish wine, but he never forgets and gives gifts to children.

In Spain - Papa Noel. The tradition of celebrating the New Year with Santa Claus originated in the country relatively recently. Papa Noel did not appear here by chance, but appeared under the inspiration of Santa.

Spaniards are more accustomed to receiving gifts from the Fairy Kings, but Papa Noel was also welcomed here. Children are especially welcome. Now Papa Noel comes for Christmas and New Year, and on January 6, the Magic Kings come with gifts.

In India- the duties of Grandfather Mgoroz are performed by the goddess Lakshmi(goddess of happiness and prosperity). She is described as a goddess of incredible beauty, standing on a lotus and holding a lotus in two hands.

AT Italy- Santa Claus is generally a woman, and not just a woman, but a witch - an old woman Befana(La Befana). In her appearance, she resembles Baba Yaga from Russian fairy tales, but unlike Baba Yaga, Befana is terrible in her face, but kind inside. She flies on New Year's Eve through the chimney to each child's house and leaves gifts for good children, however, some people find coals instead of sweets. These are also sweets, only black, with bitterness. So Befana hints to girls and boys: remember, did you behave well last year, did you upset your parents?

There are also Babo Nattale- leaves his sleigh on the roof and enters the house through the chimney, where some milk and sweets are left for him.

In Lithuania - Senialis Šaltis(Old Man Frost)

In Kazakhstan - Ayaz-ata literal translation sounds like Grandfather Frost.

In Cambodia (in Kampuchea) - Ded Zhara. And the New Year is celebrated there for three days: from April 13 to 15.

In Kalmykia - Zul.

In Karelia - Pakkaine, which in translation from Karelian means Frost. Pakkaine is young. His birthday is December 1st.

In China - Sho Hing, Sheng Dan Laojen or Dong Che Lao Ren. He will definitely visit every Chinese child and leave a gift for everyone. Sho Hin is a wise old man who wears silk robes, has a long beard, and studied Confucius, wushu and aikido. He travels around the country on a donkey.

In Colombia, Pascual.

In Karelia - Pakkainen.

In Mongolia -Uvlin Uvgun, and accompany it Zazan Ohin(Snow Maiden) and Tire Vein(boy New Year). New Year in Mongolia coincides with the festival of cattle breeding, so Uvlin Uvgun wears the clothes of a cattle breeder: in a furry coat and a large fox hat. In his hands he has a long whip, a flint, a flint and a snuffbox. It depends on him whether there will be plenty of milk and meat for the New Year's table.

In Norway- Make gifts for children Nisse(Yolinise) - cute little brownies. Nisse wear knitted caps. They also like tasty things (sweet oatmeal and a piece of butter). Even though the Nisse are caring protectors of the home, they are very vindictive - from damaging livestock to destroying an entire farm. And if you wish, you can become invisible. He loves attics and cupboards with dishes. Friendly with pets.

Later, the image of Nisse was transformed into Santa's Christmas helper. At the head of the Nisse clan is the son of that Nisse, who first gave two silver coins to a little girl more than four hundred years ago.

And it was like this: one Nisse accidentally saw a girl who on Christmas Eve put a bowl in the snow so that Nisse would leave some food for her. Nisse put two coins into the bowl. And then he liked this idea so much that every year he began to give coins and sweets to children. It is Nissa who is helped to choose the best spruce, worthy of decorating the whole city! They climb to the top of the most beautiful Christmas tree and swing on it until people notice.

In Savoy - Saint Schaland.

In Ukraine - Father Frost(Did Frost). But it is St. Nicholas, and not Santa Claus, who brings gifts (mykolaichiki) to children on the night of December 18-19 and puts them under the pillow.

In Uzbekistan - “Korbobo(To the delight of the children, on New Year's Eve, he enters the villages on horseback on a donkey, himself in a striped robe, in a patterned skullcap. And the Snow Maiden with him Korgyz also in a skullcap and she also has many, many braids, like any Uzbek girl.”- I found this information on the Internet, and my Uzbek friend told me this - Cor Bobo(literal translation Black Grandfather or Grandfather) the robe is like that of the Russian Santa Claus, only the color of the robe has some difference - it is white and blue. The girl next to him Kor Kyz, unlike the Russian Snow Maiden, who has a kokoshnik on her head - Kor Kyz has a cap that fits her head.

In Romania - most often you will meet the name Mosh Jarile, but it is not so. Now in Romania Santa Claus is called Mosh Krachun- Christmas in Romanian.According to a Romanian legend, the shepherd Crăciun sheltered the Virgin Mary. When she gave birth, he gave her and her Child cheese and milk.

Since then, Saint Mosh Krachun has been giving gifts to children. He comes from the outback Codri. Mosh Dzharile - this is a pseudonym for the time of the socialist period - now they have returned to the old name.

In Moldova - Mosh Krachun He also has his own retinue - these are the famous Pekale and Tyndale, as well as other national characters. Mosh Krachun wears not a red fur coat, but a traditional caftan with a belt decorated with a national pattern, and a sheep's kushma on his head.

In Russia - Father Frost. A tall, thin, but strong old man. Stern, stately, unsmiling, but kind and fair. walks in a white, blue or red sheepskin coat, with a long white beard and a staff in his hand, in felt boots. Pants are usually hidden under a sheepskin coat and are almost invisible, but linen pants and a shirt are white or decorated with ornaments. Belted with a wide belt. Wears embroidered gloves. He rides on three horses. Inseparable from his granddaughter Snegurochka . Sometimes a Snowman can also accompany. Since 1998, Veliky Ustyug has been considered the official residence of Santa Claus in Russia. Since 2005, the official birthday of Father Frost is January 18, when the first severe frosts usually strike in Veliky Ustyug. He enters through the door when he is called loudly three times and presents gifts. Or put gifts under the tree.

In Tuvai - Sook irey

In Tajikistan - Baboi Barfi

In Finland - Joulupukki. "Youlu" means Christmas, o "pukki" - a goat, that is, a Christmas goat. The fact is that many years ago, Santa Claus wore a goat skin, and delivered gifts on a goat. Gray hair, neat beard and mustache. Red jacket, pants and cap. Dark leather belt. Definitely glasses. He lives on Mount Korvantunturi (“mountain-ear”) either in a hut or in the mountain itself. along with his wife Muori (Maria) and the dwarves. In ancient times, he went home at Christmas (caroled), treated obedient children and punished the naughty (for which he carried rods with him). Subsequently, the educational moment was missed. The modern image and legend are largely taken from the American Santa Claus.

In the Czech Republic and Slovakia - Mikulas - comes on the night of December 5-6, on the eve of St. Nicholas Day. Outwardly similar to our Santa Claus. Long fur coat, hat, staff, with a top twisted into a spiral. Only now he brings gifts not in a bag, but in a shoulder box.

Yes, and it is not the Snow Maiden who accompanies him, but an angel in snow-white clothes and a shaggy imp. Mikulash is always happy to give good and obedient children an orange, an apple or some kind of sweetness. But if in the "Christmas boot" a hooligan or a loafer found a potato or a piece of coal, then this is definitely the work of Mikulas.

In Estonia - Jõuluvana and he looks like his Finnish cousin Joulupukki.

In the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug - Yamal Iri. In 2007, Yamal got its own Santa Claus, who gladly welcomes guests to his residence, gives them gifts, treats them and grants their wishes. year. This is one of the modern grandfathers: he has a mobile phone, e-mail, a personal website. Yamal Iri travels a lot, conducts a ritual ceremony of initiation of travelers into the "Northern Brotherhood" on the "Arctic Circle" stele in Salekhard. Yamal Iri, in addition to a wonderful staff, also has a magic tambourine, specially made by Yamal masters for rituals and ceremonies. It is made of deerskin, and stretched over a strong wooden frame. The beater for a tambourine is made of birch and covered with deer fur. The tambourine is lilac and harmonizes with the white and clothes of Yamal Iri.

In Japan- since recently, two Santa Clauses have been competing: Segatsu-san and newbie Oji-san(a modified version of the American Santa). Unlike Oji-san, the traditional Segatsu-san has to go from house to house for a whole week, which the Japanese call “golden”. Dressed in a traditional Segatsu-san in a sky blue kimano. He does not give gifts, but only wishes everyone a Happy New Year. Gifts are given to children by their parents. Segatsu-san is called “Mr. New Year.

For the Japanese Santa Claus, small gates are built in front of the houses from bamboo sticks with pine branches. And richer people install dwarf trees of pine, plum or peach blossom - symbols of longevity, love of life and fidelity.

Children meet the New Year in new clothes, so that they can be healthy and successful next year. They play hanetsuki, participate in New Year's performances, build houses and figurines out of snow (weather permitting), fly kites, and put pictures of sailboats under their pillows at night for the seven wizards to visit. seven patrons of happiness.Segatsu-san, after

time in every possible way oppresses the young Santa Claus - Oji-san, and although it appeared in Japan quite recently, it has more and more fans. Oji-san brings gifts by sea and gives them to children. Dressed in a traditional red sheepskin coat. The New Year is traditionally announced by 108 bell strikes, each ringing kills one human vice. There are only six of them: greed, anger, stupidity, frivolity, indecision, envy. There are only 6 of them, but each has 18 shades. Therefore, it turns out 108 strokes.

The most popular gift in Japan is a bamboo rake (Kumade), which would be something to rake in happiness.

Do you know that even relatively recently - 200 years ago, our Santa Claus had nothing in common with a kind-hearted grandfather. And he was a mischievous little old man who liked to freeze everything. And the Russian Santa Claus kindled only at the end of the 19th century. Then he began to come to Christmas trees and bring gifts.

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We all know and love the New Year holiday. Since childhood, we loved to decorate the Christmas tree and wait for that very day, or rather that magical night when no one sleeps. You can eat tons of tangerines, look for New Year's gifts and sweets under the tree. Well, okay, something I hit in the memories. Here I would like to discuss the main New Year's character. Of course it is. A tall old man with a long white beard, in a red coat, with a staff and a bag of gifts. But Santa Claus alone would not have coped. Therefore, each country has its own. Let's see how Santa Claus is called in different countries of the world.

Russia - Father Frost. As already mentioned above - This is a tall elder with a long white beard, in a red coat, with a staff and a bag of gifts. But earlier, the ancient Slavs represented him as a short, round-shouldered old man with a long gray beard. He walks through forests and fields, thumps with his staff and freezes ponds with ice. He does not like those who complain about the fierce winter, and those who rejoice, on the contrary, give vigor and a healthy hot blush. The image of our grandfather Morosh, which has survived to this day, was created by Soviet filmmakers in the mid-30s of the XX century.

Germany -Santa Nikolaus and Weinakhtsman.Santa Nikolaus does not come around Christmas, but on December 6, on the day of St. Nicholas, and together with his servant Ruprecht gives gifts to good children, and to those who are guilty - rods. But on Christmas, Weinakhtsman comes to the children, very similar to our Santa Claus. Before going to bed, the children leave a plate for gifts, and put hay in their shoes for his donkey. Most often it is customary to celebrate this holiday in the family circle.

France - Per Noel. Literally, Per Noel is translated as the father of Christmas. He comes along with old grandfather Shaland. Per Noel gives gifts to good children, and Schaland uses rods for naughty children. To appease Shaland, the children must sing a song in honor of his arrival. In France, Christmas is not a very family holiday, and most people celebrate it with friends in clubs, restaurants, loud music, champagne, etc.

UK - Father Christmas. Before gathering at the festive table, the whole family attends church. Children here order gifts for their father for Christmas. It is necessary to make a wish list and burn it in the fireplace, and the smoke from the chimney will carry the letter to the addressee. And on the second day after Christmas, St. Stephen's Day is celebrated. Donation boxes are opened and distributed to those in need.

USA - Santa Claus. Well, I think that this character is familiar to everyone from American films. Saint Nicholas of Merlik was taken as the basis of Santa Claus. At Christmas, it is customary for them to decorate a Christmas tree. serve turkey and drink egg-and-wine cocktails called egg-nog. It is customary for Santa Claus to leave a glass of milk and cookies for him to have a bite to eat. If the child behaved badly, then instead of a gift he received a piece of coal. The image of Santa Claus, as it has survived to this day, was formed in 1931 thanks to the artist Handom Simblom.

Finland - Joulupukki. It is generally accepted that Finland (Lapland) is just the homeland of any New Year's wizard grandfather. But this name is translated as the Christmas goat, because the inhabitants who handed out gifts wore goat coats. He lives in the Korvatunturi fells, in the Kaikuluolat caves. He has a very good ear, so he clearly knows who behaved how and to whom what to give. For obedient children, he brings gifts in his cap, and for bad children, rods. Well, now, of course, it is not customary to beat children with rods, so this tradition has died.

Sweden - Yul Tomten. This is such a Christmas gnome that lives underground in every house (a brownie in other words). A lot of fairy-tale characters help him: Dusty the Snowman, an elf, the Snow Queen, a prince and a princess, and even witches.

Italy - Babbo Natale and fairy Befana. Very reminiscent of Santa Claus from the USA. Penetrates into the house through the chimney. As in the United States, it is customary to leave milk and sweets for him to refresh himself. Fairy Befana was no less awaited by the children. She brought sweets and pears to good children, and left an extinct coal for the bad ones. She also sneaks in through the chimney and puts gifts in stockings hung over the hearth.

China - Shan Dan Laozhen, Dong Che Lao Ren or Sho Hin. On New Year's Eve, it is customary to decorate "Trees of Light". They are decorated with flowers, lanterns and garlands. Little Chinese hang stockings on the wall, where Dong Che Lao Ren (Grandfather Christmas) puts Christmas presents.

Japan - Oji-san, Segatsu-san or Hoteisho. Hoteysho- this is God with eyes on the back of his head, who sees everything. The main symbol of the New Year. All people worship him and ask for happiness and good luck in the New Year. But recently, two more characters Oji-san (Mr. New Year) and Segatsu-san (analogous to Santa Claus) began to fight for the symbol of the New Year and Christmas. Segatsu-san wears a blue kimono. He goes around all the houses before Christmas and congratulates on the New Year holidays, but does not give gifts. Oji-san looks like Santa Claus and unlike Segatsu-san gives gifts to kids, probably because of this he became more loved.

Uzbekistan - Kerbobo. Kerbobo is dressed in a striped robe and a red skullcap. He arrives on a donkey with his granddaughter Korgyz. He gives gifts only to those children who behaved well and honored their elders.

Czech Republic and Slovakia - grandfather Mikulash and Ezhishek. Grandfather Mikulash, like the German Saint Nikolaus, comes on December 6 and looks like our Santa Claus. Only gifts he brings in a box. He walks with an angel and a devil. He gives good children gifts and sweets, and gives bad children potatoes or a standard piece of coal. Hedgehog is another New Year's Czech grandfather and he is very secretive, so very little is known about his appearance. He just throws gifts and hides.

Mongolia - Uvlin Uvgun . Here they have a whole New Year's family headed by Uvlin Uvgun. He is assisted by Zazan Ohin (snow girl) and Sheena Zhila (New Year boy). In addition to the New Year, it is customary to celebrate the day of the cattle breeder on this day. Therefore, the Mongols celebrate the New Year in traditional cattle-breeding clothes.

Turkey -Saint Nicholas, Noel Baba, Bishop of Merliky. In general, St. Nicholas is one of the prototypes of all Father Frosts. Protector of children. Lived in 300 AD. According to legend, Nicholas of Merlikiy was walking through the village past the poor man's house. And there the father was going to send his daughters to work as prostitutes. Nikolai did not like this, and at night he threw three purses of gold into the house through the chimney. They landed in girls' shoes, which were drying by the fireplace. The happy father bought a dowry for his daughters and married them off.

Greece -Agios Vasilis (St. Basil). May be dressed in clothes of different colors, reminiscent of the robes of a priest and a tiara like a priest. He does not walk around with a thick bag of gifts, but gives small gifts and the word of Christ.

Below is a list of how other Santa Clauses are called in different countries.

Australia - Santa Claus
Austria - Sylvester
Belgium - Pere Noel, Saint Nicholas
Brazil - Popeye Noel
Hungary - Mikulas
Holland (Netherlands) – Sunderklass, Saite Kaas, Sinter Klaas
Spain - Papa Noel
Italy - Babbo Natale
Kazakhstan - Ayaz-ata, Kolotun Agha
Kalmykia - Zul
Cambodia - Ded Zhar
Karelia — Pakkainen (Morozets)
Columbia - Pascual
Norway - Julenissen, Nisse, Julebukk
Poland - Saint Nicholas
Romania - Mosh Jerile
Tajikistan - Ojuz
Chile - Viejo Pasquero
So, the holiday seems to be one (well, two), and what are the different traditions, although there are many similar notes. Well, okay, we have our own Santa Claus. Now a small lyrical digression. It becomes a little insulting that in our country the image of Santa Claus is becoming more revered. Santa Claus is not a plump, short bespectacled man, but a tall old man without glasses. And he has a hat without a pompom. And the anthem of the New Year is considered to be “A Christmas tree was born in the forest”, and not “Jingle bells”. Well, this is the cry of the soul. Although before the New Year is still sailing and swimming).

Conversations for children on New Year and Christmas themes.

Author: Kopylova Natalya Nikolaevna, teacher-psychologist, MKOU orphanage "Swallow's Nest", pos. Novovostochny
Description: illustrated and described different Santas from some countries; This material will be useful to teachers, educators, parents, children.
Target: introduce children and adults to the names of "Santa Claus" in different countries.
Tasks:
tell and illustrate different Santa Clauses from some countries;
develop memory, thinking, imagination, speech;
instill a sense of love, interest in the New Year holiday.

The story of the holiday "New Year": Santa Clauses from different countries.

Santa Claus appeared a long time ago. This is the magician who comes to wish everyone a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year. And, of course, not empty-handed. Definitely with gifts. Each country has a different name for it.
Dwarfs are considered to be the ancestors of Santa Claus in some countries, wandering sellers of children's toys in others, and medieval wandering jugglers in others. But basically, many countries consider St. Nicholas the ancestor of Santa Claus. This is a real person who lived many, many centuries ago.
They all bring gifts, enter the house to give them, but each does it differently. They all have their own interesting outfit.
Let's get acquainted with the foreign colleagues of our Santa Claus.
We have in Russia that's what his name is - Father Frost. He has a staff in his hands and a white beard on his face. Comes to visit with gifts, puts them under the New Year tree. But he comes not alone, but with his granddaughter-assistant Snegurochka.

German a colleague is called Weinakhtsman or Christmas Grandfather.

This is a very friendly and mischievous old man with a long white beard. He is wearing a red coat with white fur and a large bag of gifts. He gives gifts to “good” children, and punishes “bad” ones.
The children also prepare for his arrival: they put a large plate for gifts on the table and stuff hay into their shoes, this is for the donkey.
Finnish friend's name Joulupkki.
He lives on Mount Korvantuntura, his wife's name is Muori.

AT Czech Republic, Slovakia the humblest grandfather. And all because no one has ever seen him. His name is hedgehog. His arrival is signaled by the sound of a bell.
Overseas Deputy of Japan- this is Segatsu-san.

But he is gradually beginning to be replaced by a new Santa Claus - Oji-san.

Children prefer it more, perhaps because of the traditional red sheepskin coat. And Segatsu-san is dressed in a blue kimono, and for a whole week, which the Japanese call "golden." But he does not give gifts, his parents do it for him.
American the assistant's name is Santa Claus.

His clothes are a red fur coat, trousers, a cap on his head, also red, and more glasses. He has his own reindeer team, on which he delivers gifts.
AT Norway the role of Santa Claus is played by little brownies-dwarfs Nisse.

To receive gifts, children have to set a large table for them, as they are very fond of sweets. They also wear knitted caps.
Greek assistant called Saint Basil.

He doesn't look like a chubby, rosy-cheeked old man at all.
Saint Basil wanted to feed the whole world. he did not carry a bag of gifts with him, he was famous mainly for good deeds.
AT Hungary – Nikalaush.

He does not walk alone, he is accompanied by an Angel and a Devil.

Before giving a gift, Nikalaush determines with the help of his assistants how the child behaved. Good kids get candy, bad kids get coals.
Colombian friend's name Papa Pasquale.

He is a very perky, noisy grandfather. His coming is not to be missed. Every step he takes is accompanied by fireworks.
AT Muslim countries brings gifts old man Khyzyr Ilyas, it comes in early May.

He wears a red cap, a green scarf and a robe with embroidered flowers.
AT Uzbekistan New Year's grandfather's name Kerbobo.

His attire is a red skullcap and a striped robe. He rides out on a donkey with bags of New Year's gifts and gives them away.
Romanian Comrade looks like our Santa Claus. His name is Mosh Jerile.

AT India the functions of Santa Claus are performed by the goddess Lakshmi.

AT Africa there is also Santa Claus, despite the fact that this country is very hot. That's what they call him - Father Heat.

The people believe and believe that they live on the top of Mount Kilimanjaro, since only there is snow.
AT Yakutia very unique Santa Claus. name is Hey Dyl.

He is accompanied by his Ox - Ox of Frost or Ox of Winter. He has a horn that is starting to grow. The higher the horns, the stronger the frost.
Little Deputy from Sweden name is Yul Tomten.

His name translates as "Christmas gnome". He lives with his assistant in a magical forest. The helper's name is Dusty the snowman.

Mongolian Santa's competitor Uvlin Uvgun.

He has a very original outfit. His assistant's name is Zazan Ohin, translates as "Snow Girl".

AT Holland – Sinter Klaas.

He sails on his magical ship.
French companion of Santa Claus - Per Noel.

He descends into the houses through the chimney and leaves the children gifts in New Year's shoes.
AT Belgium this is St Nicholas.
In Belgium, it is believed that those who shelter St. Nicholas will get a golden apple. He is accompanied by an assistant - Black Peter.

All Santa Clauses give gifts. Some are kind, others can be mischievous. But, nevertheless, they are there to congratulate and bring even a small, but a piece of happiness, a little joy to every home.

Our favorite fairy-tale character Santa Claus has been familiar to everyone since childhood. It is he who brings gifts and leaves them on New Year's Eve under the tree.

Everyone knows that our Grandfather is not alone, he has colleagues abroad. For example, Santa Claus. Santa is the most famous colleague of our Morozko. We can say that this is the western Santa Claus.

Perhaps someone else knows about, but what about the rest? Our Slavic Grandfather has many colleagues abroad. Moreover, almost every country has its own Santa Claus and all of them are also very loved by children, just like we are ours.

What is Santa Claus called in different countries of the world? Now we will answer this question and try to get to know each of them a little.

Well, let's get started, our New Year's wizard "according to his passport" is also called Moroz Ivanovich or affectionately Morozko. Now let's start to figure out what is the name of Santa Claus in different countries of the world.

We give you a list of countries and the names of Santa Claus in each of them. The spelling of the names is given (almost everywhere) in Latin letters, and then in brackets is its approximate pronunciation in Russian.

Azerbaijan- ?axta Baba (Baba Mine)

Albania-Babadimri (Babadimri)

Armenia-Dzmer Papi (Dzmer papi)

Afghanistan- Baba Chaghaloo (Baba Chaghalu)

Belarus- Zyuzya or Dzed Maroz (we think everything is clear here)

Bulgaria- Dyado Koleda or Dyado Mraz (it is clear that Mraz is frost, and nothing else)

Brazil- Papai Noel (Papa Noel)

In the picture you can see one of the European colleagues of Santa Claus - Per Noel .

Great Britain is a naturally English-speaking country, but it’s not Santa that is popular here - there is a “British Frosty” here.

Great Britain- Father Christmas (Fase Christmas, Dad Christmas)

Hungary- Mikul?s (Mikulas) or T?lap? (Telapo)

Vietnam-?nggi? N?-en (Ong gia Noen)

Germany- Weihnachtsmann (Weinakhtsmann) or Nikolaus (Nicholas)

Greece- Agios Vasilis (Saint Basil)

Georgia- Tovlis papa (Tovlis Papa) or Tovlis babua (Tovlis babua)

Denmark- Julemanden (Yulemanden), Julenisse

Egypt- Papa No?l (Papa Noel)

Israel- Baba Noel or just Santa Claus

India- there is no direct analogue of our Santa Claus, Goddess Lakshmi gives gifts to children

Indonesia- Sinterklas (Sinterklas)

Iraq/South Africa- Goosaleh (Gusaleh)

Even in Africa they celebrate and love the New Year very much. And then there is his "African Santa Claus."

Iran- Baba Noel (Baba Noel)

Ireland- Daid? na Nollaig (Dadi na Noleig)

Spain/Latin America- Papa Noel (Papa Noel)

Italy- Babbo Natale (Babo Natale, or vice versa Natale Babo)

In Italy, the good sorceress Bafana also comes to children on New Year's Eve. She gives gifts to the kids.

Kazakhstan- Ayaz Ata

Catalonia- Pare Nadal (Per Nadel)

China- Shen Dan Laozhen

Latvia-Salavecis (Salavecis)

Lithuania- Kal?d? senelis (Kaledu senelis)

Mongolia- Uvlin Uvgun.

Netherlands (Holland)- Sinterklaas (Sinterklaas) or Kerstman (Kerstman)

Norway- Yulebukk or Yulenisse

Poland- ?wi?ty Miko?aj (Saint Nicholas) or Dziadek Mr?z (of course, Grandfather Frost)

Portugal- Pai Natal (Drink Natal)

Romania/Moldova- Mo? Cr?ciun (Mosh Krechun)

Serbia/Montenegro/Bosnia and Herzegovina- Deda Mraz (Santa Claus)

USA/Canada- Santa Claus (Santa Claus)

- the most famous colleague of Santa Claus, moves on a sleigh pulled by deer and sneaks into houses through the chimney to leave gifts under the New Year tree.

Tajikistan- Barfi bobs

Taiwan- S?ng-t?n L?-j?n (Sheng-tan Lo-jin)

Turkey- Noel Baba (Noel Baba)

Uzbekistan- Qor bobo (Korbobo) or Ayoz bobo (Ayoz bobo)

Ukraine- St. Nicholas and Did Moroz (here we think everything is clear)

Finland- Joulupukki (Joulupukki)

France/Canada- Le P?re No?l (Per Noel)

Czech Republic/Slovakia- Je???ek

Santas from different countries

Now, if there are a lot of “New Years” for the year in different countries, then what can we say about Santa Clauses! This popular Grandfather does not wander around his native forests and villages, but on New Year's Eve he also manages to please with his presence everyone who expects him and sincerely believes that Santa Claus will certainly come! So what are they "overseas Santa Claus" and where do they live?

Russia- Father Frost.

This is a tall man with a long white beard, in a red coat, with a staff and a bag of gifts. But earlier, the ancient Slavs represented him as a short, round-shouldered old man with a long gray beard. He walks through forests and fields, thumps with his staff and freezes ponds with ice. He does not like those who complain about the fierce winter, and those who rejoice, on the contrary, give vigor and a healthy hot blush. The image of our grandfather Morosh, which has survived to this day, was created by Soviet filmmakers in the mid-30s of the XX century.

Meet the brother of Santa Claus from Tatarstan -

Kysh Babai

Kindgrandfather Kysh Babai , with whom his snowy granddaughter, Kar Kyzy, always comes, congratulates the kids on the New Year in Tatarstan. This winter wizard's suit is blue. Kysh Babai has a white beard, sly eyes and a very kind smile.New Year's events with the participation of Kysh Babai in Tatarstan are accompanied by the presence of characters from Tatar folk tales - Shurale, Batyr, Shaitan. Kysh Babai, like our Santa Claus, gives gifts to children - he always has a full bag of them.

America – Santa Claus . Gray hair, neat beard trimmed short and mustache. Red short fur coat, pants and hat-cap. A dark leather belt with a buckle wraps around a thick belly. Thin white gloves. Often wears glasses. He smokes a pipe (although lately he has been trying not to “press” this element of the image), travels through the air on deer, enters the house through the chimney and tosses gifts into shoes and stockings left near the fireplace. The children leave milk and chocolate chip cookies for him.

Santa is a middle-aged man, overweight, cheerful and cheerful. Usually one appears, but dwarves and elves may accompany. The name "Santa Claus" first appeared in the press in 1773.

In Australia -Santa Claus, since the climate does not allow wearing a fur coat, here Santa appears in a red bathing suit-overalls, but always in a hat with fur.

Brother of Santa Claus

Sinterklaas from Holland

This winter wizard is a lover of navigation, because every year on New Year's Eve and Christmas he sails to Holland on a beautiful ship.

He is accompanied by many black servants who help in his travels, as well as in preparations for the festive New Year celebrations.

Brother of Santa Claus in Italy - Babbe Natale

The Italian winter wizard comes to every home. He does not need doors - he uses a chimney to go down from the roof into the room. In order for Babbe Natale to eat a little on the road, children always leave a cup of milk by the fireplace or stove.

Gifts for the children of Italy are given by the good fairy La Befana, and mischievous people receive ember from the fabulous evil sorceress Befana.

In her appearance, she resembles Baba Yaga from Russian fairy tales, but unlike Baba Yaga, Befana is terrible in her face, but kind inside. She flies on New Year's Eve through the chimney to each child's house and leaves gifts for good children, however, some people find coals instead of sweets. These are also sweets, only black, with bitterness. So Befana hints to girls and boys: remember, did you behave well last year, did you upset your parents?

Joulupukki in Finland - the brother of our Santa Claus, who lives in the mountains

The name of this winter wizard is translatedlike "Christmas grandfather". Joulupukki's house stands on a high mountain; his wife, kind Muori, also lives in it. A family of industrious gnomes help with the household chores of Joulupukki.

Joulupukki himself wears a goatskin jacket, a wide leather belt, and a red cap.

In Greece and Cyprus- Santa's name isVasily.Children sing a song: “Saint Basil, where are you, come, Saint Basil, give happiness, fulfill all my desires.” Here the prototype of the Nativity saint is Basil the Great of Caesarea, a younger contemporary of Nicholas. Saint Basil turned out to be Christmas because his memory is celebrated by the Greek church on the first of January. In the guise of a modern Greek St. Basil has many traits from his western counterpart. He is portrayed as an old man with a white beard,who travels around the house and gives gifts to children.

Yakut Ehee Dyl - northern brother of Santa Claus

Ehee Dyyl has a wonderful and strong assistant - a huge bull. Every autumn this bull comes out of the ocean and tries to grow big horns. The longer the horn of this bull grows, the stronger the frost will be in Yakutia.

Yakut brother of Santa Claus - powerful Chyskhaan

The winter wizard from Yakutia has a peculiar costume - he wears a hat with bull horns, and the clothes simply amaze with the luxurious decoration. The image of Chyskhaan - the Yakut Bull of Winter - combined two prototypes - a bull and a mammoth, symbolizing strength, wisdom and power.

According to the legend of the Yakut people, in autumn Chyskhaan comes out of the ocean onto land, bringing cold and frost with it. In the spring, Chyskhaan's horns fall off - the frosts weaken, then the head falls off - spring comes, and the ice carries the body into the ocean, where it is miraculously restored until the next autumn.

The Yakut Chyskhaan has his own residence in Oymyakon, where guests can come to him and receive cold and frost as a gift.

Pakkaine - Karelian brother of Santa Claus

This is the younger brother of Santa Claus, because Pakkaine is young and does not have a beard. He has a permanent place of residence not far from Petrozavodsk, in the chum.

Pakkaine Has dark hair, he dresses in white clothes, a light sheepskin coat, a red cape and blue mittens. Pakkaine gives gifts, sweets to the children of Karelia and scolds the most mischievous ones for disobedience.

Yamal Iri - Father Frost's brother from Yamal

This winter wizard has a constantregistration in Yamal, in the city of Salekhard. Although Yamal Iri came out of the ancient legends of the indigenous Northern peoples, today he lives a completely modern life, uses the Internet and telephone.

Beating his magic tambourine, Yamal Iri drives away evil forces. If you touch the magic staff of Yamal Iri, then all your wishes will come true. The clothes of Yamal Iri are the traditional attire of the northern peoples: malitsa, kitties and jewelry made of mammoth bones.

Per Noel - brother of Santa Claus from France

. Literally, Per Noel is translated as the father of Christmas. He comes along with old grandfather Shaland. Per Noel gives gifts to good children, and Schaland uses rods for naughty children. To appease Shaland, the children must sing a song in honor of his arrival. In France, Christmas is not a very family holiday, and most people celebrate it with friends in clubs, restaurants, loud music, champagne, etc.

St Nicholas from Belgium - the oldest winter brother of Santa Claus

Saint Nicholas is considered the very first, eldest Santa Claus. He is dressed in a snow-white episcopal robe and miter, this magician rides a horse. Saint Nicholas congratulates children in Belgium and gives gifts, he is accompanied everywhere by the Moor Black Peter, in whose hands are rods for mischievous people, and behind his back is a bag with gifts for obedient children.

Each family that shelters St. Nicholas at home will receive a gift from him

Golden Apple.

In Sweden and Denmarklike in France there are two Santa Clauses: a stooped grandfatherYultomten(Yolotomten, Yul Tomten) is a little old man who lives in the forest and rides in a cart pulled by foxes. Yulnissar, a dwarf with a beard, helps him. Both of them are kind and leave presents for the children on the windowsills for the New Year.

In India- the duties of Grandfather Mgoroz are performed by the goddessLakshmi(goddess of happiness and prosperity). She is described as a goddess of incredible beauty, standing on a lotus and holding a lotus in two hands.

In Germany – Weinachtsman, Kristkind, Niemand, Santa Nikolaus . SantaNikolaus – modern New Year's wizard. He comes with his assistantKnecht Ruprecht , which keeps a journal detailing the actions of children. In the 19th century. Ruprecht performed not only secretarial duties: he grabbed the most notorious naughty, put them in a bag or carried them into the forest into the huge pocket of his raincoat. The oldest New Year's character isNimand (Nobody). German children put the blame on him when they were naughty or broke something. On a festive night, he came on a donkey and brought sweets to obedient children. Children for these sweets put a plate on the table, and put hay in the shoes for his donkey. On the evening of December 24, when the Christmas trees are already lit, comes according to traditionWeinakhtsman (Christmas grandfather) andChristkind .

The Christmas grandfather is introduced as a friendly old man with a long white beard, a red hat and white fur, a bag of gifts and a cane. Sometimes he goes with himPolznickel . He is dressed up quite terribly, in contrast to the beautiful and meek Kristkind. He is wearing a topsy-turvy fur coat, intercepted by a chain, in one hand a rod for punishing the disobedient. Interestingly, unlike Weinakhtsman, they try not to let Poltsnikel into the house. He walks the streets, catches walkers, frightening with his chains and even forcing them to eat onions and garlic, which he specially carries with him.

AT Georgia– “Tovlis papa”, “Tovlis babua”

In Mongolia - Uvlin Uvgun, and is accompanied by Zazan Ohin (Snow Maiden) and Sheena Zhila (boy New Year). New Year in Mongolia coincides with the festival of cattle breeding, so Uvlin Uvgun wears the clothes of a cattle breeder: in a furry coat and a large fox hat. In his hands he has a long whip, a flint, a flint and a snuffbox. It depends on him whether there will be plenty of milk and meat for the New Year's table.

In Norway – Making gifts for childrenNisse (Yolinise) - cute little brownies.Nisse wear knitted caps. They also like tasty things (sweet oatmeal and a piece of butter). Even though the Nisse are caring protectors of the home, they are very vindictive - from damaging livestock to destroying an entire farm. And if you wish, you can become invisible. He loves attics and cupboards with dishes. Friendly with pets.

In Finland - Joulupukki. "Youlu" means Christmas, o "pukki" - a goat, that is, a Christmas goat. The fact is that many years ago, Santa Claus wore a goat skin, and delivered gifts on a goat. Gray hair, neat beard and mustache. Red jacket, pants and cap. Dark leather belt. Definitely goggles. He lives on Mount Korvantunturi (“mountain-ear”) either in a hut or in the mountain itself. along with his wife Muori (Maria) and the dwarves. In ancient times, he went home at Christmas (caroled), treated obedient children and punished the naughty (for which he carried rods with him). Subsequently, the educational moment was missed. The modern image and legend are largely taken from the American Santa Claus.

In Moldova - Mosh KrachunHe also has his own retinue - these are the famous Pekale and Tyndale, as well as other national characters. Mosh Krachun wears not a red fur coat, but a traditional caftan with a belt decorated with a national pattern, and a sheep's kushma on his head.

In Savoy - Saint Schaland.

In Ukraine – Father Frost (Did Frost). But it is St. Nicholas, and not Santa Claus, who brings gifts (mykolaichiki) to children on the night of December 18-19 and puts them under the pillow.

In Lithuania - Senialis Šaltis (Old Man Frost)

In Kazakhstan - Ayaz-ata literal translation sounds like Grandfather Frost.

In Cambodia (in Kampuchea) - Father Heat. And the New Year is celebrated there for three days: from April 13 to 15.

In Kalmykia - Zul.

In Karelia - Pakkaine, which in translation from Karelian means Frost. Pakkaine is young. His birthday is December 1st.

In Colombia, Pascual.

In Karelia - Pakkainen.

Uzbekistan – “Korbobo (To the delight of the children, on New Year's Eve, he enters the villages on horseback on a donkey, himself in a striped robe, in a patterned skullcap. And the Snow Maiden with himKorgyz also in a skullcap and she also has many, many braids, like any Uzbek girl.”

In Romania - most often you will meet the nameMosh Jarile, but it is not so. Now in Romania Santa Claus is calledMosh Krachun - Christmas in Romanian. According to a Romanian legend, the shepherd Crăciun sheltered the Virgin Mary. When she gave birth, he gave her and her Child cheese and milk. Since then, Saint Mosh Krachun has been giving gifts to children.

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