home › Inspiration › Premature babies - causes and consequences in the future, in adulthood. Psychological trauma of childhood: the dangers of stress at a young age

Premature babies - causes and consequences in the future, in adulthood. Psychological trauma of childhood: the dangers of stress at a young age

Encephalopathy is a non-inflammatory disease of the brain in which its tissue changes, resulting in disruption of its basic functions. The pathology can be congenital or acquired.

Congenital perinatal encephalopathy in children suggests that they have various pathologies nervous system that arose during their intrauterine development, during childbirth or immediately after birth. The diagnosis is very serious, requiring medical intervention, a fairly long course of treatment and vigilant attention from parents.

Since a child acquires perinatal encephalopathy at the very beginning of his life, attentive parents may notice some deviations from the first days of his life. Over time, they will intensify, grow and will distinguish the sick baby from the rest, healthy babies. The disease covers a fairly wide range of manifestations of nervous disorders and pathologies. Doctors identify from them a number of the most typical, main symptoms of perinatal encephalopathy in children.

In infancy:

weak or very late cry at birth;
problems with heartbeat;
lack of sucking reflexes;
anxiety;
frequent, hysterical crying;
excessive lethargy or increased tone muscles;
inadequate reactions to sound and light;
reflex shudders;
bulging eyes, strabismus;
tilting the head;
frequent regurgitation during meals and after meals (read more about why);
sleep disorders.

At an older age, you can note:

disorders of memory and consciousness;
inactivity, lack of initiative, apathy towards everything;
permanent;
depression;
fatigue, absent-mindedness, irritability, tearfulness, general weakness, bad dream, lack of appetite;
dizziness;
vagueness of thought;
narrowed range of interests;
verbosity;

The problem with perinatal encephalopathy in children is that the disease borders too closely on many other similar diseases of the central nervous system. Parents may miss the first signs due to their ignorance. Even if the child often lags behind mentally and mental development from their peers, parents hope that over time he will catch up with them. But when severe forms This is almost impossible for congenital encephalopathy. If you consult a doctor in a timely manner and make a correct diagnosis, therapy is prescribed depending on the form and severity of the disease.

Types of disease

The child may be diagnosed various shapes diseases, of which there are quite a lot. The classification is based on the genesis (origin) of brain disorders. The most common types of encephalopathy are:

posthypoxic perinatal- caused by a lack of oxygen, even during intrauterine development or during childbirth;
hypoxic-ischemic- brain damage caused not only by oxygen deficiency, but also by a serious violation of cerebral circulation;
transient- transient disturbances in the blood circulation of the brain, which can manifest themselves in short-term loss of consciousness, temporary deterioration of vision, speech impairment, weakness in different parts body, numbness, tingling muscles.

Each of these types differs not only in its special symptoms, but also requires certain treatment.

Treatment methods

Treatment of perinatal encephalopathy in children is long-term. The doctor tries to take into account the severity and duration of the disease, the age of the child, concomitant diseases. Therapy is carried out on an outpatient basis or in a hospital setting, according to the doctor’s decision. Usually two or three courses of therapy are required over the course of a year - it all depends on the severity of the encephalopathy. Main methods treatments are considered:

drug therapy (analgesics, NSAIDs, hormones);
blockades (injections);
metabolite, antioxidant, vascular therapy;
manual therapy (joint, muscle, radicular technique);
physiotherapy (SMT, UHF);
osteopathy;
therapeutic exercises (well-known exercise therapy);
surgical treatment;
acupuncture (reflexotherapy);
herbal medicine: treatment with herbs minimizes the negative consequences of encephalopathy in children - herbal teas from knotweed, dandelion, plantain, clover, knotweed, mint, sweet clover, lingonberry, St. John's wort, lemon balm, calamus root, thyme, oregano are prescribed - they contribute to a noticeable improvement even with heavy or late consequences encephalopathy (including mental retardation);
aromatherapy also comes to the rescue in such cases: they improve the condition of sick children essential oils ginger, chamomile, geranium, lavender, rosemary;
stem cell treatment.

Specified therapeutic effects and methods are used depending on the causes, symptoms and severity of the disease in the child. Constant monitoring by a doctor helps to minimize dangerous consequences for the health of children, which can overtake already in adult life.

Consequences of perinatal encephalopathy in adult life

Many adult neurological diseases originate from childhood. Doctors say that their cause is untreated congenital encephalopathy. The consequences can be very diverse:

early osteochondrosis;
severe migraines;
cardiopsychoneurosis;
impotence;
hypertension;
scoliosis;
attention deficit disorder;
hyperactivity;
vision problems;
fine motor disorders.

The disease itself and its severe consequences - real tragedy for parents. However, such dysfunctions of the brain and central nervous system are not a death sentence; many manifestations are treatable. Moreover, modern development Medical technology is progressing rapidly. Medicines and treatments are becoming more advanced. Perhaps a cure for encephalopathy will be found very soon.

This one is about what often goes unnoticed. Shortage parental love– how to assess whether it is there or not? When a child has few toys, everything is clear. This is obvious; you can touch the toys, touch them, and estimate their value and quantity. Parental love, like feelings in general, is immaterial, and only manifests itself in the form of some actions, words, acceptance different shapes.

A parent and his support are very important for a child at every age. The lack of at a young age– creates in the child a feeling of distrust of the world as a whole.

Even a little older, the lack of parental love and support turns into dependence, lack of independence, and immaturity.

Even a little older turns into disbelief in one’s strengths and capabilities, guilt for everything and everyone. In junior school age is fraught with an inferiority complex and apathy towards study and work.

IN adolescence The lack of adequate parental love and support creates difficulties with self-determination and self-understanding. In the end, in general, the child’s general isolation and inner loneliness also have roots in a lack of parental love.

When I talk about shortage. I mean precisely the form of parental love. I have no doubt that a parent loves his child.

But it is precisely the form in which he expresses this love that may be inappropriate at one stage or another or may not correspond to one or another situation. And then the child does not have the opportunity to receive and “absorb” this love.

For example, love in the form of shaming for the sake of raising a worthy personality or in the form of overprotection in large quantities is very poorly absorbed by children and rather creates a deficit than fills it.

In order to replenish emotional hunger and “relieve nervousness,” children find some objects (or parents offer them) as “substitutes” for parental love. Computer games, social networks, overeating, smoking, fantasy, etc.

It shapes addictive behavior. When, instead of a living, warm, but inaccessible parent (for some reason), a child chooses an inanimate, but quite accessible object.

How parents love a child shapes its own attitude to yourself. A boy or girl learns to treat himself - to love or dislike himself, to scold himself more often, to feel guilty, to generally not pay attention to his desires and needs, etc.

A child deprived of love, that is, not one who is “built” or taken care of, but one who has generally lost hope for warmth from his parents, learns “reverse dependence.”

Those. he is so lonely and in pain that he does not allow himself to come near him at all, no matter how he is “abandoned” again. There is a lot of mistrust and apprehension in him and, at the same time, an internal desire to be loved, so that in adulthood such children may be a little picky in their relationships.

"Abandoned", not receiving love in in the required form the child may be angry, protest in a variety of forms (often incomprehensible to the parent), and may feel severe, chronic depression, which in some cases lasts for several years.

It is impossible to make up for the lack of love that has already happened. What you didn’t give once, you can’t give now. You can, of course, play out situations in your mind and imagine how you would change everything then, or how good it would be... but, nevertheless, help is only possible from the “present”.

For example, through awareness of the deficit that exists and understanding how you are currently filling it (food, alcohol, workaholism, dependent relationships, etc.). And what about those points that I talked about at the very beginning - what do you think about yourself, how do you feel about yourself, what are you depriving. What don't you like about this? What can you change, and where is the dead end and you need help.

By the way, about psychological assistance Many books have been written, but none of them can replace adequate therapy in which you will learn to understand and accept yourself, just as not a single toy can replace a mother’s or father’s presence in a child’s life.

Most contemporaries suffering from depression, obsessive fears and complexes tend to look for the causes of their abnormal condition in the influence negative factors environment. Adults often don’t even suspect that the real culprits of today’s problems are childhood psychological trauma. Indeed, most of the events of young years have lost their relevance over time, crises and difficulties have lost their relevance, and those suffered in childhood are rather vaguely represented in memory. However, the consequences of childhood psychotraumas that are not perceived at a conscious level are quite firmly rooted in the subconscious, creating a specific “life program” for the individual.

Causes of childhood psychotrauma

The question of what can cause psychological trauma in adolescents and children cannot be answered objectively and unambiguously, since the interpretation and significance of any event for a person has purely individual criteria. However, it can be argued that the fragile psyche of a small personality is much more susceptible to the negative effects of the environment. What a mature person would consider an insignificant and surmountable obstacle will become a huge disaster for a child.

The only objective criterion for assessing adverse circumstances that have arisen in a child’s life may be a combination of factors: the significance of the event for the child and the strength of the emotional reaction in response to this phenomenon. Psychological trauma childhood is a traumatic event that the child interprets as vitally important. These are the phenomena about which he worries strongly and for a long time. Those circumstances that deprive you of peace of mind, mental balance and require fundamental changes in thinking and behavior.

Research conducted by psychologists among children and adolescents suggests that the most difficult events for a small person to bear are:

moral, physical, sexual violence;
death of a close relative;
own illness or illness of parents;
divorce of parents, departure of one of the adults from the family;
unexpected disruption of family relationships;
sudden alienation of a parent from a child;
betrayal, deception, injustice on the part of relatives, authoritative adults and friends;
disappointment, dissatisfaction from unfulfilled hopes;
being raised by immoral adults;
growing up in an asocial atmosphere, both in the family and in the team;
overprotection or lack of parental attention;
“oscillatory” strategy for raising a child, lack of a unified approach among parents regarding the requirements for the baby;
a quarrel with a close friend on his initiative;
a situation where a child feels like an outcast from society;
conflict in the educational team;
unfair treatment, pressure from authoritarian teachers;
excessive workload of the child with educational and extracurricular activities.

There is a version that childhood psychotrauma - common consequence wrong strategy for raising a child. The result of unconstructive life stereotypes existing in adults, which are passed on to the descendant “by inheritance.” According to this point of view, children adopt from their parents at a subconscious level formed directives regarding the rules of life: how to live, how to behave correctly, how to react in specific situations. Children unknowingly inherit the destructive “rules of the game” established by their parents, and in a burdened form.

A lot of negative attitudes have been described that create the ground for childhood psychotrauma and poison a person’s life in mature age. Let us describe some of these instructions imposed by parents.

Directive 1. “It would be better if you had not been born.”

Parents tirelessly inform their offspring about how many difficulties arose after his birth. They provide evidence of how much strength it takes for an offspring to grow up. The child’s interpretation follows: “It’s better for me to die so that my parents stop suffering.”

Adults constantly point out how beautiful, smart, and capable other children are, and how untalented and stupid theirs is. own child. This leads to small man begins to be ashamed of his individuality, tries to blend in with the faceless crowd, runs away from himself, putting on “masks” that are convenient for adults.

Directive 3. “You are already an adult, but you behave like a child.”

Parents claim that it is time for their descendant to wise up, grow up and abandon childishness. They say that he behaves very stupidly, like a baby, but it’s already time for him to go to school. As a result, the child is deprived of the most beautiful thing - childhood with age-appropriate desires, needs, and games.

Directive 4. “For us you will always be small.”

Such parents are very afraid that their baby will one day grow up and lead independent life. They do everything they can to stop his attempts to grow up, slowing him down at the level of development of a preschooler. As a result, a person simply loses the ability to think and act independently.

Directive 5. “Stop dreaming, and start acting.”

Adults deprive the child of the natural need to fantasize, daydream, and make plans. This simply kills the opportunity for the future to consider the problem from different points of view. As a result of one-sided thinking, a person commits a lot of irreparable stupidities.

Directive 6: “Stop whining and become cool.”

The order: “Stop expressing your emotions” is similar to the command: “Stop feeling.” As a result, a person pushes his feelings and experiences deep into the subconscious, subsequently acquiring various mental problems.

Directive 7. “You can’t trust anyone.”

Parents give examples that all the people around them are deceivers, liars and scammers. From an early age a person learns that any contact is fraught with fatal consequences. As a result, he withdraws into himself, because the world around him is hostile and dangerous.

What are the dangers of childhood psychological trauma: consequences

Psychological traumas of childhood significantly slow down the process of human socialization. It becomes difficult for a child to make friends, make new contacts, and adapt to the conditions of a new team.

From childhood, the ground is formed for the development of obsessive fears, for example: in which a person is simply afraid of the human community. Trauma received in childhood gives rise to a variety of depressive disorders, in which a global sense of self-guilt destroys a person’s entire life. A very common consequence of stress experienced in youth is obsessive-compulsive disorder, when a person is overcome by some illogical obsession, and he takes some kind of “defensive” actions.

Unresolved childhood problems lead to the formation of abnormal addictions, including alcoholism, drug addiction, gambling addiction, computer addiction. Psychological traumas of childhood are reflected in adulthood in the form of eating abnormalities: compulsive overeating or anorexia nervosa.

In addition to the above, the following statement is true: all personality complexes are the result of trauma experienced at a young age. It is during childhood that the formation of certain character traits occurs, which, under unfavorable circumstances, reach the size of accentuations and take the form of various personality disorders.

How to help a child survive trauma: psychological help

Most main advice all parents - to acquire a decent level of psychological and pedagogical knowledge, to choose the right strategy for raising their offspring, devoid of destructive stereotypes. The task of parents is to create a comfortable environment for the development and formation of personality, to provide all assistance in competently overcoming the difficulties encountered by the child. Do not ignore the child’s worries, but become a reliable travel companion to whom the child can tell his worries without fear or doubt. Do not leave situations to chance when changes in the child’s behavior become obvious.

At the slightest sign of the development of psychological trauma, you should visit a psychologist and jointly develop an adequate program aimed at restoring mental balance in the little person. Today, many psychotherapeutic activities have been developed for children, allowing them to develop the child’s ability to full life, eliminate barriers imposed from outside and put an end to destructive stereotypes of thinking inherent in the social environment.

Article rating:

Definition of the concept

In adulthood, unloved children themselves become parents who also do not know how to provide their children with the necessary level of support. It turns out to be a vicious circle. The baby begins to feel whether he is loved or not while still in the womb. After birth, the baby becomes stressed by losing physical contact with the mother. This loss can be compensated tactile contact and breastfeeding.

The position of an adult in society depends entirely on how confident the child is in the love of his parents. This statement can be explained very simply. At the age of 5 years, parents are the authority and support. The kid believes everything they tell him. The baby associates mom and dad with the whole world; he sees the world through their eyes. Their attitude towards the child gives or takes away mechanisms of self-preservation. If the mechanism is disrupted, in adulthood the person will be forced to look for a partner similar to one of the parents in order to fill the missing gap.

What does it lead to?

Lack of love affects self-esteem. The child perceives himself only through the prism of his parents’ vision. As they grow older, when children already have the ability to logical thinking, the behavior of parents contributes to the appearance in the brain of statements that sound like this: “if they don’t love me own parents, no one will ever love again." Over time, this stereotype becomes stronger in the subconscious and makes you feel inferior and avoid communicating with children. Not receiving signals from the world that someone needs him, the individual begins to subconsciously strive for death.

An individual, instead of concentrating on the colors of life, tries with all his might to overcome the fears, worries and complexes that have settled in his soul. Such a person spends his whole life trying to prove to the world, including himself, his importance, without believing in it one bit.

Often, having received less affection, children try to attract the attention of adults with unfavorable actions. Naturally, such actions come with punishment, and then regret from the parents, the manifestation of which the child observes in affection. Punishment after affection provokes a feeling of pleasure from negativity in the child’s brain centers, so he develops a certain line of behavior. Sometimes this behavior leads to drug addiction or alcohol addiction, the child is accustomed to being shamed for an unseemly act, and then they will regret it and take care of him, making sure that he does not do it again. In addition to psychological conflicts, physical ones also arise.

In case of shortage tactile touches the child begins to perceive his body negatively. In adolescence, this begins to manifest itself through phobias such as the fear of mirrors and cameras.

Sometimes a child stops completely caring about the state of his body, thinking that everyone is disgusted by it anyway. Disliked teenagers who place high demands on themselves believe that their body is a complete accumulation of flaws, so they urgently need to correct the shape of their nose, eyebrows, and change the color and length of their hair. We can see many such examples among the stars of world show business. Self-doubt and the pursuit of the standard of beauty contribute to the appearance on the stage of more and more stars who look like Barbie and Ken dolls.

How it manifests itself

A disliked child, having matured, will see himself as an inferior person, so the behavior of notorious people is immediately noticeable. Below we will look at 7 signs that indicate in adults children who were disliked in childhood.

Lack of trust. Dislike leaves a heavy aftertaste, therefore, becoming an adult, such a person will never trust the people around him, even his other half and children. From childhood, an individual was instilled with the understanding that one can only count on oneself.
Moral poverty. The consequences of dislike in an adult manifest themselves in the form of moral poverty. Everything a person is interested in is material values and benefits. It's hard to find people like this mutual language with other people, especially if the topic is not related to work or money transactions.
Diffidence. One of the signs of unloved children is low self-esteem. This is a complex of a man or a woman, which can lead to a whole series of nervous disorders. This is an inability to communicate, an incorrect perception of oneself, how full personality. Trying to earn love and attention, as in childhood, and suffering failures, a person withdraws into himself. He develops a fear of not meeting the expectations of others, a syndrome of overprotection. The manifestation may not be demonstrated in any way, but internal torment will always be with the individual, keeping his nerves in constant tension.
Relationships with others like you. It is characteristic of the human essence to be drawn to those who are close to it in spirit. A man who was disliked in childhood, just like a woman, will look for a soul mate similar in character to him. Relationships between people are based on partial mutual understanding, but we are not talking about the feeling of love that brings euphoria from a relationship. In such couples, the same unloved children are born, because the parents have no idea about another line of behavior that was not imposed on them from childhood.
Unreliability. Such a complex in a man very often characterizes his personality not in the most the best side. He's unreliable, which doesn't make him at all perfect couple for a woman and distances her from people. Such men rarely pay attention to the needs of others, do not fulfill their promises and can leave their other half pregnant, which can also lead to the birth of another unloved child if the mother fails to give the baby on time required amount care.
Depression. Women who were unloved in childhood often suffer from serious depressive disorders. Chronic lack of serotonin and dopamine provokes the appearance of this condition. Psychologists will not help correct the situation until a course of replacement therapy is carried out. This manifestation can also occur in men, but much less frequently.
Hypersensitivity. Increased sensitivity - characteristic many people with nervous disorders. With age, unloved children begin to position their inner experiences in complete absolute terms. Everything that happens is a nervous shock for them. Live in constant stress leads to the emergence of new mental and somatic disorders.

A disliked person shows distrust of everyone around him

Impact on the situation

In a woman or man, the syndrome of the unloved is not an incurable disease, although it requires psychocorrection. Disliked children of a conscious age must realize the depth mental trauma and take reality for granted. Your happiness is in your hands, try to remember at least one happy moment in life, your feelings and transfer this to your family.

One of the problems is the influence of upbringing and environment. In many religious and social movements, people are blackmailed through family, hinting to a person that he is inferior if he does not have a soul mate and children at a certain age. You should decide in private the purpose of having a child:

unplanned pregnancy, but it was a pity to have an abortion;
to continue the family line;
so that the family is complete;
because they wanted something more from the relationship;
to keep your soulmate;
to recover from an illness (for women);
realized that they were ready to raise children.

Think about what you want for your child and from him. Try to understand your requirements, what you and he need. Listen to your child. Children's whims, disobedience, aggression - all these may be the first symptoms of lack of attention on your part.

On the other hand, any syndrome and complex are the result misperception yourself and the behavior of others. If all the media now start broadcasting: “Our children are unloved!”, then all the children will fall into a wild panic that no one needs them.

It is important to understand how to explain to a child: what you give him is your care, guardianship and most great love. Not a single psychologist can tell you how to behave correctly with your child. To express feelings, you cannot create a specific algorithm, a schedule for “hugs,” kisses, or heart-to-heart conversations.

Do not forget that overprotection will also not be a plus in later life child, so you should know moderation in everything. Harmony in relationships and mutual understanding are the key to well-being for your child. You should treat him as an equal, and not constantly think that he will not be able to comprehend the information that you are going to convey to him.

Conclusion

Today, the problem of the development of an increasing number of mental disorders among young people is acute. The syndrome of not being loved is considered the cause of most phobic disorders. You need to understand that this syndrome can be quickly corrected. If signs of the disease appear, you should seek help from a specialist.

Popular in the category: