Does your emotional state change during pregnancy?  The psychological state of a woman during pregnancy

Pregnancy This is a time of change, not only physical, but also emotional. During this period, women begin to feel completely different, find new meaning life, see the world in different colors. It's all because of the little life that grows in the tummy.

Many women cannot understand where during pregnancy for no reason they have is changing mood, Tears come to your eyes during the hundredth viewing of a movie that has not previously caused such emotions? Or why does rage seize sharply, and jealousy, which was not disturbing before, suddenly begins to manifest itself? One minute you feel happy, another you don’t want anything from life? And is such an incomprehensible state normal? In this article, we want to acquaint you with individual periods of mood swings.

1-2 month

Regardless of whether the first is the second or third pregnancy in a woman, at first she will feel almost the same. There are several explanations for this. First, a pregnant woman comes to understand her current situation. From now on, her life will change dramatically: to appear in the family small man requiring attention, care and responsibility, there will be less time left for herself and her career, and she will gain new profession, the best, but also the most difficult, is mom. Also, thoughts immediately arise about how to communicate this good news to loved ones and how they will react to it. All these reflections occur against the backdrop of constant fluctuations in hormones caused by pregnancy, as a result - sudden bursts of rage, irritability, or vice versa, joy and euphoria.

3-4 month

At 3-4 months emotional condition pregnant women are especially calm. This is due to the fact that she finally accepts her position and dissolves in euphoria from the knowledge that she will soon be able to hold her baby in her arms. During this period, a pregnant woman may become a little forgetful. Such a reaction is caused not only by the fact that she flies in the clouds with joy, the reason is also that during the bearing of a child, the number of cells in the brain of a woman decreases, but, fortunately, this is temporary, soon everything will return to normal. Sharp mood swings are possible, as well as irrationality in behavior, nothing strange, because the hormonal background is still in an unstable state.

5-6 month

Most often during this period, women do not feel special changes in their emotional state, perhaps because they have become more or less accustomed to everything that has happened to them over the past six months and have learned to suppress sudden outbursts of irritability in themselves. But we must not forget that pregnancy puts an additional burden on many vital organs. The load on the muscles increases, the need for blood, oxygen and nutrition increases; kidneys, heart and lungs work with additional load. In the period of 5-6 months, this begins to be especially felt, so all the same mood changes, although not so powerful, remain relevant.

7-8 month

The third trimester is a time of great excitement for women. No wonder, because during this period she is “the most pregnant” - with a large round tummy, sparkling eyes and full of love and maternal care in the heart. A woman constantly thinks about the child, worries that he feels good and is born healthy and strong. And if on early dates pregnancy, it was possible to get a little distracted by thoughts from the crumbs, but now he constantly reminds of himself, kicking his mother with his legs. In addition, a pregnant woman is worried about how she will endure childbirth, and how she will get in shape afterwards. All this, of course, affects her emotional state. In addition, the forgetfulness inherent in pregnant women continues, irrationality in behavior too. Often women have a desire to surround themselves with everything bright and shiny.

9 month

This is the most exciting and hectic month throughout pregnancy. After all, a woman understands that every day brings her closer to herself. important meeting with your beloved child. Pregnant women during this period are characterized by increased anxiety.

To stabilize the emotional state of a pregnant woman, attention and understanding from relatives and friends are necessary, as well as the acceptance that such a state is normal and, if you do not fall into depression and violent outbursts of emotions, then it will not bring any harm to the baby. Nature has thought of everything and instability in the mood of a pregnant woman is a positive experience for the child, so he begins to prepare for real life with all its problems and anxieties, without it, children would simply be born unprepared. Therefore, relax and enjoy your position, and nature will take care of everything itself.

I think that all of you have heard one way or another that pregnant women should not worry and worry. The fact that all the emotions of a pregnant woman are transmitted to the child.

There is truth in these words. However, in most cases, the interpretation of these words takes on a very simplified, and, unfortunately, often even harmful form. Now I am talking about those situations when the pregnant woman herself and her entourage understand this “you can’t worry”, how you need to ignore, ignore or suppress “negative” emotions. And often pregnant women become hostages of these installations. Conflict situation at work, tired, quarreled with her husband, mom calls for the fifth time in a day ... no, don’t get angry, don’t be offended, it can harm the child, smile, only positive ... As if, becoming pregnant, a woman loses the right to difficult emotions, which are already tabooed by our society, and even more so during pregnancy, since the woman now has added responsibility for the life, health and development of the baby.

It takes a lot of strength and resources to suppress and not experience "negative" emotions. In fact, it still doesn't quite work. A sense of guilt and fear are added that, experiencing something there, harmed the child. Unfortunately, this is a scenario familiar to many during pregnancy. Is it so? How true are these settings and what to do about it?

Let's figure it out. Did you notice that I put the word "negative" in quotation marks? You may have already heard or read that emotions are neither positive nor negative. I ask you once again to try to hear and experience the fact that negative emotions can not be. I am now focusing on this, because I am faced with the fact that many women, turning to me for advice and knowing this fact very well in theory, still do not let it inside themselves. And they continue to fight with their anger, resentment, guilt, fear.

Naturally, each of us has our own reasons from childhood and family system in which we grew up. And yet. Emotions are just emotions, they are not good or bad. Emotions are markers of your needs. Emotions accompany the emergence and cycle of satisfaction or dissatisfaction of needs. Every emotion is good and necessary. It is natural to get angry when your boundaries are violated, be it psychological, physical, temporal, territorial, or any other. It's natural to feel disgusted when you have too much of anything in contact with a person (his scent, his concern, his expectations of you, etc.).

Just like any other emotion. Ignoring and suppressing those emotions that are given specific society or are classified as "negative" by a person, does not entail anything but additional tension and somatization of these emotions.

When, for example, there seems to be no anger, but just a sore throat often. Or, "I have no fears, I'm not afraid of anything", that's just the uterus in good shape all the time.

The worst thing you can do when you get pregnant is to start ignoring most of your life trying to catch that ghostly positivity and be in it 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

During pregnancy, it is absolutely normal to experience a whole range of emotions. Emotions are represented in our body in the form of hormones. The hormones of a woman come to the child with blood. A child needs different hormones to grow and develop. And it’s good if the whole spectrum of hormones and emotions is presented, if already in utero the child gets the experience that adrenaline, norepinephrine, etc. We feel that after stress comes relaxation.

Pregnancy- it's not a disease. This is not an emotional illness. There is no need to stop and stop experiencing your life if you become pregnant.

What then do these words mean that pregnant women should not worry? Do they make sense?

To answer these questions, I need to tell you a little about the psychology of pregnancy. During pregnancy, the subcortical structures of the brain begin to work more actively, which means that the sensitivity and emotionality of a woman increase. And this is what often happens during pregnancy. If in a woman’s life there is some aspect of reality that she was quite able to ignore and “put up with” in a non-pregnant state, during pregnancy the same situations begin to evoke emotions and feelings that can no longer be ignored. For example, if before pregnancy it was quite possible to live “normally” with her husband, despite the lack of spiritual intimacy, pleasure and diversity in sex, the presence of constant abuse and disrespect for personal boundaries, with her mother, despite the frequent devaluation of personal differences, lack of respect and instructiveness, etc. .d. etc., then, having become pregnant, pain, resentment, anger, despair, unfortunately, or, fortunately, will still attract attention.

And again, the worst thing you can do is try to keep ignoring.

As I said, the emotional state of a pregnant woman differs from her non-pregnant state in the direction of greater sensitivity. Emotions seem to be more on the surface, closer, brighter, more changeable. This is natural during pregnancy. it female growth and development in the knowledge of one's feminine. It's expanding the boundaries emotional sphere. However, for many women this becomes challenging task and they make desperate attempts to collapse into a previous non-pregnant state in which everything is already known and adjusted. Usually attempts to stop Life and development do not lead to anything good.

By virtue of all of the above, in the state of pregnancy, a woman becomes more vulnerable, more vulnerable. Often habitual defense mechanisms stop working as smoothly as they did before pregnancy. Some psychologists say that pregnancy is a regression to what is usually called a child's condition. I don't really like this wording, but some might like it. I am more impressed by paying attention to those phenomena that are more pronounced in women during pregnancy: greater vulnerability, vulnerability, tearfulness, the need for security, a greater need for care and rest, a greater need for emotional intimacy.

What do we have? During pregnancy, a woman becomes more emotional and more vulnerable. And at the same time, the One whose life continues to happen in the same way (and as you know, life is different, and a variety of events happen in it, including death, loss, separation, moving, etc.) and whose defense mechanisms of the psyche no longer work so effectively. The one that experiences life more vividly and needs more protection and support.

The best option is when a pregnant woman, oh, God, no, in any case, DOES NOT worry ... when a pregnant woman EXPERIENCES all her feelings, emotions, new sensations and has support in this. When her feelings and emotions are not devalued or judged. When she can cry to someone and share her fears with someone. With those who are in contact with her. With someone who is not afraid of her feelings, emotions, her condition and her vulnerability. With someone who is simple and at the same time very difficult, he can live his life next to a woman who carries a child under her heart, while remaining alive, experiencing her and himself with all the innovations that are born in this contact.

It's great if a pregnant woman has close people who have the qualities that I described above. Husband, mother, sister, friends. I see it as a task, including for myself, to develop a culture of pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period in our country and to form a community of perinatal specialists who can help women at this difficult and at the same time very beautiful life stage.

Why am I talking specifically about another living person, next to the pregnant woman? Because the experience takes place in contact. Out of contact, alone, without the ability to experience, emotions are not experienced, but stuck, when the next touch or immersion in complex emotions brings nothing but a new round of old pain. And then really, it's time to talk about possible harm the hormones that are released.

Therefore, I want to encourage women, especially pregnant women, those who will be pregnant to ever take care of their emotional sphere. Do not ignore, do not suppress, do not act out in the usual patterns, but look for an opportunity to survive. Learn to experience difficult emotions while remaining resilient. This is exactly the kind of experience that is good for the child inside. Experience that fear (adrenaline), anger (norepinephrine) and all other complex, stressful emotions are experienced. That it ends. That mom can handle what happens in life, which means I can handle it too. So the world is good and safe for me, no matter what happens in it.

A pregnant woman and her husband should know the features different periods pregnancy and, if possible, take them into account in family life.

For anyone who has ever encountered a pregnant woman, it is no secret that her character is changing, and quite strongly.

But if this pregnancy for you and your whole family - the first, then you may be surprised and even shocked by how much the psyche changes future mother.

many traditional cultures(for example, Chinese, Indian, Roman) was quite typical special treatment to pregnant women.

Created for them special conditions, as they would say now - perinatal clinics, in which the expectant mother was surrounded only by beautiful things, sounds, even smells. It was believed that a calm, aesthetically sustained atmosphere could harmonize internal state pregnant woman - both physical and mental, mental.

Setting and psychological climate big city often far from ideal conditions, which our ancestors aspired to, and which many literate future parents are striving for now. But the pace of the big city - ragged, nervous, oversaturated - still makes itself felt. There are too many things around us - impressions, the most miscellaneous information, people, with their contradictory internal states.

Often all this does not contribute to the calm, harmonious mood of a pregnant woman.
Let's try to imagine the dynamics of the emotional state of a pregnant woman, linking the changes taking place in her psyche with such a tangible thing as the gestational age.

First trimester

Big changes

It happens that a woman does not yet know about her pregnancy, but already feels that something is happening to her. Moreover, for most women, the changes in the first trimester of pregnancy are by no means simple.

Many pregnancy experts consider the first trimester to be revolutionary.
Too much changes in the metabolism, and in the hormonal status, and in the physiological, and of course, in the psychological sensations.

There is still much to get used to: for example, changing taste preferences, may begin to like a completely different color scheme and music of those genres that previously did not evoke a response.

In my opinion one of significant factors that determine the psychological state of a pregnant woman is early toxicosis.

It is very difficult to enjoy life and be pleasant in communication when you feel sick almost all the time, and that’s all. familiar products stink unbearably. (I apologize for the harshness of expressions).

More than a third of women who perceive the world through a veil of nausea for the first three months.

As a rule, overt toxicosis is associated with depression, mood swings and even depression.

You can’t call a calm first trimester in any way. An experienced midwife I know said that the situation of the first three months of pregnancy is revolutionary. This is when "the tops cannot, but the bottoms do not want."

And to realize the fact that soon enough to become a mother is not easy for everyone. Moreover, the child can be planned, and even long-awaited - but the human, and especially the female, psyche is arranged in such a way that it takes time to realize and accept pregnancy.

And you should not condemn yourself and execute yourself for the minutes of confusion and anxiety in those first hours and days when you just found out that you are pregnant.

A good, in my opinion, way to talk with friends, acquaintances, women who have already given birth. And from many women who have gone through the path of pregnancy and become good mothers, you will definitely hear about difficult attitude to pregnancy at the beginning.

The fact that you were not immediately happy does not mean at all that you will not love the child, and that you will not become a mother at all, but a viper.
Just give yourself (and, of course, the baby's father) some time. You get used to big things gradually. And this tiny child inside you is very big event.
The main task of a pregnant woman is to accept the fact of pregnancy at least by the end of the first trimester and begin to actively enjoy it.

Everything is disgusting:
Speaking more loyal medical language, which does not reflect the essence of the process - a woman changes taste preferences and there are quirks. In one of the eastern languages ​​there is even a special word for the whims of a pregnant woman.

It would seem that what is the connection with the psyche - solid physiology.

But if in the morning you can’t drink your favorite coffee with pleasure simply because you feel sick, this can be just a blow to the foundations of life.

You feel that some side of life is slipping away from you and you can’t habitually enjoy the taste of your favorite food. What used to bring pleasant taste sensations is at times a real flour, and you don’t feel like eating anything.

It will take a few weeks, and you will be quite comfortable with these changes.
True, I have not had to meet people who would like the state of toxicosis.
Increased sensitivity to smells and its effect on the psychological state:
A pregnant woman may feel strong and unpleasant odors everywhere. The refrigerator stinks especially, and sometimes the food being cooked.
Favorite perfumes and smells of close acquaintances may become disgusting.

Toxicosis can sometimes spread to the husband.

Irresistibly want to sleep:
Sleep comes in a huge wave and covers you. You sleep very deeply, sometimes so deeply that it is difficult to wake up. Sleep can be dreamless, but you can also have amazingly vivid dreams.

In general, if you sleep - sleep well. "The soldier is sleeping, but the service is going on." Many discomfort and the experiences of the first trimester of pregnancy are easily treated with sleep.

Mood swings:
The emotional state of a pregnant woman in the first trimester is rather uneven.
Happy, euphoric states are replaced by periods of depression and depression. These mood swings are usually not good reason. External events are often just an excuse to go outside. strong emotions.

Do not be alarmed or surprised by these mood swings - they are due to drastic changes your hormonal status.

Sometimes there is confusion, uncertainty about the future, a feeling that you can not cope:

It can be difficult to get used to the idea that very soon your life will change, that the next summer you won't be able to plan as usual. The thought of those new things and events that are coming to you can cause uncertainty.

Uncertainty on many everyday issues also does not add confidence. Indeed, often the relationship between the future father and mother is determined and formalized precisely with the onset of pregnancy.

Second trimester

Quiet mid-pregnancy:

Getting used to the "new format" of your body.

For many who are accustomed to taking care of themselves, future mothers, a change in the volume of the waist and hips causes mental shock. varying degrees gravity. Of course, you guessed that your figure would change, and even expected it. But when suddenly your favorite skirt or trousers become small - this is a surprise.
Accept and love the changes in your body, feel beautiful and loved in a new way - this is what you should strive for in the second trimester of pregnancy.
Changes in attitude towards the physical side of love:
A child grows inside you - a whole person - and few sensations remain the same. This is especially true of gender relations.
Being alone with your husband, you will again and again feel that someone else is with you. And for some couples, these feelings can interfere.

Jumps in the level of self-esteem:

Often, the expectant mother can feel almost like a queen, and in the next moment - an uninteresting Cinderella.
Euphoria is replaced by doubt.
The pendulum of the hormonal background of pregnancy swings.
Often, waves of strong emotions roll over unimportant reasons.
You need to accept these changes in yourself, as you accept the movements inside you as a child.

Amazing calm and harmony:

If all the changes mentioned above have taken place, the pregnant woman has every opportunity to simply enjoy life, herself, the child, listen to new sensations and enjoy her new states.
In many cultures, a woman with a rounded belly is a symbol of beauty, harmony, and the fullness of life.

In the middle of pregnancy, you can experience states of blissful peace, wholeness, harmony.
Cherish these moments.

third trimester

Dive into yourself

Those psychological features and the conditions that occur at the end of pregnancy have a "main theme line" of introspection.

If everything in the family is safe, if a woman is sure that pregnancy is not a disease, and childbirth is not surgery if the support of close and attentive doctors is obvious, changes occur in the emotional world of a pregnant woman, and they are very important for subsequent harmonious motherhood.

In the last two months of pregnancy, you can regularly observe how a pregnant woman seems to be sensitively listening to something inside herself.
And there is something to listen to - after all, at this time, the movements of the baby in the stomach are very, very noticeable.

The concept of "binary psyche of a pregnant woman" perfectly explains many conditions of the end of pregnancy. Mom is gradually getting used to the fact that she is not alone. And this someone inside her now obviously has his own desires. Sometimes he doesn’t let him fall asleep, pushes and spins, and sometimes he wants to sleep irresistibly, because the baby in his stomach fell asleep. The rhythms of sleep and wakefulness in mother and baby are connected. But the baby sleeps much more, and this can cause increased drowsiness in the mother.

Immersion in inner feelings:
Suddenly you are distracted and focus on the movements of the baby inside your womb. And it is these, sometimes not at all strong movements, that become the most important thing in the world for you. As if the focus of the setting changes (like a camera or video camera), and what is inside you becomes distinct, and the rest of the world, as it were, loses its sharpness. It becomes irrelevant.

Dreams and fantasies about the future child:

Often a pregnant mother can think and guess - what will he be like, this little man, whom no one has ever seen or held in his arms.
These thoughts may interfere with sleep or be expressed in vivid colorful dreams.

Decreased sociability:
You may stop wanting to visit noisy companies, museums and exhibitions. This is normal, and is associated with an increasing focus on the house and the unborn child.
Do not be afraid of reducing sociability, and overpower yourself. Just everything has its time
And vice versa, there may be a desire to do everything, complete and transform:

Many pregnant women on the most last dates suddenly there is tremendous activity - as if a jet engine was turned on.

I want to finish everything, do everything, surpass myself.
The approaching birth is like a mountain range, and what lies behind it is unknown, despite all active training.
Therefore, I want to do everything here and now, while you are still on this side.
This is a good rush, but it is important not to drive yourself and others around trying to finish repairs, finish your diploma or quarterly report.

An overtired woman may not have the strength to give birth.

Therefore, measure the load with the amount of time and effort.

Instinctive avoidance of everything unpleasant, ugly:

A woman at the end of pregnancy instinctively avoids difficult situations. Intricate relationships, spectacles overloaded with strong effects.
The expectant mother has a clear sense of "right" and "wrong". And the cat of the wrong one almost feels sick - as during toxicosis.

Increased psychological fatigue, avoiding unnecessary impressions is only one of the reasons why a woman moves away from everything inharmonious.
You have just regained your natural sense of proportion.

Learn to trust your intuition, sense of proportion and taste. This will help you a lot in the first months of your baby's life.

Nesting instinct:
All or almost all of the interests of a pregnant woman in recent weeks before childbirth, they focus around the house - around the hole, where the cub will soon appear.
Moreover, such a period can be experienced even by the most homeless and mismanaged persons, for whom household has always been a burden.

Pronounced changes in intellectual activity:
99% of women experience serious difficulties in thinking strictly, consistently and relatively quickly logically in the last 2 months of pregnancy.

A few words to actively working expectant mothers

The main changes in the emotional palette of a pregnant woman:
There are changes that are common to most pregnant women. They may appear on the most different terms pregnancy, with different intensity.
If you have not shown any of what is listed in this article, then you are just that happy exception that confirms the rule.

Qualities of the psyche of a pregnant woman that can make life difficult:

Sentimentality:
Tears can appear from the most insignificant experiences and impressions, in those places in books and movies in which you have never cried before.
Do not be ashamed of your tears - this has already increased the overall emotional sensitivity which will help you understand your baby in the future.

Anxiety:
Anxiety that comes up periodically is most often associated with the thought “Something might be wrong” - with the baby, with the course of childbirth, with family relationships. It is necessary to be able to cope with anxiety, and each pregnant woman does this in her own way. It is worth remembering that the presence of anxiety is absolutely normal. So, don't worry about worries!

Suggestibility:
Often the words of another person, spoken with authority and inner strength, produced on a pregnant woman indelible impression. If you know this feature behind you - try to take your husband with you to all sorts of "difficult" places, feel free to use his protection, be married.

Resentment, tendency to unmotivated tears:
These “nothing” tears can frighten and perplex your loved ones. It is worth treating these “precipitations” as calmly as possible.
The best way- remember your, as a rule, far from calm state before menstruation. Treat these “precipitations” as short-lived.
Try to be distracted, switch attention, do not get stuck in a tearfully offended state.
Do not give your husband a reason to think that your character is irreparably spoiled.
Men endure brief "grievances" of pregnant wives easily. Protracted - much worse.
Don't attach great importance such insults. They arise from scratch and are only a projection of your inner state.

Strengths emotional world pregnant woman:

Sensitivity and Intuitiveness:
A pregnant woman is like a sensitive sensor that captures emotions from the state of other people.
Opportunities for empathy and empathy in pregnant women are much better than in all other people.

Manifestation of creative abilities:
A mother expecting a child, unexpectedly for herself and others, can begin to draw, sew original clothes write poetry and even music.
Variety Creative skills can make themselves felt during pregnancy.
And science does not yet know that the reason for this is the first manifestations of talents intrauterine child, or the reliable fact that, starting from the middle of pregnancy, the activity of the right hemisphere of the brain increases in a woman. And the right hemisphere is traditionally associated with fantasy creativity.

A special relationship to her husband and home, a manifestation of design abilities:
The expectant mother suddenly becomes interested and important in many things that earlier, moving at a fast pace of a big city, could lack attention, time and energy.
You become extremely indifferent to the situation in your home. A lot of thoughts are caused by the task of the situation and colors Total living space that you are planning for a child.
Design ability in last trimester pregnancies flourish.

And the psychological state of a pregnant woman depends on the feeling of comfort or discomfort around.

May appear Attentive attitude to her husband and the desire to take care of him, almost maternal.
It is good if you manage to strengthen and make your relationship saturated during pregnancy. After all, the first months of your baby's life may require both of you to immerse yourself in completely different things and concerns.
Let the period of pregnancy (at the end of toxicosis) become a real “honey semester” for you. This reserve of tenderness for each other will be very, very useful to you.

What should not be forgotten:

• Remember that mother and baby are connected by a single hormonal current through the placenta, which means that the baby knows all the basic states and emotions of the mother, as they say, from the inside.
• Remember that an unborn child is “made” with a large margin of safety, and a single stressful situation cannot harm him. Only systematic, day-to-day repetitive stress can cause any developmental or physical well-being baby. This means that systematic stress should be avoided as much as possible both at home and at work.
• If you find it difficult to give up one or the other bad habit, or an activity that may not be useful for the unborn child - think that 9 months of pregnancy is such a small period of time (although often it seems huge). And it is in these 9 months that the prerequisites are laid

What situations should be avoided:

• Watching aggressive TV shows, and just too scary or strong stories is not the best activity for a pregnant woman.
• Overwork of all kinds and chronic stress of a pregnant woman are contraindicated.

What should be done:

• It is important to secure the support of reliable and calm specialists in the management of pregnancy and childbirth as early as possible. This will help you feel like you are in good hands and in control.
• Try to find time for good rest, and. last but not least, full-fledged walks.
• To understand that systematic overload in work (study) is not at all what is useful for the psyche of a future mother and a prenatal child.

Finally:

• Many women enjoy the state of pregnancy. It seems to them very comfortable psychologically and physically.
• Almost all pregnant women are beautiful both externally and internally.
• Those future mothers who managed to accept and love the changes that pregnancy brings with it simply glow from the inside.
• And there are no women whose psychological state would not be changed by pregnancy.
• We highly recommend that you familiarize the future dad with the materials of this article, and in general all the relatives with whom you closely communicate.
• Your husband will never be able to figure out a lot of things himself simply because he is not a pregnant woman, and he does not even have those internal organs that would help him understand your conditions.

Psychologically, the future dad needs much more intellectual and emotional stress to become closer to the process of pregnancy, closer to the "non-idle" wife and unborn child.

I would like to say that one should not think that all these truly volcanic changes will pass by themselves after childbirth.
The psyche of a nursing mother and her emotional states are completely special topic, but many of the changes that have occurred to a woman during pregnancy persist during breastfeeding.
Moreover, almost all changes during pregnancy are internal preparation for motherhood, a unique “school for mothers”, the program of which was written by the Creator himself.
Carrying a child and being a mother is very interesting.

Ekaterina Burmistrova,

child, family psychologist. (Published in My Child Magazine, No. 11, 2008.)

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Each woman differently accepts the child growing in her. And, at the same time, a woman accepts each child differently. Pregnancy for pregnancy is not necessary even for the same mother. We are changing, the perception of the world around us is changing, the world itself is changing. Therefore, every time we are different, and different children we give birth to.

Of course, everyone knows that pregnancy must be spent contemplating the beautiful, thinking about the eternal, in peace and joy. But does any of us succeed? modern women? We are living people, we are overwhelmed with emotions, we are overwhelmed with feelings, and we cannot have an ideal pregnancy in an imperfect world. The question is how to relate to these experiences! If it's just emotional instability pregnant, it is best to treat her with humor.

Start over.

For the health of the unborn child, the mother needs positive emotions and the absence of stress. Then what is needed to make a pregnant woman laugh and rejoice?

Basically, nothing special:

remind her husband a couple of times a day that he loves her,

that he also loves his child - to show interest in the lifestyle of his pregnant wife (which means taking responsibility for walks before bedtime, evening massages, freshly squeezed juice in the morning, nuts and fruits in a vase on the table and attending classes together in a swimming pool)

But what is most terrible - in order for a pregnant woman to burst into tears and fill with tears all the surrounding hollows and hollows, nothing special is needed either!

It is quite normal for a pregnant woman to boil over nothing, cry for the same reason and laugh the same way - not seeing anything funny.

What should men do if all their efforts and worries lead to the opposite results?

It would be completely wrong to be offended and go with friends to drink beer. It is necessary to treat your wife like a child, comforting which is almost impossible, but necessary. In no case should you torment a woman with the question: “Darling, what happened?”

Yes, nothing happened! There is no answer to this question while waiting for the baby!

This is normal for a physiological pregnancy! After a certain period of time, she will throw herself on your neck with the assurance that it is with you that she is infinitely happy.

But if there is no concern on your part, then it will not rush. It's one thing to cry about nothing. And then, as if nothing had happened, ask: “Poor thing! You probably didn't get enough sleep today? Did you run for flowers, did you make juice? And it’s a completely different thing, when a tear rolled down again, to think that no one gave flowers, squeezed juice - that means he doesn’t love me, and in general no one needs me, etc. And having wound yourself, and even not without a reason, to cry and cry forever.

You can joke about it. It is only necessary to remember that every tear brings suffering to your child, who lives inside with mother's emotions. And if we also take into account that his heart beats 2 times faster than ours, then he lives in his dimension for a much longer period of time in tears than we are here, outside.

I will give examples of real family situations where wise dads diverted streams of tears from their future children with thoughtful and beautiful deeds. You can’t call them indifferent husbands!

Remember the fairy tale about the ax that hung in the basement and scared the whole family with the possibility of falling on the head of the unborn child, when there was no pregnancy yet? The situation is one on one!

This all happened after a massive attack with massages, walks, flowers, etc. The reason was the TV. The program about the next hostilities made a strong impression on the expectant mother. With the words: “That’s how you give birth to a boy, and then he will be taken into the army, and he will end up in the war zone ... !!!” she gave herself up to sobs. All the assurances of the future father that he might not end up in this area, or maybe the girl would be born at all, did not lead to any result. The husband felt homesick, and it already began to seem to him that the ax would certainly fall on his head, when a minute later he heard a deep breath and an amazing phrase: “Oh, well, okay! Will you drink tea?" This was repeated several times. He realized that pregnancy is a diagnosis. However, the television was replaced by guitar songs, reading and discussion of carefully selected literature. After a while, he honestly admitted that there were fewer tears and life became easier.

The second situation was quite funny.

Coming from work future dad to the question: “Will you eat?” - answered that he had a snack at work, so he was not hungry. He did not expect the consequences. The range of accusations was too wide. He went from being bad husband he deliberately makes his wife laugh in front of the whole team when he eats before leaving home, to the point that he never loved her at all and did not want a child. Thinking about how to avoid a repetition of this, dad came to the conclusion that a joint dinner was necessary. And so that both sides were ready for him, he began to call back and find out the situation with neutral phrases: “Have you cooked dinner yet?” If the dinner was ready, he was full of praise, and if not, he said: “How good! And I just wanted to invite you to dine in one chic place!

Thank you from the bottom of my heart to such dads, who not only can console and reassure, but are even able to remove the reasons for tears! It just needs to be stated that dads who are expecting their first child are doing such things. When a woman is waiting for a second, etc. child, they still make fun of the emotional instability of pregnant women more than they help to cope with it.

Of course, we are women and we ourselves are already experienced and we understand what the state of pregnancy brings with it. We try our best to control ourselves. Tears are no longer shedding. But the fact of the matter is that they do not pour only from the outside. But from the inside they continue to disturb the child. Unfortunately, there are more significant reasons for this.

Rather, we acquire more solid skills in finding causes. It is already clear to ourselves that it is ridiculous to sob over trifles, but it is not possible to restrain sobs. Then an accusation is brought against the husband, more like not only good reason for tears, but also for a clear desire to ignite conflict and offend. After all, it is always clear that "... the least love goes to our most beloved people."

Men, God bless you! In this case, it is important to remember that this is the same "dinner" or "ax".

Only in subsequent pregnancies is it already more sophisticated. These are the same female hormones fireworks scattered over the body. Here you can only hope that you have accumulated wisdom, so as not only not to fall for the bait of discord yourself, but also to stop your wife. And then she immediately believes in what she says.

But now in your hands already emotional nutrition not just one child! This will also leave its mark on the elders. remember simple recommendations at the beginning of our conversation. Feel free to once again say that the whole family is loved by you. The same juices, massages, walks and flowers will help your wife to smile again, and your children to be carefree happy in a strong and loving family.

Happiness and smiles to you!

Introduction

Chapter 1. The emotional state of a woman during pregnancy

1.1 Pregnancy and its impact on a woman's emotional state

1.2 The concept of neuropsychic stability

1.3 The concept of anxiety. Causes of women's anxiety during pregnancy

Chapter 2. Methods for studying the emotional sphere of a woman during pregnancy

Chapter 3

Conclusion

Bibliographic list

Application

Introduction

Peculiarities mental state women during pregnancy have attracted the attention of specialists for many years. At the same time, both the emotionally negative role of pregnancy and the positive one are noted. O favorable influence Hippocrates wrote about pregnancy.

During pregnancy, a woman's psyche changes, her attitude towards others, a pregnant woman reacts in a special way to external and internal stimuli. The psyche of a pregnant woman is filled with her own own feelings, it affects the function of the neurohumoral system, neurotrophic metabolism, as well as the synthesis of enzymes and other biochemical parameters. To a large extent, the reactivity of the whole organism of a woman changes, including the mental form.

Like all times of intense change, pregnancy presents us with new, sometimes quite difficult challenges. The very fact of its onset often makes you experience a whole storm of emotions, which is difficult to understand. Emotions come completely different, contradictory, even if a woman planned a pregnancy, anticipated and waited. Often in the representation of pregnancy is happy time, devoid of worries and problems, but in reality it turns out that along with its onset and quivering joy comes anxiety, fear of changing life, relationships in the family and with her husband, regret about something unfinished. At the same time, the woman continues to live her life, full of different experiences, problems. The situation may look even more difficult when the pregnancy is unexpected, and the family situation is not as stable as it could be. From the point of view of physiology, the beginning of pregnancy is also a difficult time: a powerful hormonal restructuring takes place in the woman’s body, the rate of formation and development of the child is very high, all this affects the well-being of the expectant mother

The problem of motherhood and, in particular, such milestone preparation for motherhood as pregnancy in the scientific literature is not very fully represented, attention has been paid to it only in the last decade and consideration of this problem can be found in a limited number of authors (Filippova G.G., Meshcheryakova, S.Yu., Brutman V.I. , L. Stone, L. De Maus, E. Shorter, D. Pollock, F. Aries, J. Kagan, M. S. Radionova, E. Badinter, V. A. Wagner, N. A. Tikh, E. Erickson, D. Winnicott, M. Mahler.)

Would like to note relevance studying the problem of changes in the emotional sphere of a woman during pregnancy.

Hypothesis of our study: the emotional sphere of a pregnant woman is characterized by emotional instability, increased anxiety.

aim Our study is to study the characteristics of the emotional state of women during pregnancy.

object studies are women different ages during pregnancy.

Subject of study- features of the emotional sphere of a pregnant woman.

To achieve the goal of the study, we set the following tasks:

1. study the literature on the problem of the emotional sphere of a pregnant woman

2. to study the level of neuropsychic stability and the level of anxiety of pregnant women and women who are not pregnant.

3. to analyze the relationship of neuropsychic stability and the level of anxiety with future motherhood.

To achieve our goals, we used the following methods:

1. From the organizational level, they chose the comparative method, since they compared anxiety and neuropsychic stability of pregnant women and women who are not pregnant.

2. From empirical methods, we used the method of determining the level of "neuropsychic stability" and "anxiety level" by J. Taylor

3. for mathematical data processing, the U - Mann-Whitney test was used

The study of pregnant women was conducted on the basis of maternity hospital No. 7.

The study was carried out in individual form. The study involved 15 pregnant women (ages 18 to 39) and 15 women who are not pregnant (ages 18 to 40).

Chapter 1: The emotional state of women during pregnancy: theoretical approaches to the problem

1.1 Pregnancy and its impact on the emotional state of women

Pregnancy is a very special time constant change, transformations. The process of development and growth of the child takes place in the mother's uterus, and the woman herself changes during pregnancy and childbirth - she becomes a mother, comprehends her female destiny. This process of transition to motherhood takes place at all levels: physical, mental, emotional, the body and soul of a woman is transformed. Hormonal background pregnancy can lead to frequent mood swings, increased anxiety, changes in libido, fatigue and tearfulness, and other unexpected emotional changes. Sometimes quite a lot of tests delivers to a woman her general life situation. All this that happens inside and around a pregnant woman often requires a lot of effort from her. At this time, the quality and sufficiency of the support that a woman receives is very important, it may turn out to be in demand professional help psychologist, midwife or experienced woman, past the experience of bearing and giving birth to a child.

The study of the psychological state of women during childbearing (V.I. Brutman, A.Ya. Varga, M.S. Radionova, G.G. Filippova, I.Yu. Khamitova and others) suggests that pregnancy has its own , its inherent dynamics of exacerbation and weakening of a woman's problems. In the first trimester, problems with one's own mother and other objects of affection, problems of relations with her husband are actualized, and acutely experienced. In the second and third trimesters, a pronounced avoidance of negative emotions appears, the problems of the first trimester are clearly weakened, the fear of childbirth and incompetence in the postpartum period become relevant. At the beginning of the third trimester, the “nest arrangement syndrome” is expressed, which manifests itself in an increase in activity, the desire to streamline existing problems. The direction of activity during this period is to prepare for childbirth and postpartum period correlates with favorable dynamics of the course of pregnancy and the value of the child, activity not related to the child - with unfavorable dynamics. By the end of pregnancy, the fear of childbirth, their incompetence, are most often weakened, and the tension of all other problems is reduced. The reverse situation reflects the pronounced unfavorable dynamics of the experience of pregnancy and the value of the child.

The crisis of the first pregnancy at the subjective level may be accompanied by negative emotional states. These include irritability, emotional instability, special sensitivity to stressful factors, ambiguity of life prospects, a feeling of loneliness. Faced with this crisis, often a woman tries not to notice how her life situation has changed, although at the same time she may feel unhappy, depressed and disappointed. Complete absence negative emotions, the serene experience of pregnancy may be a symptom of the abandonment of efforts to overcome the crisis. Women who ignored difficulties by exaggerating positive feelings during pregnancy subsequently did not believe in themselves as a mother, they worsened marital relations, births were more difficult, they were more negative about breastfeeding, their children were less developed than others.

The change in the self-consciousness of a woman is largely due to the action of evolutionarily developed biological mechanisms for the formation maternal attitude to the child (attachment). An important role in the formation of attachment in the mother plays special role"paraceptive" experience (i.e., the experience associated with the mother's sensation of the movements of the fetus, causing the expectant mother to feel "affinity" with own child). (basics of family psychology and family counseling)

Considering pregnancy, we can highlight the main distinguishing characteristics of this period. In our opinion, the changes affect three levels of human life: physiological, psycho-physiological and psychological. Consider the psychological level of change.

Psychological changes during pregnancy are manifested in the so-called pregnancy syndrome. In relation to pregnancy, the syndrome is a new psychogenic state, limited to a certain period of time, which does not begin on the day of conception, but when the woman realizes her new position and ends not in childbirth, but at the moment of pygmalionization of her child. The pregnancy syndrome is experienced by a woman at an unconscious level, has certain time limits and is characterized by the following symptoms

At the first stage, the affect of awareness of being pregnant is most often experienced. Within the framework of this symptom, as a rule, the following difference appears: the higher the social and intellectual level of a pregnant woman, the more independent and professionally successful she is, the more questions about the meaning of childbearing she will put before herself, the more difficult it will be for her to decide to become a mother.

The next stage in the development of pregnancy syndrome is the reflexive acceptance of a new own image: "I'm in position." This stage is characterized by the recognition of physiological changes in one's body. The actual biological and neuroendocrine changes that accompany pregnancy can have profound psychological impact for expecting mothers.