Staphylococcus and pregnancy what to do. Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy - symptoms, what to do

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic gram-positive microorganism of a spherical shape. This bacterium received its medical name due to the bright golden hue, which is due to the presence of a carotenoid pigment. The bacterium in a small amount is found in the composition of the microflora of each person and does not affect overall well-being. But people who develop an immunodeficiency state, in particular pregnant women, are at risk for the development of an acute purulent-inflammatory process due to the active reproduction of staphylococci. In order not to worry in vain, let's see if Staphylococcus aureus is dangerous during pregnancy and in what cases treatment is really necessary.

Staphylococcus aureus belongs to commensal microorganisms: it creates numerous colonies on the skin and mucous membranes. If you conduct a comprehensive bacteriological study, Staphylococcus aureus will be found in the lungs, armpits, vagina, mouth and nose. According to statistics, 40% of the world's population is carriers of this bacterium. Under the condition of normal immunity, the presence of staphylococcus aureus in the body does not cause any reactions.

But as soon as the immune system ceases to fully protect the body, staphylococci instantly multiply and provoke a wide variety of diseases - from skin rashes (acne, furunculosis, impetigo) to deadly conditions (sepsis, meningitis, endocarditis).

Often, Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy causes a purulent complication as a result of birth ruptures.

Staphylococcus produces aggressive toxins that cause toxic shock syndrome and food poisoning in newborn babies and immunocompromised women. And the enzyme lipase, produced by staphylococci, provokes the appearance of acne, acne and barley. In general, about 120 diseases that this bacterium causes have been identified.

Staphylococcus aureus leads the list of nosocomial infections.

S. aureus is the most environmentally resistant microorganism. It retains vitality even at a temperature of 150⁰С, when treated with alcohol, hydrogen peroxide and chlorhexidine. In addition, Staphylococcus aureus is the only bacterium that survives in the sweat glands. Due to such a high survival rate, this strain of staphylococci does not form spores.

A staph infection can sleep in the body for a long time, but there are several factors that can trigger an exacerbation of the disease:

• Any long-term non-healing skin damage: abrasions, cuts, punctures.
• Somatic anomalies: diabetes, hypothyroidism.
• Acute inflammatory process as a result of SARS, influenza.
• Lack of personal hygiene rules, especially if the woman is in the hospital.
• The presence of a woman's immunodeficiency virus.
• Regular intake of antibiotics, hormonal drugs and immunosuppressants (substances that block the immune response).

What is dangerous Staphylococcus aureus for a pregnant woman and fetus

As mentioned above, staphylococcus has an unusually high survival rate even under the most adverse conditions. It cannot be destroyed by boiling, it continues to multiply even in pure alcohol and does not react at all to disinfectants. The only and most effective destroyer of staph is our immune system. While she works, nothing threatens the woman and the fetus.

But as soon as the growth of Staphylococcus aureus colonies, which is not controlled by the immune system, begins, the bacteria become potentially dangerous for both the woman and the baby. Therefore, it is important to distinguish between the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the analysis, which is a variant of the norm, and staphylococcal infection, which is considered a pathology.

Common diseases during pregnancy caused by Staphylococcus aureus include:

1. pyoderma- purulent lesion of the skin of a woman. Bacteria cause rashes with purulent contents all over the body. It can be boils, phlegmon, acne, abscesses.
2. Acute purulent mastitis- occurs in women at the beginning of the lactation period. It can be accompanied by high fever, and often requires antibiotics and, in some cases, surgery.
3. Inflammatory process in the upper respiratory tract and ENT organs. A woman can develop bronchitis, tracheitis, laryngitis, sinusitis. Infectious conjunctivitis and otitis media may also occur. A distinctive feature of staphylococcal infection is purulent discharge from the bronchi, nasopharynx, and eyes.
4. Lung diseases - pneumonia and pleurisy. Staphylococcal pneumonia is difficult for a woman to tolerate and even more difficult to treat. The disease is accompanied by pronounced intoxication, soreness in the thoracic region, and the formation of foci of pus in the lung tissue.
5. Purulent arthritis and osteomyelitis. These diseases occur only if a woman has a history of rheumatism or surgery for snowdrifts after an injury in the past.
6. Endocarditis- inflammation of the heart membrane. It occurs with severe staphylococcal bacteremia and leads to damage to the heart valve and acute heart failure with a possible fatal outcome.
7. P food poisoning. You can recognize the disease by severe vomiting, watery stools, nausea. Poisoning passes in 2 days without complications for pregnancy.

How to suspect Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy: symptoms of the disease

Staphylococci can "settle" in any part of a woman's body, and depending on where they have taken root, a symptomatic picture will be determined.

Staphylococcal urinary tract infection

S. aureus often enters the bladder and then the kidneys. This creates a risk for the course of pregnancy, as it threatens to terminate it. Therefore, during gestation, a woman must check the urine for sterility, directing it to the sowing tank.

The following signs indicate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the urine during pregnancy:

• Violation of urination - frequent urge, problems with the waste of urine, burning.
• A sharp rise in body temperature.
• Pain syndrome.
• The appearance of blood streaks in the urine.
• Redness and swelling of the urethra, purulent eruptions around it.

Staphylococcal infection of the respiratory system

Microorganisms can affect the tonsils, pleura of the lung, bronchi. At the same time, the woman complains of general malaise, severe weakness, sweating. Depending on the localization of the staphylococcal focus appears:

• Sore throat.
• Enlarged lymph nodes.
• Suppuration of the tonsils.
• Fever.
• Dyspnea.
• Pain under the ribs.

On a note! For prevention, all pregnant women should take a swab twice to determine Staphylococcus aureus in the throat during pregnancy. In order to prevent the development of such dangerous diseases as pneumonia or laryngitis, do not neglect such a simple and painless analysis.

Staphylococcal infection of the gastrointestinal tract

The bacterium S. Aureus is able to enter the stomach with food, because it does not die during heat treatment. After 3-7 hours, a woman develops a condition similar to toxicosis: she feels sick, periodically vomits, her mouth is dry, spastic pain appears in her stomach, and diarrhea soon joins.

If vomiting lasts more than 24 hours, the woman becomes noticeably dehydrated: dizzy, blood pressure drops, skin turns pale.

Staphylococcal infection of ENT organs

Bacteria can seed the larynx, nose, maxillary sinuses, tonsils, nose, conjunctiva. Large purulent foci and high temperature are mainly noted.

Of the external signs may be present:

• Purulent green discharge from the eyes or nose.
• Persistent bad breath and nasal passages.
• Severe swelling of the tonsils.
• Acute rhinitis or conjunctivitis.
• Pain in the projection of the maxillary sinuses.

On a note! To confirm the diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus, mucus is taken from the nose during pregnancy with a sterile cotton swab, followed by a seeding tank.

Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy: how to distinguish the norm from pathology

In obstetric practice, the detection of Staphylococcus aureus in the fourth degree is considered to be a variant of the norm. In this situation, you can limit yourself to preventive measures: maintain the immune system, eat well, adhere to hygiene standards, and avoid trauma to the skin.

If Staphylococcus aureus in a smear during pregnancy is 10 4 and above, then there is a threat of developing a staphylococcal infection. Based on the results of the smear and the general clinical picture, the woman's condition is monitored or treatment is prescribed.

Important! Indicators of Staphylococcus aureus in the analysis, which exceed the norm tenfold, are the reason for the immediate appointment of antibacterial and immunostimulating therapy.

Diagnosis and treatment of Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy

Clinical signs of staphylococcal infection do not confirm the diagnosis and serve as the basis for conducting a tank of urine or purulent discharge. To do this, a nasopharyngeal swab is performed, and a portion of urine is collected in a sterile container. After that, staphylococcus is sown in the laboratory on a nutrient medium. When colonies of bacteria grow, they are immediately tested for their sensitivity to antibiotics. And only then the final diagnosis is made.

Treating a staph infection is a difficult task. This microorganism becomes resistant to antibiotics too quickly and is difficult to eradicate. Therefore, therapy should be as accurate and complex as possible.

During pregnancy, treatment is reduced to such measures:

• Reactivation of the growth of staphylococcal colonies. Antibiotics and bacteriophages are prescribed. Antibacterial drugs are selected based on the seeding tank and taking into account the gestational age. More often it is a penicillin and tetracycline series, macrolides.
• If the foci of infection have external manifestations on the skin and mucous membranes, antiseptic treatment is carried out. Suitable during pregnancy: Rivanol ointment, Lugol's solution and Fukortsin, lotions with furacilin and boric acid.
• The rehabilitation of the immune status is carried out: immunostimulating drugs containing interferon, mineral complexes, antioxidants, plant-based immunomodulators (ginseng, eleutherococcus, echinacea) are prescribed.
• With staphylococcal skin lesions, surgical removal of boils, abscesses is performed. It is forbidden to squeeze them out on your own, as the risk of sepsis and meningitis increases.

How to suspect staph infection in a newborn

If a woman is a carrier of staphylococci, she can pass the infection to her baby during childbirth or through breast milk. Since the baby's immunity is still immature, S. aureus can affect any organ.

If the infection managed to get to the child, he will have the following symptoms:

• Suppuration of the umbilical process.
• Purulent lesion of the skin.
• Acute pneumonia.
• Inflammation of the conjunctiva.
• Rhinitis.
• Enterocolitis.

In the most severe cases, the baby develops sepsis. Infected blood affects the liver, nerve center, brain. The child may develop toxic shock syndrome, meningitis, skin necrosis.

If a woman is diagnosed with staphylococcus, she should eliminate all foci of the spread of infection: cure caries, protect the skin from injury, remove purulent rashes. The first 2-3 months, until the baby is strong, you should not kiss him on the lips, cough or sneeze in her presence, lick his nipple. And, of course, a woman must strictly adhere to the rules of personal hygiene.

It is important to remember that the presence of staphylococci in a smear is not the reason for prescribing antibiotics. It is important to assess the apparent activity of the infection based on the woman's symptoms. If there are no complaints, then there is nothing to treat. Therefore, when a positive analysis appears, a woman needs to consult a competent infectious disease specialist in order to exclude treatment without significant prerequisites.

Video "Staphylococcus aureus"

You will need

• - local antibacterial drugs;
• - smears from the pharynx and nose for bacterial culture for staphylococcus aureus;
• - a qualified doctor.

Instruction

Plan your pregnancy. Any disease is easier to prevent. This rule is especially true for, because we are talking not only about the health of the mother, but also the unborn baby. Therefore, when planning a pregnancy, it is imperative to pass smears from the throat and nose for bacterial culture for staphylococcus aureus. If the tests give a positive result, the doctor will prescribe the appropriate treatment.

Take care of yourself. Healthy, strong immunity - from diseases associated with staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria surround a person everywhere throughout life: they are in dust, air, etc. However, they do not pose any threat to the health of a person with strong immunity: the body's defenses can easily cope with this microorganism. Therefore, during pregnancy, it is so important to follow the basic rules of personal hygiene: take a shower every day, wash your hands, regularly carry out wet cleaning at home. In addition, try to be more outdoors, eat a balanced diet, avoid overwork and hypothermia.

Take care. The mammary glands during pregnancy require special attention and care. Bacteria can cause mastitis, making breastfeeding impossible. Therefore, the chest must be kept in perfect cleanliness: wash with soap and dry thoroughly with a clean, soft towel or napkin.

See a specialist. Pregnancy weakens a woman's immunity, the body's ability to resist bacteria is reduced. Therefore, pregnancy should be under the constant supervision of a qualified doctor.

Keep track of your condition. In fact, any organ can become a “victim” of staphylococcus aureus, but most often these bacteria affect the genitourinary system, respiratory tract, and skin. Since staphylococci can cause serious ones (inflammation of the fetus and membranes, postpartum infections, etc.), a pregnant woman cannot be careless about her health. Sore throat or ears, cough, runny nose - a reason to see a doctor.

Do not self-medicate. If during pregnancy a bacterial culture reveals the presence of staphylococcus aureus, do not try it yourself. Unfortunately, staphylococcal infections are difficult to treat, these microbes are insensitive to antibiotics. In addition, during pregnancy, medications should be taken with extreme caution, because their effect on the fetus can be negative. Treatment of staphylococcal infections is prescribed depending on where the bacteria are found and is selected strictly individually. As a rule, local antibacterial drugs are prescribed.

Staphylococcus ... This name is familiar to almost everyone and is associated with dangerous diseases. Indeed, the bacterium can be very aggressive, while it is characterized by incredible vitality. Staphylococci can easily tolerate boiling, treatment with alcohol and other antiseptics. Not all antibiotics can cope with microorganisms of this species. Only a person's own immunity can restrain their growth.

How dangerous is Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy? How can it be detected in the throat, nose and cervical canal? How is staphylococcus treated?

Staphylococcus: many-sided and dangerous

Staphylococci are common bacteria living in the body of almost every person. Their carriers are almost 40% of all people on the planet, and these are only cases identified by doctors. The bacterium is part of the normal intestinal microflora, mucous membranes, lives on the skin. Oxygen is not needed for its vital activity, such microorganisms are called anaerobic.

Staphylococci are able to live on the skin for a long time without showing themselves. With a decrease in immunity (illness, pregnancy, stress, etc.), they are activated and provoke serious disorders. The rapid multiplication of staphylococcus inhibits the growth of beneficial bacteria, as a result of which it rapidly spreads in the body.

Experts have identified about 30 types of staphylococcus, of which only 4 are the most common:

• Golden. It poses the greatest danger to humans and is rapidly becoming resistant to antibiotics. It can cause eczema, furunculosis, pneumonia, meningitis, cholecystitis and other diseases.
• Epidermal (skin). It lives on the skin and often does not harm its carrier. When immunity is weakened, it is activated and provokes severe dermatitis.
• Saprophytic. It is found in the microflora of the female genital tract. It can enter the bladder and cause inflammation (cystitis). Compared to the previous two types of staphylococcus, it does not pose a serious health hazard.
• Hemolytic. The most common type of staphylococcus, it can exist in many organs and systems. The bacterium is resistant to most antibiotics, making it difficult to kill.

Staphylococcus aureus under the microscope

You can get a staph infection anywhere. Bacteria are present in the soil, on the surface of surrounding objects, on the skin and in the saliva of another person. The main routes of entry into the body:

• use of other people's hygiene products (towels, washcloths, bed linen, etc.);
• by air (mainly ENT infections, pneumonia);
• through food, utensils;
• with insufficient sterility of medical instruments in the hospital.

The most dangerous strains of Staphylococcus aureus are considered, the infection of which occurs in a hospital setting. The fact is that such microorganisms become highly resistant to antibiotics, it becomes very difficult to cope with them. The development of a colony of bacteria does not occur immediately, a person can be their carrier for a long time, without even suspecting infection.

The following factors can provoke the rapid development of the disease:

• decreased immunity;
• chronic diseases;
• hypothermia;
• acute viral infections;
• poor hygiene;
• antibiotic therapy.

How is the presence of bacteria in the body of a pregnant woman determined?

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To identify staphylococcus, it is necessary to timely take the biomaterial for all tests prescribed by the gynecologist, including bakposev. It is advisable to check the health even before the conception of the child and cure the existing diseases.

A general urine test is indicative, which immediately reveals the presence of staphylococcus aureus in the biomaterial. If a woman visits a doctor on time and gives urine, the infection will be detected at an early stage. The bacterium found in urine can be located in any part of the genitourinary system (kidneys, bladder, or on the genitals). As a rule, it is saprophytic staphylococcus aureus.

Depending on the localization of the inflammatory process, studies are prescribed. Usually a swab is taken from the mucous membranes of various organs, since it is there that the pathogenic bacterium lives. After the analysis, its type is determined, and depending on this, treatment is prescribed. In the nasopharynx, hemolytic staphylococcus is most often found, sometimes aureus is also present there.

A gynecological smear shows the presence of staphylococcus aureus in the vagina (and possibly in the uterus). When the diagnosis is confirmed, there is a risk of infection of the child in utero or during birth.

It should be noted that up to a certain indicator, the presence of staphylococcus in the body does not cause concern. Usually it is 10 to the 4th degree, but the rate should be clarified with the attending doctor. The reason for the excitement should be the marks in the analysis of the rapid growth in the number of bacteria. You need to visit a doctor as soon as possible and stop the development of the disease.

What threatens mother and baby with staphylococcus aureus?

The main reason why a pathogenic bacterium is activated is a decrease in a woman's immunity. As a result, staphylococcus during pregnancy begins to multiply uncontrollably and spread throughout the body. This is very dangerous not only for the expectant mother, but also for her baby.

At the first suspicion of staphylococcal infection, a woman should consult a doctor and undergo an examination. You should not wait for the symptoms to disappear on their own, and even more so self-medicate and drink antibiotics. Such tactics will drive the disease inside, it will be much more difficult to cure it.

In a pregnant woman, staphylococcus aureus can cause such dangerous diseases as pneumonia, meningitis, peritonitis, furunculosis, purulent mastitis, endocarditis, blood poisoning. Ultimately, the lack of treatment can lead to the loss of a child and death.

If the microbe is found in the urine

Staphylococcus in the urine during pregnancy is especially dangerous in the 2nd and 3rd trimester. The fact is that the uterus displaces the urinary organs with its pressure, they become an easy target for pathogenic microorganisms. As a result of stagnation of urine, pyelonephritis and cystitis develop rapidly, which not only threaten the health of the pregnant woman herself, but can also provoke premature birth or miscarriage.

You can suspect the development of the disease by the following symptoms:

• increase in body temperature;
• pain and burning when urinating;
• frequent desire to urinate;
• passing urine in small portions;
• an admixture of blood in urine;
• purulent eruptions around the genitals.

Staphylococcus in a smear

Staphylococcus aureus in a vaginal smear speaks of perhaps the most dangerous situation. The bacterium causes inflammation of the vaginal mucosa, penetrates the amniotic membranes, infecting the baby. Cloudiness of the amniotic fluid, which can be seen on an ultrasound, indicates an intrauterine infection. If the pregnancy can be saved, the infection can make itself felt after childbirth.

The consequences of intrauterine infection depend on which month it happened. In the earliest stages, a spontaneous miscarriage of the fetus occurs, while the woman sometimes does not even know about her condition. Until the 10th week of gestation, when all the organs and systems of the future person are laid down, infection provokes gross malformations that are incompatible with life. In this case, the pregnancy is also often interrupted.

From 10 to 28 weeks, a partial lesion of the child's body occurs, anomalies of its development are recorded. In the later stages, infection leads to such severe fetal diseases as pneumonia, hepatitis, encephalitis, etc. They are fully manifested after birth, and the mother and child immediately go to the neonatal pathology department. Even if intrauterine infection has not happened, the baby can catch the infection from the mother when passing through the birth canal.

Staph in the nose or throat

It is considered the safest for the expectant mother and her child, since he cannot enter the womb. Bacteria are located on the tonsils, in the sinuses, on the mucous membrane of the mouth, nose and eyes.

You can suspect infection by the following symptoms:

• purulent discharge from the eyes, nasal passages;
• increase in body temperature;
• unpleasant odor from the ENT organs;
• swelling of the tonsils;
• runny nose, lacrimation.

The final diagnosis is possible only after taking a smear and determining the type of pathogen. With timely therapy, negative consequences can be avoided. The prognosis of physicians is usually favorable.

Treatment of staph infection during pregnancy

Therapy should be carried out by a specialist who has experience working with pregnant women. The complexity of treating the infection lies in the fact that almost all medicines, especially antibiotics, are prohibited for the expectant mother. If the risks of taking medications outweigh the potential benefits, therapy is delayed until the postpartum period.

Usually pregnant women are prescribed:

• Staphylococcal bacteriophage;
• broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs (in the absence of bacteria resistance to them);
• antiseptics for the nasopharynx (Chlorophyllipt, Furacilin);
• ointments and solutions for treating foci of infection on the skin (Rivanol, Lugol's solution, Furacilin, boric acid);
• means to increase the body's defenses (Activin, Timalin);
• vitamin complexes (Vitrum Prenatal, Pregnavit).

It is not easy to cure staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy, so it is very important to follow preventive measures:

• early detection and treatment of infections;
• take care of hygiene, do not use other people's washcloths, towels, etc .;
• lead a healthy lifestyle;
• maintain immunity at a high level (eat well, play sports, temper, walk more and not overwork);
• visit the gynecologist according to the schedule, take the prescribed tests on time.

From the very birth of a person, various microorganisms settle in the body, which can cause various inflammations throughout life. The patient receives the first microflora while still passing through the birth canal. Bacteria and other organisms that have entered the body are not always harmless to humans. In some cases, their existence can cause serious illness. One of these bacteria is staphylococcal infection. Especially often it manifests itself during pregnancy, and from the stage of normal carriage it passes into the active stage with an inflammatory process.

The development of the disease due to staphylococcal infection during gestation, unfortunately, is not uncommon. It is difficult to cure inflammation caused by staphylococcus aureus, since they are insensitive to many antibiotics and take root well even with complex treatment. With such a course, they only provoke the appearance of more serious processes, when a person needs emergency medical help. To avoid dangerous consequences, it is important to know how to properly treat Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy.

Unfortunately, the development of staphylococcal infection during pregnancy occurs quite often. Most often, the development of this bacterium leads to the development of local inflammation.

This type of inflammation is more common than others. This disease can be cured under the supervision of the attending physician and with the help of drug therapy.

Another type of inflammation is general infection, when it occurs septic process.

This type of inflammation is dangerous for the expectant mother and proceeds quite hard.

In the course of the disease, there are a large number of risks that can affect the health of the mother and child.

With inflammation of this type, two subspecies are noted:

• septicemia when the pathogen enters the blood. Such a process causes fever, severe chills, nausea, vomiting and other signs of severe intoxication;
• septicopyemia, during which the infection is not easily located in the blood, but also moves. Such a process is dangerous due to the multiplication of bacteria in the blood circulation, which leads to the formation of purulent processes throughout the body.

A dangerous process during pregnancy is the development of Staphylococcus aureus. During this time, the patient feels the following symptoms:

• the formation of purulent secretions throughout the body;
• the appearance of furunculosis and carbuncles;
• severe inflammation of the mucous membranes in the nose;
• the appearance of a microbial cold;
• inflammation of blepharitis;
• the formation of conjunctivitis;
• vulvovaginitis;
• inflammation of the sore throat;
• the formation of microbial pharyngitis.

In some cases, a pregnant woman develops pneumonia, as well as kidney dysfunction.

WITH the development of staphylococcus aureus in the body of the expectant mother, the doctor usually prescribes a course of antibacterial drugs. Do not be afraid to take this kind of medication in the second and third trimester, since there is no risk factor for fetal development. At this time, the baby is under good protection of the placenta and antibiotics do not affect the health of the child.

However, it is not recommended to use antibacterial drugs without a doctor's prescription, since ignorance of side effects and contraindications can lead to detrimental consequences.

In the first trimester, it is undesirable for a future mother to use antibiotics, since it is at this time that vital processes are formed. In such a period from Staphylococcus aureus, doctors may prescribe bacteriophages.

Bacteriophages are specialized viruses that enter the bloodstream and destroy only bacterial cells. Once in the focus of inflammation, they penetrate into the infected cell and eliminate the inflamed object from the inside.

Before starting treatment, the doctor conducts several types of research, as in some cases the standard treatment is not suitable. During the diagnosis, the type of bacteria is determined under a microscope.

The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus resembles bunches of yellow or orange grapes.

This type of bacteria can be transmitted by airborne droplets, saliva, blood, dirty objects or hands.

In a normal environment, they are not dangerous, but in the case of the development of bacteria in the body, inflammation of many ailments occurs.

Keep in mind that the presence of Staphylococcus aureus during gestation is dangerous for the health of the unborn child.

These bacteria can affect any organ and cause a serious inflammatory process. In newborns, inflammation of the navel or damage to the skin can often be seen. In addition, this type of infection causes pneumonia, inflammation of the subcutaneous tissues, osteomyelitis and other serious illnesses.

For these reasons, it is necessary to cure Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy as quickly as possible. In the case of bearing a child, this type of bacteria is most often diagnosed in the throat or nose. Treatment for such localization is prescribed as follows:

1. The use of an alcohol solution of chlorophyllipt for gargling and nasopharynx.
2. Instillation of an oil solution a few drops into each nostril for ten days.
3. The course of treatment must necessarily include quartz treatment.
4. It is almost impossible to cure this type of ailment without taking antibiotics, so patients are prescribed antibacterial medicines from the group of penicillins or tetracyclines. In each case, the selection of a medication occurs after analyzing the seeding tank and taking into account the gestational age.
5. In the event of the formation of inflammation on the skin and mucous membranes, treatment with antiseptic medicines is prescribed. During pregnancy, doctors recommend using: Rivanol ointment, Lugol's solution and Fukortsin, as well as turundas with furatsilin and boric acid.
6. In the process of treatment, it is important to use medications to maintain immunity: Viferon, Kipferon, Cycloferon, Grippferon.
7. In addition, the treatment of the expectant mother includes the intake of mineral complexes and antioxidants.

If staphylococcus has affected the skin, then it is necessary to perform surgical intervention. During the operation, all neoplasms are removed for the expectant mother.

The consequences of this type of disease are uncontrollable, so it is important to determine inflammation at the earliest stages.

Be aware that a staph infection has a particularly high survival rate even under the most adverse conditions Therefore, treatment should be carried out under the supervision of specialists.

Remember that the staphylococcus bacterium can multiply even in pure medical alcohol and does not react to various disinfectants.

It is believed that The most effective way to destroy the staph bacterium is with your own immune system.

Therefore, it is especially important for a future mother to monitor her health and take a large amount of vitamins.

But in the case of the development of Staphylococcus aureus, it is important to know possible consequences.

1. Often staphylococcus leads to the formation of a purulent process on the skin. Pyoderma can occur throughout the body and causes damage to the skin with the formation of purulent discharge.
2. Often Staphylococcus aureus leads to the formation of boils and abscesses.
3. A large number of acne and other rashes also appear due to the bacterium staphylococcus aureus.
4. During the onset of lactation, a woman develops acute purulent mastitis. In case of activation of bacteria, a woman feels an increase in body temperature and other signs of intoxication. In this case, one cannot do without antibiotics, but if the process becomes uncontrollable, surgical intervention will be needed.
5. Often Staphylococcus aureus causes an inflammatory process in the upper respiratory tract.
6. In some cases, staphylococcus provokes the formation of bronchitis, tracheitis, laryngitis and sinusitis.
7. In addition, the presence of bacteria in the body causes the formation of otitis media or infectious conjunctivitis.
8. In especially severe cases, the formation of pneumonia and pleurisy is noted. This kind of inflammation is especially difficult to tolerate, but at the same time they are all amenable to standard treatment. Lung disease is accompanied by severe intoxication and acute symptoms.
9. Acute purulent arthritis and osteomyelitis. Inflammations of this kind occur in case of trauma or recent surgery.
10. Staphylococcus aureus can provoke the formation of inflammation of the heart membrane. Endocarditis leads to valve damage and severe heart failure. Such a process is dangerous for a pregnant woman with a fatal outcome.

In addition to these possible complications, the staphylococcus bacterium can cause severe food poisoning. At this time, the patient is tormented by vomiting, loose stools, fever.

Prevention of Staphylococcus aureus is a healthy lifestyle. Adhering to proper nutrition and sports, this type of bacteria is not terrible for you. In addition, it is necessary to treat teeth and inflammatory processes on the skin in time.

It is important for the expectant mother to spend more time in the fresh air, do not forget about the rules of personal hygiene and wipe the mammary glands daily.

A wide variety of microorganisms are human companions. They accompany us from birth, when the baby, passing through the birth canal of the mother, acquires its first microflora, and until the very end of life. Some of them can be both safe and harmful when the body's immune defenses are weakened. Sometimes this mutual existence develops into a disease. This is how staphylococcus can behave during pregnancy - from a carrier state to go into an active stage with the development of the disease.

Staphylococcal infection during pregnancy is not uncommon. On the contrary, there are strains so resistant to antibiotics and disinfectants that they feel good even in the intensive care unit, forming a hospital infection. But most often, the presence of such microorganisms during pregnancy does not mean the presence of an infectious process in a pregnant woman.

In total, microbiologists know about three dozen varieties of staphylococcus, but only four of them are of practical interest to medicine. These Staphylococci are facultative anaerobes, that is, they may not need oxygen for their life, but it is difficult for them to constantly live without oxygen.

Staphylococci pathogenic to humans are represented by the following species:

• The most dangerous for humans is Staphylococcus aureus. This microorganism is called a representative of the pyogenic flora. The microbe has many adaptations to resist antibiotics. Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy can be dangerous for both the expectant mother and the baby. In the event that this pathogen is isolated, then other staphylococci that were found in the same analysis can already be ignored, since their role is much more modest than that of Staphylococcus aureus.
• Epidermal, or cutaneous staphylococcus aureus. Not as dangerous as the previous representative. With a good immune status of a person, it is relatively safe. Staphylococcus epidermidis during pregnancy, which is burdened by various extragenital pathologies, can also cause purulent processes in various organs, including septic ones. To do this, it must leave the skin and enter the internal environment of the body, or inside the wound.
• Staphylococcus saprophytic. Saprophytes are harmless, as they absorb already dead, decaying material. But, as in the previous case, saprophytic staphylococcus during pregnancy can cause inflammation. The favorite localization of this pathogen is urinary tract infections, for example, cystitis, urethritis. With an ascending process, even nephritis and urogenic sepsis can occur.
• The last representative hemolytic staphylococcus. It is not as dangerous as, for example, hemolytic streptococcus. Hemolytic staphylococcus during pregnancy does not show any particular selectivity in organ damage: this pathogen can also cause various purulent processes: from conjunctivitis and blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids) to inflammation of the membranes of the heart and joints, with the development of arthritis and endocarditis.

Staphylococcus during pregnancy, as well as in other cases, can cause only two reactions to the introduction of the pathogen:

• local infection. Purulent inflammation occurs at the site of localization of the inflammatory focus, and the pathogen does not enter the systemic circulation. It is these manifestations of microbial inflammation that occur most often.
• General infection, or septic process. It proceeds extremely hard, with the most serious prognosis for the mother and child. Moreover, 2 stages of this process are distinguished - septicemia, in which the pathogen is simply in the blood, causing fever, chills and all signs of a severe infection, and septicopyemia, in which staphylococcus not only circulates in the blood, but also multiplies, forming secondary purulent foci throughout body. They, by analogy with distant metastases in malignant neoplasms, are also called purulent metastatic foci.

The most common inflammatory diseases are:

• purulent skin lesions: furunculosis, carbuncles, microbial eczema;
• mucosal damage: secondary microbial rhinitis, blepharitis and conjunctivitis, vulvovaginitis;
• tonsillitis, microbial pharyngitis, the occurrence of pharyngeal and peripharyngeal abscesses;

Sometimes there are more dangerous diseases, such as pneumonia, or kidney damage.

Staphylococcus during pregnancy is dangerous by the appearance of the following threatening situations:

• The occurrence of septicemia, septicopyemia, septic shock. This is a huge threat to the life of the fetus. Even if bacteria and their toxins have not entered the fetoplacental bloodstream, a sharp drop in pressure in the mother causes threatening hypoxia of the fetus, which can lead to its death.
• The development of peritonitis due to ascending gynecological infection.
• Infection of the membranes and tissues of the fetus.
• The development of purulent mastitis and the penetration of the pathogen into breast milk.

Symptoms of the infectious process caused by staphylococcus, as a rule, are manifested:

• redness;
• swelling of soft tissues;
• a feeling of local heat in the area of ​​​​inflammation.

The effect of staphylococcus on pregnancy is not limited to local lesions and suppuration. In the event of an infection in the internal organs, the manifestations may be specific.

First of all, you need to clearly fulfill all the requirements of the gynecologist and pass the necessary tests before conception in order to have time to fully treat the identified infection.

Consider the most frequent cases of staphylococcus in various biological material in pregnant women.

During pregnancy, staphylococcus can be found in a smear, however, only some cases should alert:

• its abundant growth (formation of colonies);
• the number of more than 1000 cells in the field of view;
• isolation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

With bacteriological culture of urine, the saprophytic variant is most often isolated. Staphylococcus in the urine during pregnancy is undesirable, especially in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. The fact is that the growing uterus can compress the ureters, as a result, pyelonephritis of pregnant women develops due to stagnation of urine in the overlying formations of the pyelocaliceal system of the kidneys. Usually, after childbirth, this condition disappears, but the presence of staphylococcus aureus can transform this process into a purulent one, which is fraught with ascending urosepsis.

The throat and nose are often referred to as the "entrance gate" of any respiratory infection. And if staphylococcus is found in the throat during pregnancy, then you should not panic ahead of time. Most often, hemolytic, low-dangerous staphylococcus aureus is isolated there, which gives an insignificant and non-aggressive growth.

In the event that staphylococcus aureus is found in the nose during pregnancy, it is also possible to achieve complete elimination of the pathogen with the help of local treatment, even if it turns out to be the most dangerous Staphylococcus aureus.

It is important to remember that the use of antibiotics is contraindicated during pregnancy. Therefore, it is much easier to cure the throat and nose than the kidneys and urinary tract. There is a rule that the use of antibiotics during pregnancy is possible only if the benefit to the mother and baby outweighs the risk. Read more about taking antibiotics during pregnancy →

Therefore, drugs without side effects are used. These drugs include a bacteriophage, or a staphylococcal killer virus. Staphylococcal bacteriophage during pregnancy is absolutely safe and highly effective.

Treatment of diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus during pregnancy should be comprehensive. So, all kinds of local treatment options are used, without the introduction of antibiotics into the blood. These include: inhalation, irrigation, douching and many other methods.

They use drugs that increase the level of the mother's immune defense and do not affect the fetus (Timalin, T-activin), multivitamins and mineral complexes.

Only in the case when there is a real threat of the spread of infection and the appearance of general reactions of the body to a purulent process, antibiotic therapy is carried out with all the precautions to minimize potential harm to the baby. Considering that some strains of Staphylococcus aureus are highly resistant to most antibiotics, it is necessary to use the most modern and expensive drugs.

Treatment of staphylococcus during pregnancy in advanced cases will be difficult and lengthy. However, it may not be required at all if, even at the stage of pregnancy planning, the expectant mother carefully checks her body, eliminates all foci of chronic infection, cures teeth, colds. It is important to observe the rest regimen, be sure to devote sufficient time to sleep. Nutrition of a pregnant woman should be complete, stress and hypothermia should be avoided.

You should regularly appear at the doctor of the antenatal clinic and follow all the instructions. Only in this case, the opportunistic flora, which includes staphylococcus, will not become pathogenic for the body of the mother and child.