Moral patriotic education of children in the older group. Moral and patriotic education of senior preschool age (from work experience)
K.D. Ushinsky wrote: “Just as there is no man without self-love, so there is no man without love for the fatherland, and this love gives education the sure key to a person’s heart...”
That is why our interests turned to moral values, to the national culture of our people, to the Russian pedagogical heritage.
Explanatory note.
Patriotism - love for the Motherland, devotion to it, responsibility and pride for it, the desire to work for its benefit, to protect and increase its wealth - these feelings and character traits begin to form already in preschool age.
It is impossible to cultivate self-esteem, self-confidence, and, consequently, a full-fledged personality without respect for the history and culture of one’s Fatherland, for its state symbols. You cannot be a patriot without feeling a personal connection with your Motherland, without knowing how our ancestors, our grandfathers and fathers loved and took care of it.
There is no doubt that already in kindergarten, as a result of targeted educational, systematic work, elements of citizenship and patriotism can be formed in children.
We invite you to get acquainted with the experience of such work in kindergarten.
I consider one of the tasks, along with preserving and strengthening the health of children, to be the education of the moral qualities of a little person.
Patriotic education is an integral part of moral education. A true patriot must be healthy both physically and morally. That is why the education of a healthy lifestyle is closely connected with patriotic education and the education of an active civic position.
It is no coincidence that popular wisdom says: “A healthy mind in a healthy body.”
In the process of developing a sense of patriotism in preschool age, it is important to give children basic knowledge about the Motherland, ideas about our country, people, customs, history, and culture. But at the same time, in my opinion, it is necessary to understand that the origins of patriotism arise in the human heart. That is why the period of preschool childhood, due to the immediate mental and emotional reactions inherent in it, due to the still unlost openness of the soul, is most important for the formation of feelings of patriotism.
The child begins to get to know his homeland - through his family, his closest circle. What should be kept in mind when developing the first sense of citizenship in a preschool child? What tasks do teachers and parents face in this direction?
In my work I paid attention to the following issues:
- History of the city, village (targeted walks, excursions, general lessons with showing photographs, stories on the history of the city, village).
- Everyday work of our fellow countrymen (excursions, conversations, classes).
- Nature and fauna of our region (introduction to the “Red Book”).
- “No one is forgotten, nothing is forgotten” (excursion to the obelisk).
Moral and patriotic education program (preparatory group).
Target:
- Organization of an effective system of work to develop a sense of patriotism and active citizenship in children of senior preschool age.
- Development of the foundations of the beginning of moral and patriotic education through communication with the history of the native land, familiarization with the past and present.
Tasks:
- Expand and deepen knowledge about your native land, its history, and attractions.
- To develop moral and patriotic qualities, pride, humanism, the desire to preserve and increase the wealth of the native land, to cultivate respect for the work of people, creating a beautiful city or village.
- To cultivate love for the Motherland, native land, nature through direct communication with it, perception of its beauty and diversity.
- Involve parents in the educational process to work together to study their native land, orient parents towards the patriotic upbringing of children by touching on the history of their family.
Thematic planning of moral and patriotic education (preparatory group).
Block 1. Topic: “My family”
Goals. Strengthening the connection between generations in the family, instilling respect for representatives of the older generation.
Tasks:
- Develop interest in your loved ones and friends.
- To form educational interest in representatives of the older generation.
- Cultivate respect and veneration for older people.
A child’s sense of homeland begins with his relationship to his family, to the closest people - mom, dad, grandmother, grandfather. These roots connect him with his home and immediate environment.
The feeling of the Motherland is associated with admiration for what the baby sees in front of him, what he is amazed at and what evokes a response in his soul. And although many impressions are not yet deeply understood by him, they play a huge role in the development of the child’s personality. Family study of their ancestry will help children begin to understand important points:
- Everyone's roots are in the history and traditions of the family.
- The family is the unit of society, the keeper of national traditions.
- The happiness of the family is the happiness and well-being of the people.
It is necessary to help children understand their status in the family and appreciate the importance of family in their lives.
It is pleasant to think that the education of love for the Fatherland is built in such a logic “from near to far”: from love for home, kindergarten, street, city, village, to love for one’s native country. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate love and respect for one’s home from preschool childhood.
Everyone understands this, but not everyone knows how to do it.
I try to come to the aid of parents, to involve them in joint activities, the results of which please the children and make them feel proud.
It’s nice to hear from a child’s mouth: “My mom and dad made this!”, “We made this together!”
While trying to educate children to love their relatives and family, I decided to involve parents in drawing up a genealogy, in which they spoke in detail about family traditions.
We created an exhibition of the family tree. Each parent approached this issue in a special way.
The children looked at the exhibition for a long time and proudly talked about their family.
The parents showed considerable imagination when designing the family coat of arms.
Not one coat of arms was like the other, each reflected the characteristics of its family.
Each family chose its own motto: “My home is my fortress”, “Always together - always close”, “My family is my wealth”.
The conclusion I came to is: it is important that in his own home a child grows up not as a guest, but as a master, so that he has some responsibilities - this helps strengthen the sense of family.
Block 2. Topic: “I love my kindergarten”
Target. Acquaintance with the work activities of kindergarten employees, with the variety of professional skills that they possess.
Tasks:
- Develop curiosity and dialogue skills.
- Develop moral qualities towards others.
All adults work. To prevent children from staying at home, they are brought to kindergarten, where there are many different people: children and adults.
They all feel good when they take care of each other, greet each other warmly, say goodbye, and thank them for the service rendered.
In kindergarten there are kind, smart, caring people - teachers. They know a lot of interesting things, they can teach them how to sculpt and draw, they read books to children and play with them.
There is a nanny - she cleans the house and feeds the children.
There is a cook - he prepares delicious food for the children and makes sure that they grow up faster.
Children go to kindergarten not only because they can’t stay at home, but also because they have a lot of interesting activities here, and they can learn a lot here.
Block 3. Topic: “I live in the village of New Karakan”
Target. Consolidating and expanding knowledge about your native village.
Tasks: introduce the history of the village, the history of the emergence of enterprises, their influence on the environmental development of the region.
To prepare a child for an independent life, to teach him to be honest, fair and successful in all matters, it is necessary to help him to love his homeland from early childhood.
In this regard, it is of great importance to familiarize preschoolers with the historical, national, cultural, geographical, natural - ecological uniqueness of their native village, because love for our fatherland begins with love for one’s city, town, region.
The most effective way to form preschoolers’ patriotic feelings for their home village is to play games such as “Village Experts”, “Let’s Walk the Streets of the Village”, “KVN” - my favorite village.
Cultivating love for the surrounding nature, native land, city, town is an integral part of cultivating deep patriotic feelings.
Having set this task for myself, I decided to choose more effective forms to solve it: conversations, excursions, games.
Conversations give children the opportunity to learn to express their feelings and experiences, and excursions allow them to perceive the surrounding objects, broaden their horizons, clarify their ideas about the life around them, and also help them see the beauty of their native land concretely and figuratively.
I began my work on instilling love for my native village with conversations during which I revealed the children’s existing knowledge about their native village.
It turned out that their knowledge was still small: the children only had ideas about the street on which they lived and about their kindergarten, and even then they were not very clear.
During thematic conversations using photographs and illustrations, I encouraged the children to draw conclusions and evaluate what they heard and saw.
In my conversations with children, I said that our village of New Karakan was formed from the Turkic “kara” - black and the common Siberian ancient geographical term “kann” - mountain, therefore “black mountain”.
On excursions, I introduced the children to the street of our village, in what year the construction began, what educational and cultural institutions are located in our village, the village of New Karakan - a village of coal miners.
Our village is inhabited by people of various professions. I introduced my students to the work of a miner.
I held conversations, asked riddles about the miner’s tools, made a model of a mine and a village together with the children, and organized a photo exhibition.
I gave the children the task of finding out where their mothers and fathers work, and asked the parents to talk more about their work in a conversation with their children.
At one of the classes, I invited the children to write a story about a beautiful and favorite corner of our village.
The children illustrated their stories.
Our students also performed collective work on the topics: “The street of our village”, “The work of a coal mine”.
Joint activities have become the basis for the further formation of moral and patriotic feelings in children.
Children began to monitor the cleanliness of the playground, are happy to remove garbage, and plant flowers. This is how they developed a new attitude towards their surroundings: what you love must be protected.
As a result of the work done, our students’ knowledge about the village became deeper and broader, their stories became meaningful, imaginative, and emotional.
These stories clearly expressed the children’s attitude towards their home village; they were already sharply different from the previous ones. The wealth of children's impressions was reflected in their play activities. As planned, the children’s drawings included themes related to our village: “Our Street,” “My Kindergarten,” “My Yard.”
The group set up a local history corner (mini-center). Books in the corner:
- N.F. Vinogradov “My Russia”;
- A. Kupriyanov “Nature of Kuzbass”;
- Animals of Siberia;
- History of Kuzbass;
- G.A.Fedor Belov “Belovo”.
Block 4. Topic: “Kuzbass, city of Belovo”
Target. Consolidating and expanding knowledge about your hometown.
Tasks:
- To introduce the history of the city, its coat of arms, the city is the result of the work of people of different generations.
- Introduce the city's enterprises and the history of their origin.
Block topics.
1. My hometown.
The location of the city, its economic significance. History of the city. People inhabiting the city. City coat of arms. The city where a person was born is called his hometown. Everyone loves their hometown, misses it when they leave, and does a lot to make it better. Each city, like a person, has a name and a birthday.
2. City transport.
Types of transport. History of the creation of urban transport.
3. The nature of your hometown, region.
Flora and fauna. Conversations about nature conservation. Red Book.
Children reflected their impressions of their native land in drawings and joint work with parents and teachers: exhibitions of drawings, models made from various waste materials, and at a family coat of arms competition.
Of course, the impressions and emotions received during various events introduced children to the history of their hometown, region and their people, and instilled a love for their Fatherland.
Thus, in kindergarten, optimal conditions have been created for the formation of the foundations of citizenship in children, the education of patriotism, as well as the formation of interest in their small homeland.
Block 5. Topic: “Our state is the Russian Federation”
Target. Instilling a sense of pride, deep respect and veneration for the symbols of the Russian Federation - the coat of arms, anthem, flag.
Tasks:
- To develop children's ideas about the state symbols of the Russian state, their historical origin.
- Summarize children's knowledge about the National Flag.
- To cultivate respect for the power of the Russian state, love for the Motherland, and a sense of pride in one’s country.
Children learned the history of the origin of the state emblem of the Russian Federation, which is a quadrangular red heraldic shield with pointed lower corners, pointed at the tip, with a golden double-headed eagle, raising its spreading wings. The eagle is crowned with two small crowns and above them - one large crown, connected by a ribbon, in the right paw of the eagle there is a scepter, in the left - an orb. On the eagle’s chest, in a red shield, is a silver rider in a blue cloak on a silver horse, striking with a silver spear a black dragon, overturned on its back and trampled by its horse.
During the music lesson, the national anthem of the Russian Federation was listened to. The anthem is an officially adopted solemn song in honor of the state.
The state flag is one of the most important attributes of the state, a symbol of state and national sovereignty, a distinctive sign of the state; It is a rectangular panel of three equal horizontal stripes: the top is white, the middle is blue, and the bottom is red.
Conversations on the following topics helped to consolidate children's correct understanding of symbolism:
- “What does our coat of arms tell us about”;
- "The colors of our flag";
- “How they listen and sing the anthem.”
Block 6. Topic: “Day of Defenders of the Fatherland”
Target. The image of the defender of the Motherland through the images of real-life personalities, epic, fairy-tale heroes.
Tasks:
- Introduce children to the concept of “Defenders of the Fatherland” and to the peculiarities of the service of soldiers of different troops.
- To summarize: our army is a liberator army, peace-loving and humane.
Together with the children, a model “Our Army is Strong” was made. An exhibition of drawings was organized on the theme “There are many professions in the army.”
A sports festival was held together with the parents.
Block 7. Topic: “My beloved mommy”
Target. Expanding children's knowledge about professions. Instilling love and respect for the older generation.
Tasks: cultivate a kind, attentive, respectful attitude towards elders, the desire to help them.
An exhibition of drawings “Portrait of my mother” was organized.
The “Handicraft” exhibition was organized jointly with parents.
Block 8. Topic: “Our cosmonauts”
Target. Introduction to the globe and physical map of the Earth. A story about the influence of the Sun and Moon on planet Earth.
Tasks:
- Generalize and expand interest in the internal structure of the Earth.
- Develop search and cognitive abilities, logical thinking.
Excursions to the planetarium. Children became interested in space, constellations, and planets. They confidently talked about the first cosmonaut, who was the first to fly into space, why an astronaut puts on a spacesuit, and what is missing in space.
An exhibition of drawings “Cosmos” was organized together with the children.
Block 9. Topic: “This Victory Day”
Target. Consolidating children's knowledge about how the Russian people defended their Motherland during the war years, how the living remember them.
Tasks:
- Summarize and expand children's knowledge about the history of the Great Patriotic War.
- Tell about the heroes of the war, about how the people honor their memory: poems and songs are composed in honor of the heroes, monuments are erected to them.
Block topics:
1. What is heroism?
Develop an idea of heroism. To instill in children an emotionally positive attitude towards soldiers.
2. In the Museum of Fame.
Bring children to understand that at all times the people defended their Motherland, that people remember the defenders of the Fatherland and erect monuments to them.
An excursion to the monument to fallen soldiers was organized.
Before going to the monument to fallen soldiers, my children and I looked at illustrations about the heroic exploits of our Soviet people during the Great Patriotic War.
After reading the stories, I talked with the children and found out what our students know about war heroes, who can be called a hero these days.
Conclusion. In my opinion, an important and necessary condition for success in teaching is love for your profession and children.
You need to love children for what they are; children will gratefully respond to love and faith in them.
In my opinion, the life of children in kindergarten should be organized in such a way that every day and hour reveals something new to them, develops their mind, forms the foundations of their personality, brings success, and then the work of the teacher will be successful and fruitful.
Diagnostics.
Based on the results of the diagnosis, the children mastered the knowledge acquired in classes and in everyday life in moral and patriotic education.
They show an active interest in the past and present of their people, their family, hometown, village. They know some information about history, sights, famous people.
They have an idea about the natural resources of the region.
Show interest in the country in which they live.
They express a positive attitude towards the world, towards their city, town, friendship, towards all living things.
They become attentive to the emotional state of others, show empathy, and actively express their readiness to help.
Exercise basic self-control.
Appendix 1 (Educational conversations.)
Appendix 2 (Classes.)
Appendix 3 (Work program “My native land.”)
Svetlana Kharlamova
Project “Moral and Patriotic Education of Preschool Children” in the senior group
Pedagogical project
« Moral and patriotic education
preschool children»
“Patriotism, combined with interest and love for all nations, is an indispensable condition for normal health of mind and heart. For it is natural for a person to love his land, his village and city, his country and its people, as well as his neighbors, other peoples and the entire globe - and our great Motherland."
D. S. Likhachev
Relevance:
The problem of patriotism education of the younger generation is one of the most relevant today. The state program “Patriotic upbringing citizens of the Russian Federation", aimed at all social strata and age groups of Russian citizens. In this regard, the work of researchers and preschool educational institutions, one after another, scientific and practical conferences began to be held on issues of patriotic raising children. Within the framework of the Federal State Educational Standard children of senior preschool age civil-patriotic direction upbringing falls into the educational field "Cognitive Development". Senior preschooler must be oriented on:
1. Patriotism - love for your people, for your small homeland, service to the Fatherland;
2. Social solidarity – personal and national freedom, trust in people, institutions of the state and civil society, justice, mercy, honor, dignity;
3. Citizenship – service to the Fatherland, rule of law, civil society, law and order, multicultural world, freedom of conscience and religion.
The task of teachers and parents is to awaken in a growing person a love for his native land as early as possible, to form a children character traits that will help him become a man and a citizen of society; bring up love and respect for one’s home, kindergarten, hometown and the nature of one’s native land; a sense of pride in the achievements of one’s country, love and respect for the army, pride in the courage of soldiers; develop interest in the phenomena of social life accessible to the child.
The urgency of the problem lies in the fact that modern children know little about their hometown, country, the peculiarities of folk traditions, and are often indifferent to close people, including fellow group, rarely sympathize with the grief of others. Working with parents on the problem is clearly insufficient moral and patriotic education in the family. In regulatory documents and programs preschool institutions reflect the need for active interaction with families, but the content and forms of work with families are not sufficiently developed in order to instilling feelings of patriotism. The contradictions that have arisen at the present time, in conditions of breakdown moral ideals of Russian society, acquire particular relevance in the formation of the foundations of patriotism among preschoolers.
Taking into account the fact that moral and patriotic education today is one of the most important links educational work in general, I was faced with the acute problem of creating such educational system, which would ensure movement from education simple feelings to achieve the highest goal - education patriotic feelings, love and pride for their Motherland.
Justification of the need project
Upbringing patriotic feelings preschool children - one of the tasks of moral education, which includes upbringing love for loved ones, for kindergarten, for one’s hometown and for one’s home country. Patriotic feelings are formed in the process of life and existence of a person located within a specific sociocultural environment. From the moment of birth, people instinctively, naturally and imperceptibly get used to their environment, the nature and culture of their country, to the way of life of their people.
It should be taken into account that preschooler perceives the reality surrounding him is emotional, therefore, patriotic feelings for his native city, for his native country are manifested in a feeling of admiration for his city, his country. Such feelings cannot arise after several classes. This is the result of long-term, systematic and targeted influence on the child. Parenting is carried out every second, in classes, events, holidays, in play and in everyday life. The work is structured in such a way that it passes through everyone’s heart kindergarten student. The love of a little child - preschooler to the Motherland begins with an attitude towards the closest people - father, mother, grandfather, grandmother, with love for his home, the street on which he lives, kindergarten, city.
For a kindergarten, pedagogical activities aimed at developing interest and love for the native land and the ability to reflect all this in productive activities, the formation of an aesthetic attitude to the surrounding reality, are of particular importance. Training in the basics of work and the formation of ideas about the social problems of the village, education of the child’s spiritual and moral feelings, upbringing respect and love for your home, acquaintances and friends.
Love for the Fatherland begins with love for the small Motherland. In this regard, it is of great importance to familiarize yourself preschoolers with historical, cultural, national, geographical, natural and ecological uniqueness of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra. Getting acquainted with his native land and its attractions, the child learns to recognize himself as living in a certain time period, in certain ethnocultural conditions and at the same time become familiar with the riches of national and world culture.
The main goal of kindergarten in patriotic education of preschool children laying the foundations moral individuals with an active life position and creative potential, capable of self-improvement and harmonious interaction with other people.
1.1 Purpose project:
Development of moral, spiritual- moral values of the individual, the formation of worthy future citizens of Russia, patriots of their Fatherland.
Tasks:
1. Organization educational space through the creation of the necessary scientific, methodological, material and technical conditions.
2. Upbringing a child has love and affection for his family, his home, the land where he was born, based on familiarization with his native nature, culture and traditions.
3. Formation of ideas about Russia as a native country and about Nefteyugansk as a native city.
4. Education of patriotism, respect for the cultural past of Russia by means of aesthetic education: music, visual activity, artistic expression.
5. Education is moral-patriotic feelings through studying the history and culture of one’s people, state symbols of Russia and the city.
The system-activity approach involves the inclusion of each child in various types of activities: educational, gaming, communicative, motor, creative and leisure according to goals and objectives educational system, based on interests and needs children. It is very important that this activity is not imposed on the child from above, but is motivated through active perception the child studied the phenomena and events and was comprehended by him.
To achieve the set objectives, the following five are required: conditions:
1. Subject development environment.
Difficulties in familiarization children with individual historical facts, life, traditions are caused by the fact that preschoolers characterized by visual-figurative thinking. This requires saturation of the environment pupil reality with objects and aids that allow him to more accurately imagine what the teacher is talking about.
2. Organization of educational activities.
Educational activities, according to goals and objectives, are represented by a cycle of educational activities, child-parent educational projects, artistic-aesthetic and physical education-health areas, united by common thematic blocks: “Our Motherland is Russia”, "Native Russian motives", “My favorite city is Nefteyugansk”, "Our Defenders", "My family". In addition to classes, it is necessary to conduct excursions to the sights of the small homeland and targeted walks.
3. Leisure activities.
A big role in the implementation of the tasks of patriotic education allocated to joint leisure activities teacher with children, because education of feelings is a process, which cannot be accommodated within the strict framework of the class schedule. This is daily, constant communication between an adult and a child, as a result and through which such a complex formation as a feeling of love for the Motherland is formed. In joint activities I use didactic and folk games, theatrical activities, conversations, exhibitions, and competitions. The greatest emotional response is children are inspired by holidays, matinees, and other public events. Traditions occupy a special place in leisure activities. They allow you to create periods of increased creative activity in kindergarten, set a clear rhythm, avoid spontaneity, and determine the degree educational influence.
4. Additional education.
Great help in education little patriots are provided with activities children in hobby groups and studios. Work in clubs involves consolidating the knowledge gained in class about culture and folk arts and crafts.
5. Interaction with society.
Only with the involvement of all participants in the educational process - teachers, parents, social institutions - can we talk about the successful implementation of the patriotic system education in preschool educational institutions, since the family hearth, the connection of kindred souls under one roof is the initial link of the process education.
Expected Result:
Formation senior preschoolers basics of patriotism, citizenship, responsibility for the fate of the Fatherland, readiness to defend.
Application of acquired knowledge about the native land in good deeds and actions for the benefit of the small homeland.
Unity children and parents, upbringing future citizens of their city and country.
Accumulating experience of life in one’s Fatherland, mastering the norms of behavior and relationships between people.
1.2 Stages of work:
Stages of work on project:
Stage 1 - design stage(2016):
Studying methodological literature, regulatory documents;
Drawing up an implementation plan project;
Selection of visual didactic, visual demonstration materials;
Selection of musical works for national holidays;
Development and preparation of presentations on the topic;
Drawing up a long-term plan for working with parents on;
Drawing up questionnaires for parents.
Stage 2 – practical (2016-2018 academic years):
Implementation of innovative project« Moral and patriotic education of preschool children»:
Expanding and strengthening ties with social partners (MBOU "SOKSH No. 4" the city of Nefteyugansk, implementation of plans for joint activities;
Questioning parents on topic: "Patriotic child education» ; -implementation of a long-term plan for working with parents on moral and patriotic education; -productive activities with children (applique, drawing, modeling, design); -carrying out a cycle of educational classes: “Russia is my Motherland!”, "Family values"; -carrying out joint events with social organizations partners: "Mothers Day", "Victory Day!"; -stand design “To the 50th anniversary of the city of Nefteyugansk”; -creation of a mini-museum "Our Army is dear"
Stage 3 - generalizing (2018):
Questioning parents and diagnosing the level of patriotism raising children. Analysis and summary of the work; -presentation project.
Construction Features project
2.1 Methodological framework
The methodological basis of the work system is based on the following key positions: concepts:
Concept preschool education(V.V. Davydov, V.A. Petrovsky, etc.) The developmental function of education comes to the fore, ensuring the development of the child’s personality and revealing his individual characteristics.
Pedagogical concept of holistic development of the child - preschooler as a subject of children's activities (M.V. Krulekht)– The holistic development of a child is the unity of individual characteristics, personal qualities, the child’s mastery of the position of a subject in children’s activities and individuality.
The concept of spiritual- moral development and education identity of a Russian citizen (A. Ya. Danilyuk, A. M. Kondakov, V. A. Tishkov) Human education, the formation of the means of a spiritually developed personality, love for one’s country, the need to create and improve is the most important condition for the successful development of Russia.
2.2 Principles
1. The principle of personality-oriented communication – individual – personal formation and development of a person’s moral character. During the learning process, children act as active explorers of the world around them together with the teacher, rather than passively adopting his experience. Partnership, complicity and interaction are priority forms of communication between teachers and children;
2. The principle of thematic planning of material - involves the presentation of the studied material according to thematic blocks: native family, native nature, native culture, native city, native country;
3. The principle of clarity - a broad presentation of the relevant material being studied visibility: illustrations, photographs of landscapes, monuments, landmarks, etc.;
4. The principle of consistency - involves planning the material being studied sequentially (from simple to complex, so that children acquire knowledge gradually, in a certain system);
5. The principle of entertaining - the material being studied should be interesting and exciting for children, this principle forms the children desire to carry out the proposed types of tasks, strive to achieve results.
6. The scientific principle - upbringing and education reveals to children an objective scientific picture of the world, the patterns of development of nature, society, culture, and thinking.
7. The principle of cultural conformity - maximum use in education and the formation of the culture of the environment in which the kindergarten is located (cultures of the region)
2.3 Methods and techniques
Methods used in working with children:
Basic methods:
Visual;
Verbal;
Practical.
Auxiliary:
reproductive;
research;
Method of problematic presentation of material;
Consideration;
Observation;
Excursion;
Sample teacher;
Story;
Artistic word.
Working methods used in working with parents:
Parent meeting;
Watching video clips of activities with children, games, etc.;
- "Interactive platform", "Round table", "Mini Club", "Carrying out promotions";
Pedagogical conversations with parents;
Thematic consultations;
Visual information methods;
Information and analytical forms;
Leisure forms of organizing communication;
Information and educational form of work with parents.
2.4 Technologies
At design educational process for the formation of the beginnings of information competence through the implementation design activities are taken into account age, individual characteristics children. For this purpose, pedagogical technologies have been selected that make it possible to build the educational process taking into account all the requirements for organizing the process of child development in a child care environment. garden:
Technology design;
Personality-oriented;
Health-saving;
Gaming.
Today, in science and practice, the view of the child as "self-developing system", while the efforts of adults should be aimed at creating conditions for self-development children. A unique means of ensuring cooperation and co-creation children and adults, the way to implement a student-centered approach to education is technology design.
Information and communication technologies of education. Information technology, as a rule, refers to technologies that use technical means such as audio, video, computer, and the Internet.
I have created a series of presentations, which is based on the work of developing a sense of patriotism among preschoolers. Conversations were held “Mom is the most beautiful word on earth”, "Mother's day","My family". The children happily talked about their mothers, their professions, drew portraits of their mothers and made gifts for them. The completion of this work was the creation of a photo album "Family album groups» .
Personality-oriented technology. Personality-centered learning is designed to provide the necessary conditions for the development of individual abilities pupil. Interaction with children is built on a personality-oriented basis. Using a differentiated approach to each child, taking into account his capabilities, interests and abilities.
For teacher in teaching and educational In the process, it is important not only to give the child certain knowledge, but also to teach him self-education and the ability to use the information received in everyday life. In modern educational educational the subject is very important in the process - subject, partnerships, interaction teacher and pupil based on mutual respect and understanding.
Health-saving technology. The full physical development and health of a child is the basis for personality formation. The Constitution of the World Health Organization states that health is not only the absence of disease or infirmity, but also complete physical, mental and social well-being.
For raising a healthy child, considering age characteristics of pupils, conditions are created to reduce fatigue:
Providing a change in activity that has a beneficial effect on physical and emotional well-being preschoolers.
Joint activities with children and other forms of work are carried out in a comfortable, well-ventilated room with sufficient lighting. All technical means have high image quality and playing by ear.
Gaming technology. Game is the leading activity preschool children. The game allows you to create conditions for the implementation of three important criteria for the development of cognitive interest - "positive attitude towards the environment", “fascination with the process of cognition”, “responsibility towards the subject of one’s interest”.
Along with folklore games that promote the development of physical, mental, and intellectual capabilities children, a significant place is occupied by educational and developmental games:
– didactic game "Coat of arms of the city";
– didactic game "City Trip";
– didactic game "Continue the proverb".
Currently, one of the most pressing problems is education of patriotism. Preschool educational institutions, being the initial link of the education system, are called upon to form children the first idea of the world around us, the attitude towards our native nature, our small Motherland, our Fatherland. One of the main directions of implementation of the educational field "Social and communicative development" is patriotic education of preschool children.
Today, unfortunately, material values dominate over spiritual ones. Our country is at the stage of transition and this should not be the reason for the suspension of patriotic education the younger generation. The revival of spiritual and moral education is a step towards the revival of Russia.
The leading idea of the experiment is to identify, theoretically and experimentally substantiate the pedagogical conditions for effectiveness; in purposefulness and systematic work teacher, increasing the level of patriotic and spiritual moral development of personality, ensuring the integrity of everything educational process and acquaintance pupils kindergarten with the interests and social life of a cadet school.
3.2 Interaction with parents
An equally important condition for patriotic raising children is a close relationship with parents. Touching the history of your family evokes strong emotions in a child, makes you empathize, and attentively pay attention to the memory of the past, to your historical roots. Interaction with parents on this issue promotes respect for traditions and the preservation of vertical family ties. “In your family and under your leadership, a future citizen grows. Everything that happens in the country must come to the children through your soul and your thought,” we used this commandment of A. S. Makarenko when working with children and their parents.
System of work on interaction with families within moral and patriotic education of preschool children:
This system includes three block: diagnostic, theoretical and practical.
The diagnostic block helps to identify parents' requests for moral and patriotic education of preschool children, identify the motivation for participation in work in this area, determine the level of competence of parents in this matter. This work was implemented through such forms:
Questioning,
Conversations with parents.
Traditional forms of working with parents:
-group parent meetings are a constant form of interaction with the family;
Printed information;
Individual conversations;
Consultations;
-"Mailbox";
Mini library;
Practical block.
Forms of work:
Holidays;
Participation of parents in competitions and exhibitions;
Interactive platform;
Oral journals;
Mini clubs.
3.3 Organization of the process of interaction between teacher and parents
Interaction between teachers and parents preschool children carried out mainly through:
Involving parents in the pedagogical process;
Expanding the scope of parental participation in organizing the life of an educational institution;
Parents attending classes at a time convenient for them;
Creating conditions for creative self-realization of teachers, parents, children;
Information and pedagogical materials, exhibitions of children's works, which allow parents to become more familiar with the specifics of the institution, introduce them to educating and development environment;
Various collaboration programs children and parents;
Combining the efforts of the teacher and parent in joint activities to child upbringing and development: these relationships should be considered as the art of dialogue between adults and a specific child based on knowledge of his mental characteristics age taking into account the interests, abilities and previous experience of the child;
Showing understanding, tolerance and tact in raising and educating a child, the desire to take into account his interests, without ignoring feelings and emotions;
Respectful relationships between family and educational institution.
Conclusion
K. D. Ushinsky wrote: “Just as there is no man without self-love, so there is no man without love for the fatherland, and this love gives education the sure key to a person’s heart..."
Patriotic upbringing– the basis for the formation of a future citizen. Patriotic feeling does not arise on its own. This is the result of a long, focused educational impact on a person, starting from the very preschool childhood. The influence of family and education plays an important role here. A child is not born evil or good, moral or immoral. What moral qualities will develop in a child depends, first of all, on the parents and adults around him, how they will educate, what impressions they will enrich you with.
Love for the Motherland, attachment to the native land, language, culture, traditions are included in the concept "patriotism". It manifests itself in a sense of pride in the achievements of one’s native country, in bitterness for its failures and misfortunes, in caring for people’s memory and national and cultural traditions.
Patriotism in modern conditions is, on the one hand, devotion to one’s Fatherland, and on the other, the preservation of the cultural identity of each people that is part of Russia. Therefore, it is difficult to overestimate in this regard the systematic, purposeful work that is carried out in our preschool institution for the formation of moral children the beginnings of self-awareness of true Patriots of their homeland.
Moral and patriotic education of preschool children
K.D. Ushinsky wrote: “Just as there is no man without self-love, so there is no man without love for the fatherland, and this love gives education the sure key to a person’s heart...”That is why our interests turned to moral values, to the national culture of our people, to the Russian pedagogical heritage.
Explanatory note.
Patriotism - love for the Motherland, devotion to it, responsibility and pride for it, the desire to work for its benefit, to protect and increase its wealth - these feelings and character traits begin to form already in preschool age.
It is impossible to cultivate self-esteem, self-confidence, and, consequently, a full-fledged personality without respect for the history and culture of one’s Fatherland, for its state symbols. You cannot be a patriot without feeling a personal connection with your Motherland, without knowing how our ancestors, our grandfathers and fathers loved and took care of it.
There is no doubt that already in kindergarten, as a result of targeted educational, systematic work, elements of citizenship and patriotism can be formed in children.
We invite you to get acquainted with the experience of such work in kindergarten.
I consider one of the tasks, along with preserving and strengthening the health of children, to be the education of the moral qualities of a little person.
Patriotic education is an integral part of moral education. A true patriot must be healthy both physically and morally. That is why the education of a healthy lifestyle is closely connected with patriotic education and the education of an active civic position.
It is no coincidence that popular wisdom says: “A healthy mind in a healthy body.”
In the process of developing a sense of patriotism in preschool age, it is important to give children basic knowledge about the Motherland, ideas about our country, people, customs, history, and culture. But at the same time, in my opinion, it is necessary to understand that the origins of patriotism arise in the human heart. That is why the period of preschool childhood, due to the immediate mental and emotional reactions inherent in it, due to the still unlost openness of the soul, is most important for the formation of feelings of patriotism.
The child begins to get to know his homeland - through his family, his closest circle. What should be kept in mind when developing the first sense of citizenship in a preschool child? What tasks do teachers and parents face in this direction?
In my work I paid attention to the following issues:
1. History of the village (targeted walks, excursions, general lessons with showing photographs, stories on the history of the village).
2. Everyday work of our fellow countrymen (excursions, conversations, classes).
3. Nature and fauna of our region (introduction to the “Red Book”).
4. “No one is forgotten, nothing is forgotten” (excursion to the obelisk).
Program for moral and patriotic education of preschool children
Target:
1. Organization of an effective system of work to develop a sense of patriotism and active citizenship in children of senior preschool age.
2. Development of the foundations of the beginning of moral and patriotic education through communication with the history of the native land, familiarization with the past and present.
Tasks:
1. Expand and deepen knowledge about your native land, its history, and attractions.
2. To develop moral and patriotic qualities, pride, humanism, the desire to preserve and increase the wealth of the native land, to cultivate respect for the work of people who create a beautiful village.
3. To cultivate love for the Motherland, native land, nature through direct communication with it, perception of its beauty and diversity.
4. Involve parents in the educational process to work together to study their native land, orient parents towards the patriotic upbringing of children by touching on the history of their family.
Thematic planning of moral and patriotic education of preschool children
Block 1. Topic: “My family”
Goals. Strengthening the connection between generations in the family, instilling respect for representatives of the older generation.
Tasks:
1. Develop interest in your loved ones and friends.
2. To form educational interest in representatives of the older generation.
3. Cultivate respect and veneration for older people.
A child’s sense of homeland begins with his relationship to his family, to the closest people - mom, dad, grandmother, grandfather. These roots connect him with his home and immediate environment.
The feeling of the Motherland is associated with admiration for what the baby sees in front of him, what he is amazed at and what evokes a response in his soul. And although many impressions are not yet deeply understood by him, they play a huge role in the development of the child’s personality. Family study of their ancestry will help children begin to understand important points:
1. Everyone’s roots are in the history and traditions of the family.
2. The family is the unit of society, the keeper of national traditions.
3. The happiness of the family is the happiness and well-being of the people.
It is necessary to help children understand their status in the family and appreciate the importance of family in their lives.
It is pleasant to think that the education of love for the Fatherland is built in such a logic “from near to far”: from love for home, kindergarten, street, city, village, to love for one’s native country. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate love and respect for one’s home from preschool childhood.
Everyone understands this, but not everyone knows how to do it.
I try to come to the aid of parents, to involve them in joint activities, the results of which please the children and make them feel proud.
It’s nice to hear from a child’s mouth: “My mom and dad made this!”, “We made this together!”
While trying to educate children to love their relatives and family, I decided to involve parents in drawing up a genealogy, in which they spoke in detail about family traditions.
We created an exhibition of the family tree. Each parent approached this issue in a special way.
The children looked at the exhibition for a long time and proudly talked about their family.
The parents showed considerable imagination when designing the family coat of arms.
Not one coat of arms was like the other, each reflected the characteristics of its family.
Each family chose its own motto: “My home is my fortress”, “Always together - always close”, “My family is my wealth”.
The conclusion I came to is: it is important that in his own home a child grows up not as a guest, but as a master, so that he has some responsibilities - this helps strengthen the sense of family.
Block 2. Topic: “I love my kindergarten”
Target. Acquaintance with the work activities of kindergarten employees, with the variety of professional skills that they possess.
Tasks:
1. Develop curiosity and dialogue skills.
2. Develop moral qualities towards others.
All adults work. To prevent children from staying at home, they are brought to kindergarten, where there are many different people: children and adults.
They all feel good when they take care of each other, greet each other warmly, say goodbye, and thank them for the service rendered.
In kindergarten there are kind, smart, caring people - teachers. They know a lot of interesting things, they can teach them how to sculpt and draw, they read books to children and play with them.
There is a nanny - she cleans the house and feeds the children.
There is a cook - he prepares delicious food for the children and makes sure that they grow up faster.
Children go to kindergarten not only because they can’t stay at home, but also because they have a lot of interesting activities here, and they can learn a lot here.
Block 3. Topic: “I live in the village of Beya”
Target. Consolidating and expanding knowledge about your native village.
Tasks: introduce the history of the emergence of the village, the history of the emergence of enterprises, their influence on the environmental development of the region.
To prepare a child for an independent life, to teach him to be honest, fair and successful in all matters, it is necessary to help him to love his homeland from early childhood.
In this regard, it is of great importance to familiarize preschoolers with the historical, national, cultural, geographical, natural - ecological uniqueness of their native village, because love for our fatherland begins with love for one’s village, region, region.
The most effective way to form preschoolers’ patriotic feelings for their native village is to conduct games such as “Village Experts”, “Let’s Walk the Village Streets”, “KVN” - my favorite village.
Cultivating love for the surrounding nature, native land, and villages is an integral part of cultivating deep patriotic feelings.
Having set this task for myself, I decided to choose more effective forms to solve it: conversations, excursions, games.
Conversations give children the opportunity to learn to express their feelings and experiences, and excursions allow them to perceive the surrounding objects, broaden their horizons, clarify their ideas about the life around them, and also help them see the beauty of their native land concretely and figuratively.
I began my work on instilling love for my native village with conversations during which I revealed the children’s existing knowledge about their native village.
It turned out that their knowledge was still small: the children only had ideas about the street on which they lived and about their kindergarten, and even then they were not very clear.
During thematic conversations using photographs and illustrations, I encouraged the children to draw conclusions and evaluate what they heard and saw.
In my conversations with children, I told that our land contains zones of steppes, forest-steppes, mixed forests and taiga.
On excursions, I introduced the children to the streets of our village, what educational and cultural institutions are located in our village.
Our village is inhabited by people of various professions. I introduced my students to the work of a librarian and teacher.
Conducted conversations and asked riddles about various professions.
I gave the children the task of finding out where their mothers and fathers work, and asked the parents to talk more about their work in a conversation with their children.
At one of the classes, I invited the children to write a story about a beautiful and favorite corner of our village.
The children illustrated their stories.
Our students also performed collective work on the topics: “The street of our village”, “The work of a coal mine”.
Joint activities have become the basis for the further formation of moral and patriotic feelings in children.
Children began to monitor the cleanliness of the playground, are happy to remove garbage, and plant flowers. This is how they developed a new attitude towards their surroundings: what you love must be protected.
As a result of the work done, our students’ knowledge about the village became deeper and broader, their stories became meaningful, imaginative, and emotional.
These stories clearly expressed the children’s attitude towards their home village; they were already sharply different from the previous ones. The wealth of children's impressions was reflected in their play activities. As planned, the children’s drawings included themes related to our village: “Our Street,” “My Kindergarten,” “My Yard.”
The group set up a local history corner (mini-center). Books in the corner:
N.F. Vinogradov “My Russia”;
A. Kupriyanov “Nature of Kuzbass”;
Animals of Siberia;
History of Kuzbass;
G.A.Fedor Belov “Belovo”.
Block 4. Topic: “Kuzbass, city of Belovo”
Target. Consolidating and expanding knowledge about your hometown.
Tasks:
1. Introduce the history of the city, its coat of arms, the city is the result of the work of people of different generations.
2. Introduce the city’s enterprises and the history of their origin.
Block topics.
1. My hometown.
The location of the city, its economic significance. History of the city. People inhabiting the city. City coat of arms. The city where a person was born is called his hometown. Everyone loves their hometown, misses it when they leave, and does a lot to make it better. Each city, like a person, has a name and a birthday.
2. City transport.
Types of transport. History of the creation of urban transport.
3. The nature of your hometown, region.
Flora and fauna. Conversations about nature conservation. Red Book.
Children reflected their impressions of their native land in drawings and joint work with parents and teachers: exhibitions of drawings, models made from various waste materials, and at a family coat of arms competition.
Of course, the impressions and emotions received during various events introduced children to the history of their hometown, region and their people, and instilled a love for their Fatherland.
Thus, in kindergarten, optimal conditions have been created for the formation of the foundations of citizenship in children, the education of patriotism, as well as the formation of interest in their small homeland.
Block 5. Topic: “Our state is the Russian Federation”
Target. Instilling a sense of pride, deep respect and veneration for the symbols of the Russian Federation - the coat of arms, anthem, flag.
Tasks:
1. Develop children’s ideas about the state symbols of the Russian state, their historical origin.
2. Summarize children’s knowledge about the National Flag.
3. Foster respect for the power of the Russian state, love for the Motherland, and a sense of pride in one’s country.
Children learned the history of the origin of the state emblem of the Russian Federation, which is a quadrangular red heraldic shield with pointed lower corners, pointed at the tip, with a golden double-headed eagle, raising its spreading wings. The eagle is crowned with two small crowns and above them - one large crown, connected by a ribbon, in the right paw of the eagle there is a scepter, in the left - an orb. On the eagle’s chest, in a red shield, is a silver rider in a blue cloak on a silver horse, striking with a silver spear a black dragon, overturned on its back and trampled by its horse.
During the music lesson, the national anthem of the Russian Federation was listened to. The anthem is an officially adopted solemn song in honor of the state.
The state flag is one of the most important attributes of the state, a symbol of state and national sovereignty, a distinctive sign of the state; It is a rectangular panel of three equal horizontal stripes: the top is white, the middle is blue, and the bottom is red.
Conversations on the following topics helped to consolidate children's correct understanding of symbolism:
“What does our coat of arms tell us about”;
"The colors of our flag";
“How they listen and sing the anthem.”
Block 6. Topic: “Day of Defenders of the Fatherland”
Target. The image of the defender of the Motherland through the images of real-life personalities, epic, fairy-tale heroes.
Tasks:
1. Introduce children to the concept of “Defenders of the Fatherland”, to the peculiarities of the service of soldiers of different troops.
2. Summarize: our army is a liberator army, peace-loving and humane.
Together with the children, a model “Our Army is Strong” was made. An exhibition of drawings was organized on the theme “There are many professions in the army.”
A sports festival was held together with the parents.
Block 7. Topic: “My beloved mommy”
Target. Expanding children's knowledge about professions. Instilling love and respect for the older generation.
Tasks: cultivate a kind, attentive, respectful attitude towards elders, the desire to help them.
An exhibition of drawings “Portrait of my mother” was organized.
The “Handicraft” exhibition was organized jointly with parents.
Block 8. Topic: “Our cosmonauts”
Target. Introduction to the globe and physical map of the Earth. A story about the influence of the Sun and Moon on planet Earth.
Tasks:
1. Generalize and expand interest in the internal structure of the Earth.
2. Develop search and cognitive abilities, logical thinking.
Excursions to the planetarium. Children became interested in space, constellations, and planets. They confidently talked about the first cosmonaut, who was the first to fly into space, why an astronaut puts on a spacesuit, and what is missing in space.
An exhibition of drawings “Cosmos” was organized together with the children.
Block 9. Topic: “This Victory Day”
Target. Consolidating children's knowledge about how the Russian people defended their Motherland during the war years, how the living remember them.
Tasks:
1. Summarize and expand children’s knowledge about the history of the Great Patriotic War.
2. Talk about the heroes of the war, how people honor their memory: poems and songs are composed in honor of the heroes, monuments are erected to them.
Block topics:
1. What is heroism?
Develop an idea of heroism. To instill in children an emotionally positive attitude towards soldiers.
2. In the Museum of Fame.
Bring children to understand that at all times the people defended their Motherland, that people remember the defenders of the Fatherland and erect monuments to them.
An excursion to the monument to fallen soldiers was organized.
Before going to the monument to fallen soldiers, my children and I looked at illustrations about the heroic exploits of our Soviet people during the Great Patriotic War.
After reading the stories, I talked with the children and found out what our students know about war heroes, who can be called a hero these days.
Conclusion. In my opinion, an important and necessary condition for success in teaching is love for your profession and children.
You need to love children for what they are; children will gratefully respond to love and faith in them.
In my opinion, the life of children in kindergarten should be organized in such a way that every day and hour reveals something new to them, develops their mind, forms the foundations of their personality, brings success, and then the work of the teacher will be successful and fruitful.
Diagnostics.
Based on the results of the diagnosis, the children mastered the knowledge acquired in classes and in everyday life in moral and patriotic education.
They show an active interest in the past and present of their people, their family, hometown, village. They know some information about history, sights, famous people.
They have an idea about the natural resources of the region.
Show interest in the country in which they live.
They express a positive attitude towards the world, towards their city, town, friendship, towards all living things.
They become attentive to the emotional state of others, show empathy, and actively express their readiness to help.
Exercise basic self-control.
TASKS OF MORAL AND PATRIOTIC EDUCATION
To cultivate in a child a feeling of love and affection for his family, home, kindergarten, street, city.
Develop a caring attitude towards nature and all living things.
Foster respect for work.
Develop interest in Russian traditions and crafts.
To develop basic knowledge about human rights.
Expand your understanding of Russian cities.
Introduce children to the symbols of the state (coat of arms, flag, anthem).
Develop a sense of responsibility and pride for the country's achievements.
To develop tolerance and a sense of respect for other peoples and their traditions.
The system and sequence of work on moral and patriotic education of children is presented as follows:
- Kindergarten
Family
- Native street, district
- Hometown city
- Country, its capital, symbols
- Rights and obligations (Constitution)
- Rights of the child (convention)
When solving the problems of moral and patriotic education, we build our work taking into account the following principles:
“Positive centrism” (selection of knowledge most relevant for a child of a given age) Continuity and continuity of the pedagogical process
A differentiated approach to each child, maximum consideration of his psychological characteristics, capabilities and interests
A rational combination of different types of activities, an age-appropriate balance of intellectual, emotional and motor stress
Activity approach
Developmental nature of education based on children's activity
PERSPECTIVE WORK PLAN FOR THE MORAL AND PATRIOIC EDUCATION OF CHILDREN IN THE SENIOR GROUP
September
"My favorite kindergarten"
1. A tour of the kindergarten and an introduction to the work of the employees.
Goal: to introduce children to the premises and staff of the kindergarten.
2. A conversation about the importance of the work of all people working in kindergarten.
Goal: to deepen children’s knowledge that there are many people working in kindergarten who care about them.
3.Singing songs and reading poems about kindergarten.
Goal: develop children's speech
4. Lesson “Our kindergarten”
Goal: to consolidate, deepen, expand knowledge about the work of a teacher, assistant teacher, cook, doctor.
5. Conversation: “Where there is neatness, there is neatness”
Goal: to consolidate children’s knowledge and skills about etiquette.
6. Lesson “Let's play together”
Goal: to clarify children’s knowledge about a friendly attitude towards peers, about the need to play together.
6. Exhibition of children's drawings on the theme “My favorite kindergarten”.
Goal: to arouse in children a desire to reflect their impressions and ideas in drawings, to cultivate love for their kindergarten; friendly attitude towards peers; cultivate respect for kindergarten employees, a desire to help them, and bring joy.
October
"My family"
1. Lesson “My Family”.
Goal: to form an idea of the composition of the family, to cultivate love and respect for close relatives.
2. Conversation “Our Motherland-Russia”.
Goal: to clarify, deepen knowledge and ideas about Russia (territory, president, capital, language).
3. Children's stories about family members based on personal experience.
Goal: to instill love and respect for close relatives, respect for their work.
4. Conversation “Respect your father and mother - there will be grace in your life.”
Goal: to cultivate love and respect for parents.
5. Drawing on the theme “My family”
Goal: to arouse in children the desire to reflect their impressions and ideas in the drawing. Cultivate love and respect for your family members.
6. Lesson “Bake, bake bread.”
Goal: to introduce children to the process of growing bread; give an idea of how bread came to our table; to cultivate a caring attitude toward bread, respect for human labor, and an understanding that everyone’s work makes our life and country better and richer.
November
"Our Motherland-Russia".
- Lesson “All kinds of mothers are important, all kinds of mothers are needed”
- Lesson “National Flag of the Russian Federation”.
- Conversation “Whoever wishes good for people gets it himself”
- Reading competition “Poems about Mom.”
- Lesson “National Anthem of Russia”
- Conversation “House, street, address.”
Goal: to consolidate knowledge about the work of a mother at home and at work, to cultivate feelings of love, respect and care for women; expand ideas about professions
Purpose: to introduce the State Flag of the Russian Federation, the purpose, symbolism of colors and their relative positions.
Goal: to teach to understand oneself through knowledge of one’s feelings, to promote the development of the ability to guess the feelings and mood of another person, to cultivate a sense of compassion and mercy.
Goal: to cultivate feelings of love, respect and care for mother.
Purpose: to introduce the national anthem of Russia and the rules for its use, talk about its origin, purpose, content; identify its features that are similar to those of other musical works and different from them.
Goal: continue to introduce children to their hometown and develop communication skills.
7. Conversation “Nature of Russia”. Goal: to form children’s understanding of the beauty of Russia’s nature, to cultivate a sense of pride that they live in such a beautiful country.
8. Celebration “Mom, you are the best in the world!”
Goal: to instill feelings of love and care for mom.”
9.Drawing on the theme “My Motherland”.
Goal: to arouse in children the desire to reflect their impressions and ideas in the drawing. Foster love and respect for the Motherland.
December
“According to the New Year’s card” (or “New Year at the gate.”)
1. Lesson: “What kind of holiday is New Year?”
Goal: to expand and deepen children’s knowledge about the New Year holiday, family, kind, fun.
2. Conversation: “What is good and what is bad?”
Goal: to reveal to children the meaning of the words “impossible”, “possible”, “must”; learn to evaluate actions and correlate them with words good and bad.
3. Lesson “My native country!”
Goal: continue to introduce the native country (cities, anthem, flag of Russia); develop a sense of pride for the country. Create a desire to study more about Russia.
4. Making the album “Native Side”.
Goal: to instill love and respect for nature, to expand children’s knowledge about their native Stavropol region.
5. Entertainment “Me and my rights.”
Goal: to introduce the Convention on the Rights of the Child in a form accessible to preschoolers.
6. Conversation “The fauna of our region.”
Goal: to form an idea of the environmental conditions to which animals and plants have adapted in our region; develop in children a cognitive interest in the life of animals in our region; cultivate a caring attitude towards animals.
7. Holiday "New Year's Carnival".
Goal: to create a joyful mood in children.
8. Conducting the “Best New Year’s Toy” competition (together with parents).
Goal: to cultivate in children and parents a desire to invent and create something together.
January
"Folk Holidays"
1. Lesson “Folk holidays in Rus'. Christmas"
Goal: to introduce children to the tradition of celebrating the Orthodox holiday of the Nativity of Christ; cultivate interest in national traditions. Expand children's knowledge about folk holidays in Rus'.
2. Entertainment “Carol has come to visit.”
Goal: to cultivate interest in Russian folk holidays.
3. Lesson “Get the job done.”
Goal: to teach children to finish what they start, not to quit their work halfway, to teach them to foresee the result.
4. Conversation “History of my city.”
Goal: to introduce children to the history of the city; develop the ability to understand the inextricable connection between “past” and “present”.
5. Looking at photographs depicting the most famous places in the area or city.
Goal: to instill interest and love for one’s hometown and region.
6. Exhibition of children's drawings "Miracle, miracle Christmas."
Goal: to arouse in children a desire to reflect their impressions and ideas in drawings;
February
“Strong and mighty are the heroes of glorious Rus'” (for Defender of the Fatherland Day)
1. Examination of Vasnetsov’s painting “Three Heroes”.
Goal: broadening your horizons.
2. Excursion to the winter park.
Goal: to develop a sense of empathy and involvement in the fate of birds in winter, love and interest in native nature, in the symbol of Russia - the birch tree.
3. Conversation “My friends.”
Goal: to form in children the concept that people are not alike, but they are all equal; to instill in children respect and tolerance for people, regardless of their social origin, race and nationality, appearance, or physical disabilities.
4. Lesson “State Emblem of Russia”.
Purpose: to introduce the image of the State Emblem of the Russian Federation, to form elementary ideas about the origin and function of the coat of arms of Russia, about the symbolic meaning of the color combination and images in it.
5. Maslenitsa holiday.
Goal: to cultivate interest in Russian folk holidays, interest in the history of Russia, and national pride.
6. Making gifts for fathers and grandfathers.
Goal: to instill a desire to take care of your close relatives.
7. Lesson “Who guards the silence?”
Goal: expand children’s understanding of the Russian army, consolidate knowledge about various military professions and branches of the military; talk about the people who glorified our country during the war, about how people honor their memory.
8. Sports entertainment “The boys want to serve in the army.”
Goal: to develop speed, endurance, strength, and attention in children.
March
"My mom"
1.Lesson “About mothers of relatives and very important ones.”
Goal: to cultivate a kind, attentive, respectful attitude towards mother, the desire to care and help her.
2. Making a gift for mothers and grandmothers.
Goal: to cultivate a desire to please mothers and grandmothers.
Goal: to cultivate a desire to congratulate mothers and grandmothers and take care of them.
4. Game – travel “Moscow – the capital of Russia”.
Goal: to introduce children to the sights of Moscow. To form in children the concept of Moscow - the capital, the main city of Russia; cultivate patriotic and civic feelings.
5. Thematic role-playing game “Daughters - Mothers”.
Goal: to promote the emergence of games on themes from the surrounding life, to develop the ability to get along with each other in a joint game.
6. Game - gatherings “Ladushki visiting grandma.”
Goal: to form in children an understanding of Russian folklore: songs, games, nursery rhymes, and to cultivate a love for oral folk art.
April
"Our Cosmonauts"
1. Lesson “Conquest of space”.
Purpose: to give an idea of outer space; about the nearest star - the Sun, about the earth's satellite - the Moon; to cultivate respect for the difficult and dangerous profession of astronaut. Learn to fantasize and dream
2. Holiday “Russia is famous for its miracles - masters.”
Goal: to introduce people to folk crafts, to instill love and interest in Russian antiquity and folklore traditions.
3. Conversation “Me and my name.”
Purpose: to introduce the meaning of the names of children and parents; explain the concept of first name, patronymic, last name; consolidate the ability to understand and explain the meaning of Russian proverbs about family.
4. Lesson “Easter Holiday”.
Goal: to develop interest in the culture of your people; develop the ability to apply knowledge about national culture in various activities.
5. Entertainment “Holiday of the Motherland - Russia!”
Goal: to cultivate love for our Motherland - Russia, to consolidate children’s knowledge about the flag, coat of arms and anthem of Russia; about the history of Russia.
"Spring Festival"
1. Entertainment "Vesnyanka".
Goal: to clarify and systematize children’s ideas about spring; develop interest in the culture of your people.
2. Conversation “Victory Banner”.
Goal: to form a basic understanding of the history of the Fatherland, consolidate and generalize knowledge about the types of flags and their purpose; give brief information on the history of banners.
3. Lesson “This Victory Day.”
Goal: to introduce children to life during the Great Patriotic War; to form patriotic feelings and interest in Russia’s past.
4. Excursion to the eternal flame with laying flowers at the obelisk of fallen soldiers.
Goal: to convey to children the idea that after many years people remember the events of the terrible war and honor the memory of those who died.
5. Design of the stand “My dad and grandfather are defenders of the Fatherland.”
Goal: to cultivate love and respect for close relatives as defenders of the Motherland.
6. Conversation “Grandparents together.” Goal: to expand the idea of family, to teach how to navigate family relationships, to cultivate in children a kind, attentive, respectful attitude towards elders, and a desire to help them.
7. Lesson “Children’s Day.”
Goal: to continue to introduce the Convention on the Rights of the Child in a form accessible to preschoolers.
8. Drawing competition “My favorite city”. (Together with parents). Goal: to cultivate love and respect for our small Motherland.
PERSPECTIVE WORK PLAN FOR THE MORAL AND PATRIOIC EDUCATION OF CHILDREN IN THE PREPARATORY GROUP
September
1. Entertainment “Day of Knowledge”.
Target. To give children the idea that everyone needs knowledge; the source of knowledge is books, the older generation, and school.
2. Lesson “Me and my rights.”
Target. Continue to introduce children to the Convention on the Rights of the Child in a form accessible to preschoolers.
3. Drawing a house for your family.
Target. Induce in children a desire to reflect their love for their parents in the drawing. Foster love and respect for their family members.
4. Role-playing game “Family”.
Target. Promote the emergence of games on themes from the surrounding life; develop the ability to get along with each other in joint play.
5. Conversations with children about their household responsibilities, family traditions and holidays.
Target. Cultivate a desire to take care of close relatives, develop a sense of pride in your family. Develop an understanding of family traditions and holidays.
6. Lesson “A good word heals, but a bad word cripples.”
Target. To form in children a kind attitude towards loved ones, the ability to correct their mistakes, asking for forgiveness.
7. Exhibition of drawings on the theme “My small Motherland”
Target. Strengthen children's knowledge about the sights of the city; cultivate love for your hometown.
8. Conversation “Calling my mother at work.”
Target. Form the basics of etiquette.
October
1. Conversation about the professions of people working in kindergarten.
Target. Cultivate respect for kindergarten employees, a desire to help them, and bring joy.
3. Looking at photographs about the historical places of the city and its famous people.
Target. Expand children's knowledge about our city, instill a desire to take excursions around the city with their parents.
4. Entertainment “Gifts of Nature”.
Target. Expand children's understanding of the benefits of vegetables and fruits; show the importance of bread in human life. To cultivate respect for the work of vegetable growers and grain growers.
5. Didactic game “Where was Petya.”
Target. Activate the processes of thinking, remembering, attention; cultivate respect for working people.
6. Conversation “What boys and girls should be like.”
Target. Form friendly relationships between children.
7. Exhibition of joint creativity of parents and children on the theme: “Autumn Palette”.
Target. To instill in children and parents a desire to invent and create something together
8. KVN “Autumn Marathon”.
Target. To consolidate children's knowledge about the surrounding nature, to instill a caring attitude towards it.
November
1. Lesson “The earthly life of the Blessed Virgin Mary.”
Target. To consolidate and expand children's knowledge about the earthly life of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Cultivate love and respect for mother.
2. Conversation “Tell me, where do you live?”
Target. Expand children's knowledge about their native village, develop communication skills.
3. Entertainment “Mom, you are the best in the world.”
Target. Cultivate a desire to take care of your mother, congratulate you on Mother's Day. 4. Reading competition "Mommy's Beloved."
Target. Cultivate love, respect, and caring attitude towards mother.
5. Entertainment “Cossack Fair”.
Target. Continue to introduce children to the history of their native land, its traditions, and folk culture; with the development of the region today, with the achievements and wealth of the Kuban people.
6. Photo exhibition “I love my grandmother very much, I love my mother’s mother.”
Target. Cultivate a desire to take care of your grandmother, be proud of her, and love her.
7. Entertainment “Fairy Tale Holiday”.
Target. To deepen children's interest in fairy tales and instill a love of oral folk art.
December
1. Lesson “About the rights of playing.”
Target. Expand children's knowledge about child rights; about his responsibilities.
2. Conversation “The laws by which we live.”
Target. Continue to introduce children to the concept of “Constitution”; expand their knowledge about the rights and responsibilities of the child.
3. Reading fairy tales by Y. Olesha “Three Fat Men”, D. Rodari “The Adventures of Cipollino”.
Target. Talk with children about the justice of the fairy-tale state.
4. The teacher’s story about the New Year’s Eve and an imaginary journey on the map.
Target. Expand children's knowledge about New Year's symbols and New Year's customs.
5. Didactic game “Where will you go and what will you find.”
Target. Improve the ability to navigate the surrounding space. Understand the meaning of spatial relationships.
6. Decorating the group for the holiday.
Target. Create a desire for everyone to decorate the group together and work together.
7. Holiday "Hello, Hello New Year!"
Target. Make children want to celebrate together and create a joyful mood.
8. Conducting the "New Year's Miracle" competition. Target. To instill in parents and children a desire to invent New Year's toys and make them together.
January
1. Lesson “School of Green Light”.
Target. Foster a culture of behavior on the street and in transport.
2. Physical education “Christmas carols”.
Target. Expand children's knowledge about folk holidays in Rus'; cultivate interest in the national traditions of the Russian people.
3. Conversation “The birch tree is a symbol of Russia.”
Target. To cultivate a desire to learn more about the symbol of Russia - the Russian birch tree, to learn poems and songs about the birch tree. Instill love for the Motherland.
4. Kuban folk game “Three grandmas”
Target. To instill an interest in Kuban folk art and a desire to play Kuban folk games.
5. Conversation “Folk crafts”.
Target. To form a concept about Russian folk toys; instill interest in Russian applied art; create and create based on Russian folk art.
6. Compiling stories about your homeland, about its future.
Target. To instill interest in the life of people in Russia, love for our Motherland-Russia, pride in Russia and its citizens.
7. Conversation “Winter - winter”.
Target. Expand children's knowledge about winter seasonal changes and winter fun.
8. Exhibition of drawings “Winter Holidays”.
Target. To arouse in children the desire to reflect their impressions and ideas in the drawing. Foster love and respect for national holidays.
February
1. Conversation “We are all different, but we are all equal.”
Target. Expand children's knowledge about people of different nationalities living in Russia; work on the concept of “citizen”; introduce national holidays of different peoples.
2. Lesson “Our Army”.
Target. Continue to expand children's understanding of the Russian army; consolidate children's knowledge about military professions; instill respect for people of these professions.
3. Physical entertainment “Russian heroes”.
Target. To develop speed, strength, endurance, and attention in children.
4. Lesson “My pedigree.”
Target. Teach children to love their family, arouse interest in their ancestry, a desire to talk about their dads, grandfathers, older brothers, uncles.
5. Watching video presentations “Defenders of the Motherland.”
Target. Tell children about the people who glorified our country during the war and in our time.
6. Making gifts for fathers and grandfathers.
Target. Instill an attentive, caring attitude towards loved ones.
7. Joint entertainment with 1st grade students of Municipal Educational Institution Lyceum No. 14 “A Fun Journey of Friends.”
Target. Instill interest in school and a desire to study at school.
8. Photo exhibition “Defenders of the Motherland - our grandfathers and fathers.”
Target. Instill a desire to learn more about your loved ones.
March
1. Lesson “All kinds of mothers are needed, all kinds of mothers are important.”
Target. Cultivate a kind, caring attitude towards mother, a desire to help her.
2. Making gifts for mothers and grandmothers.
Target. Instill a desire to give gifts to loved ones.
Target. Foster a desire to congratulate mothers and grandmothers and take care of them.
4. Exhibition of children's drawings "I'll give a drawing to my mother."
Target. Instill feelings of love for mother and care for her.
5. Lesson “Moscow is the capital of our Motherland.”
Target. To form in children the concept of Moscow, the capital, the main city of Russia; cultivate patriotic and civic feelings.
6. Conversation “State symbols of Russia.”
Target. Continue to form an idea of the state symbols of Russia - the flag, coat of arms, anthem; lead to the understanding that symbols not only designate, but also describe phenomena. To instill in children a sense of pride for the Motherland and love for the Motherland.
7. Lesson “Walk in the spring park.”
Target. Foster a love of nature and birds; desire to take care of them.
April
1. Lesson “Our cosmonauts”.
Target. Continue to introduce children to the profession of an astronaut (by watching a video); introduce children to proverbs and sayings about this profession; teach children to dream. Develop respect for this dangerous and difficult profession.
2. Sports entertainment “We are astronauts.”
Target. To develop agility, speed, strength, and endurance in children.
3. Conversation “Our state is the Russian Federation.”
Target. Introduce children to various cities of Russia. Strengthen children's knowledge about the state symbols of the Russian Federation; cultivate love for your homeland.
4. Entertainment “Spring gatherings”.
Target. Clarify and systematize children’s ideas about spring; to develop interest in the culture and folklore of the Russian people.
5. Conversation about school, excursion to school.
Target. Expand children's knowledge about school; make you want to study there.
6. Lesson “The Earth is our common home.”
Target. Continue to acquaint children with the concept “Earth is our common home”, with the fact that there are many countries and many different peoples on Earth, that we all need to live in peace and harmony.
7. Holiday “Inseparable friends - adults and children!”
Target. To instill in children a desire to have fun and compete with their parents.
8. Exhibition of drawings “My teacher”.
Target. To arouse in children the desire to reflect their impressions and ideas in the drawing; cultivate respect for the teaching profession and a desire to help him.
1. Thematic lesson dedicated to Victory Day.
Target. Continue to introduce children to the exploits of soldiers during the Great Patriotic War; to form patriotic feelings.
2. Excursion and laying flowers at the Eternal Flame.
Target. Show children that after many years people remember the Great Patriotic War and honor the memory of those who died.
3. Planting flowers in the kindergarten garden in memory of fallen soldiers.
Target. To form patriotic feelings in children.
4. Conversation “My family.”
Target. Continue to form in children an idea of the family world; update children's emotional experience of family relationships. 5. Didactic game “Own city”.
Target. Promote the development of imagination. To foster a sense of belonging to the life of the city, country, region.
6. Entertainment - conversation “Journey to the Sea.”
Target. Strengthen children's knowledge about marine fauna and flora.
7. Lesson “Flowers”.
Target. Instill an interest in plant life and respect for the environment.
8. Graduation party “Goodbye, kindergarten!”
Target. To instill in children a desire to play and have fun with their peers and parents.
List of used literature:
1. Vetokhina A.Ya. Moral and patriotic education of preschool children. – St. Petersburg, Childhood – Press, 2010.
2. Makhaneva M.D. Moral and patriotic education of children of senior preschool age. – M: Mosaic – Synthesis, 2004.
3. Mosalova L.L. Me and the world. Lesson notes on social and moral education of preschool children. – St. Petersburg, Childhood – Press, 2010.
4. The program “From birth to school”, edited by N.E. Veraksy, T.S. Komarova, M.A. Vasilyeva – M.: Mosaic – Synthesis, 2010.
In the education program for preschoolers in Russia, the main position is given to getting to know the Fatherland, its traditions, and heroes. Patriotic education in kindergarten aims to teach children loyalty to the Motherland, readiness to guard its interests, and fulfill their duty to the state, their city and family.
In a preschool institution, work with children to form the foundations of patriotism, respect for the Motherland, its values begins from an early age and represents a purposeful, systematic activity to create a spiritual and moral principle, patriotic consciousness, a sense of love for the Fatherland, and respect for its symbols. 
Moral and patriotic education in kindergarten is a set of civic-oriented activities that contribute to the formation of common values in the child and his family.
Relevance of the program
Many events and facts are not fully understood by children with a deep understanding of the problem. But by passing them through their children's thinking and perception, preschoolers receive valuable guidelines for citizenship, patriotism, hard work, and a healthy rhythm of life.
Kids learn that the Motherland will only become more beautiful, richer, stronger and independent when everyone, including them, makes an effort to build its power and steadfastness.
The guys understand that they need to learn a lot in order to contribute to the development of the city in which they live, study and work. Starting their acquaintance with the small Motherland, preschoolers gradually assimilate their belonging to the big Motherland - Russia. 
To be a citizen of the Russian Federation means to be the son of a great state, to carry its banner high and to be responsible for its stability and well-being.
The goal of moral and patriotic education of children is to form among preschoolers a relationship of high spiritual morality with an active life position aimed at preserving and increasing the achievements of the people of their country.
Tasks:
- To cultivate love and reverent attitude towards the values of family, kindergarten, hometown.
- To promote the formation of a desire to participate in public events aimed at improving one’s yard, the group’s territory, and the streets of one’s hometown.
- Teach a caring attitude towards family and friends, younger peers and the older generation.
- Foster respect for the work of different professions.
- Develop interest in the traditions of the native land, observe and preserve them.
- Develop a reverent attitude towards nature, its resources, and use them sparingly.
- To introduce the symbols of the Russian state, its significance for the people and the country as a whole.
- Give ideas about children's rights aimed at protecting the interests of every preschooler.
- Expand children's understanding of the regions of the country and its big cities.
- To cultivate pride in Russians who have achieved success in various fields of activity: agriculture, science, sports, culture, education.
- To promote the development of international feelings towards other peoples, their cultures and traditions.
Pedagogical principles
When planning classes in kindergarten, the teacher takes into account the basic principles of working with children:
- regionalization;
- continuity;
- accessibility;
- scientific character;
- integrity;
- systematic;
- continuity;
- cultural character;
- stimulating children's activities.
Structure
Work on instilling patriotic feelings in preschoolers can be divided into thematic blocks for the convenience of children's perception.
This is the street, this is the house
Target: To consolidate and expand preschoolers’ knowledge about the city streets on which they live.
Tasks: Introduce the children to the history of the names of streets, enterprises, and social facilities located on them.
The teacher reveals to the children the unknown on the street where they live, teaches them to notice how the city is built, who builds it, and how this makes the street even more beautiful. The children's attention is drawn to the cleanliness and order around the houses. Children are involved in the improvement and landscaping of the territory of the kindergarten and their homes. 
Together a friendly family
Target: Expanding preschoolers’ knowledge about family structure and the need to strengthen family ties.
Tasks: Develop interest in representatives of older generations and their role in family relationships. Cultivate respect for the oldest relatives and a desire to take care of them.
While working with children, the teacher forms an idea of family roots: parents, grandparents, great-grandparents. Studying the biography of your family can turn into an exciting activity - drawing up a family tree, where there will be a photograph of the baby.
The teacher can set up a “Do as we do” corner, where there is room for photographs of children with their parents on a hike, at the circus, in the forest, or on the way to kindergarten. A colorfully decorated stand will help broadcast positive parenting and prevent early ill-being. 
The city where I live
Target: To reveal the beauty of the city in which children live, to show its social significance in the development of the country.
Tasks: Tell preschoolers what the products of the city enterprise where their close relatives work are. Show the importance of production on the world market. Introduce children to cultural sites, ancient monuments, and religious architecture.
The teacher shows the importance of the work of parents of preschool children, their contribution to the development of the country’s economy. The guys know the history of the churches, to whom and for what merits the monuments were erected, what the steles and mass graves remind us of. Children, coming into contact with the history of the city, learn to honor the memory of fallen soldiers and take care of war and labor veterans.
Our pantry
Target: To acquaint children with the diversity of natural resources of their native land, teach them to use them carefully and economically. 
Tasks: To develop preschoolers’ understanding of the country’s natural resources, their extraction and purpose. Teach children vocational guidance.
The teacher, together with the students, studies the country’s “storehouse” and determines ways to increase it. Consultations for parents help to comprehensively educate children to save water, electricity, and heat resources. Children learn housekeeping and planned distribution of material wealth.
Expected Result
Forms and methods of work
- conversations with looking at photographs;
- pedagogical project “We and Russia are one family”;
- excursions to famous sites;
- games “Find out where it is located”, “My house is the most beautiful”; “Who does this?”;
- KVN with the participation of parents “Do we know everything about our city?”, quizzes, brain-rings, round table;
- film lecture hall;
- illustrating your city, sketches for calendar holidays;
- competitions for the best family newspaper, holiday poster, gift for a veteran;
- sharing family traditions;
- hiking trips with the family to places of military glory;
- outings into nature;
- "Kids Pathfinders" club;
- creation of the museum “No One is Forgotten”.
Games to instill patriotism in children
Issues of patriotic education of preschoolers are included in the work plan every month and are systematic and targeted.
Games for instilling patriotism in preschoolers are classified into:
- didactic: “Whose parents do this”, “Find out what grows in our region”, “Tell me where you have been”;
- desktop-printed“Save light, heat”, “Distribute equally to everyone”, “Become a leader”; "Exchange";
- movable: “We are tourists”, “Who is faster?”, “Military training”, “Who will reach the flag first”;
- musical: “Yanka”, “There was a birch tree in the field”, “Harvesting”, “Help grandma unravel the ball”;
- sports: “Zarnitsa”, “Russia, forward!”, “Olympic Games”;
- role-playing: “Professions”, “Theatre”, “School”, “Supermarket”, “Polyclinic”, “Library”, “Bank”.
Work to instill a patriotic spirit in children in kindergarten should be based on a close connection with the family and society. The accuracy of a child’s assimilation of his role in the life and development of the Motherland depends on the worldview of adults, their position in life, and vivid visual examples.
The child will quickly become involved in good deeds for his family, kindergarten, friends, and city. He will understand that he is that small brick in the construction of peace, order, and prosperity of the Fatherland, without which it simply cannot be done. Teach your children kindness, tolerance, a healthy rhythm of life, and they will not hesitate to please you with their achievements.
Video: Basics of civic education in preschool educational institutions
