Newspaper article about March 8. "Velizhskaya nov", newspaper of the municipality "Velizhsky district" of the Smolensk region

“On March 8, our country celebrates Women's Day. We are accustomed to it as a kind and happy holiday. We love him for pleasant chores, for the smiles of our mothers and grandmothers, which means all women. On this day, it is customary to give flowers. Please accept from us on this pre-holiday day an unusual spring bouquet, which consists of songs, poems and words of congratulations! With these words, the librarians of the children's department of the city library began a musical and poetic composition dedicated to the holiday.

This colorful composition was presented to students of grades 2, 3 of school No. 7 and 6 grades of school No. 6. The boys recited poems with pleasure, they all sang cheerful spring songs together, and everyone understood: how wonderful it is that there is such a day in the year when you can hear so many warm words, to feel joy and see grateful tears in the eyes of beloved mothers, grandmothers, as well as teachers and classmates.

And if you look back in recent history, you can remember that this holiday began as a day dedicated to the struggle for women's rights. After all, it was on this day in 1857 that a manifestation of shoe and shoe workers was organized in New York City. garment factories. In 1910, at the International Conference of Women Socialists in Copenhagen, Clara Zetkin made a proposal to celebrate the International women's day. And exactly one year later - on March 19, 1911, International Women's Day was celebrated in Austria, Germany, Denmark and Switzerland, when not only millions of women, but also millions of men took to the demonstrations in their cities.

In Russia, this day was first celebrated only in 1913 in St. Petersburg. In order for the celebration to be allowed, a petition was sent to the name of the mayor, in which he was notified of the holding of "... a scientific morning on the women's issue." Permission was received, and on March 2, 1913, about 1,500 people gathered on Poltavskaya Street in the building of the Kalashnikov Grain Exchange.

The Soviet government declared March 8 a public holiday, which since 1965 has become a day off. On this day, the state performed an annual ritual, reporting to solemn events before the society on the implementation of the state policy towards women in real life. But time gradually erased political overtones from International Women's Day.

And now we all just rejoice at the arrival of spring, the opportunity to once again congratulate our wonderful, beautiful, smart, hard-working women on the holiday and wish them all health, happiness and prosperity!

1. The holiday appeared, as you know, as a result of the struggle of working women for equality. Idea for International Women's Day belongs to Clara Zetkin. She, at the beginning of the 20th century, together with her friend Rosa Luxembourg, encouraged the fair sex to organize rallies and processions on this day, drawing general attention to the problems of women.

2. Main flower symbol of March 8 in the USSR- mimosa. In fact, what we used to call “mimosa” is officially considered a silver acacia in the Russian classification.

The real mimosa is a more modest lilac flower that never gives such luxurious inflorescences, although it belongs to the same family as the acacia. However, we women are also not always who we say we are, and the Italian (Spanish and Catalan) name of this plant sounds like Mimosa.

3. Women's Day was celebrated back in ancient rome. And, as expected, with gifts and congratulations. The Romans gave presents to spouses, and slaves received a day off.

4. March 8, 1914 was released the first issue of the magazine "Worker" which, by the way, is still published today. And in 1950, on Women's Day, the USSR announced the presence of the atomic bomb.

5. On March 8, 1910, the French pilot Elise de Laroche became the owner of the title of the world's first female pilot holding a license to fly an airplane. The symbolic assignment of such a status was a mere accident, then Women's Day was not yet celebrated, although the holiday was established in the same year.

6. Today March 8 celebrated in many countries around the world: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Belarus, Burkina Faso, Vietnam, Guinea-Bissau, Georgia, Zambia, Kazakhstan, Cambodia, Kyrgyzstan, Kiribati, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Laos, Madagascar, Moldova, Mongolia, Nepal, Russia , Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Croatia, Montenegro, Eritrea, Latvia.

7. In Madagascar, March 8 is a day off only for the fair sex. And in China, this is a working day, albeit a holiday. IN THE USSR don't go to work International Women's Day has only been possible since 1966.

8. Traditionally, Portuguese women never celebrate Women's Day in the company of men. March 8th is bachelorette party day in this country.

9. In Syria March 8- Revolution Day, in Zambia - Youth Day, in Malaysia - Sultan's Day, in Liberia - Day of Remembrance of the Fallen.

10. Not everyone knows, but there is a holiday International Men's Day - November 19th. It was first celebrated in the Latin American state of Trinidad and Tobago, and later this holiday became international. True, no one is satisfied with the day off on this occasion.

11 . The idea of ​​a complete equalization of men and women in their social roles completely contradicts Orthodox dogmas and canons. Therefore, representatives Orthodox Church don't really like International Women's Day.

12. Interestingly, none fall on March 8 women's name day. But as many as 16 men's! Therefore, feel free to congratulate your familiar men on Angel Day, do not forget about Alexander, Alexei, Ivan, Kuzma, Lazar, Mikhail, Moses, Nikolai - they also have a holiday!

13. In 1722, Peter I in some way anticipated the emergence of International Women's Day by issuing a decree on systematic meteorological observations, which "started" on March 8. “Where is the connection?” You ask, we answer: women are changeable like the weather, and in order to understand them, you also need to carefully observe them for a long time.

14. On March 8, such well-known men in our country were born: stripper and showman Tarzan (Sergey Glushko), actor Viktor Dobronravov (son of Fedor Dobronravov), billionaire and main shareholder of SUEK Andrey Melnichenko (56th place in the Forbes world list for 2013), bard Sergei Nikitin, actor, director, screenwriter and teacher Yevgeny Matveev, accordionist and showman Pyotr Dranga, actor Nikolai Chindyaykin.

Alas, especially popular women this day did not give us. The most famous were: Elena Baturina, the wife of the former mayor of Moscow, Yuri Luzhkov, and Ksenia Borodina, the host of the Dom 2 program.

15. By March 8, 44% of women name flowers as the most expected gifts, and about 55% of men are going to give them every year. FROM jewelry the opposite is true - 15-16% of women want to get them, but only 9% of the stronger sex respondents intend to shell out.

17. Initially, March 8 was the day of feminists and revolutionaries who fought, among other things, for the liberation from the power of men. Now the representatives of the stronger sex, who did not congratulate the women around them on this holiday, are considered insensitive and ungrateful. That is, many modern ladies dream at least once a year to feel weak and gentle creatures. Women of the late 19th and early 20th centuries strove for equality and independence, and we in the 21st are already tired of this.

18. Until the mid-60s, International Women's Day on March 8 in the USSR remained quite everyday, like Fisherman's Day or Miner's Day. But a woman is not a fisherman or a miner, and one day this thought came to the mind of one smart person. smart person his name was Valentin Aleksandrov, and it was the texts written by him that were spoken from the stands by members of the Politburo.

In April 1965, he drafted Brezhnev's report for the 20th anniversary of the Victory. The report was supposed to contain a paragraph about the exploits of Soviet women during the war. Brezhnev demanded to emphasize how highly the party values ​​Soviet women. And what are the facts to support this?

Then Alexandrov's wife gave him a valuable thought: “Your party would have done much better if instead of stupid words women's life improved." She knew what she was talking about, for example, maternity leave in the USSR at that time it lasted only a year and was not paid.

Aleksandrov could not radically change the lives of all Soviet women. But I could give them the idea to give them a day off. When the idea reached Brezhnev, he immediately put it on the agenda of the meeting of the Presidium of the Central Committee. But his assistant Golikov commented on the idea as follows: “The matter is difficult. Gosplan will object."

However, this time the State Planning Commission managed to convince them. The next day, the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU decided to include in Brezhnev's report the thesis that International Women's Day on March 8 was declared a non-working day in the Soviet Union.

19. In Japan, the girls were "gifted" almost the entire month of March. Of the main women's holidays, it is worth noting the Festival of Dolls, Girls (March 3) and Peach Blossom. Almost no attention is paid directly to March 8 - the Japanese prefer their traditions. AT holidays rooms are decorated with balls of tangerine and cherry blossoms, puppet shows begin, girls dress up in elegant kimonos, they are treated to sweets and give gifts.

20. On March 8th, a completely different holiday is celebrated in India. Namely - Holi or the Festival of Colors. Holiday bonfires are kindled in the country, people dance and sing songs, everyone (regardless of classes and castes) pour water tinted with colored powders on each other and have fun. As for the "Women's Day", it is celebrated by the inhabitants of India in October and lasts about 10 days.

21. In China, March 8 is also not a holiday. They don’t buy flowers in wagons, they don’t hold noisy events. AT women's teams The importance of Women's Day is given solely from the point of view of "emancipation", paying tribute to the symbol of equality with men. Young Chinese people treat the holiday with more sympathy than the "old guard", and even give gifts with pleasure, but Chinese remains the holiday of spring for the Celestial Empire. New Year(one of the most important holidays).

22. The attitude of Italians to March 8 is more loyal than, for example, Lithuania, although the scope of the celebration is far from being celebrated in Russia. Italians celebrate Women's Day everywhere, but not officially - this day is not a day off. The meaning of the holiday remains unchanged - the struggle fair half humanity for equality with men. The symbol is also the same - a modest sprig of mimosa. Such branches are limited italian men March 8 (giving gifts on this day is not accepted). Actually, men also do not take part in the celebration itself - they only pay the bills of their halves for restaurants, cafes and strip bars.

23. In Lithuania, March 8 was removed from the list of holidays in 1997 by the conservatives. The Day of Women's Solidarity again became an official holiday only in 2002 - it is considered the holiday of Spring, festivals and concerts are held in its honor, thanks to it, guests of the country spend unforgettable spring weekends in Lithuania. It cannot be said that the entire population of the country celebrates March 8 with joy - some do not celebrate it at all due to certain associations, others simply do not see the point in it, others consider this day as an additional vacation.

24. English ladies are, alas, deprived of attention on March 8. The holiday is not officially celebrated, no one gives flowers to anyone, and the British themselves categorically do not understand the point in honoring women just because they are women. Women's Day to the British replaces Mother's Day, celebrated 3 weeks before Easter.

25. In Germany, as in Poland, March 8 is an ordinary, traditionally working day. Even after the reunification of the GDR and the FRG, the holiday, which was celebrated in East Germany, did not take root in the calendar. The opportunity to relax, shift worries to men and enjoy gifts from German Frau is available only on Mother's Day (in May). Approximately the same picture in France.

March 8 is one of the most beloved holidays of many women. It is on this day that it is so pleasant to receive flowers and gifts from men. At the same time, not everyone knows why this International Women's Day is celebrated. Clara Zetkin introduced this holiday into the calendar in 1857 to support all the protesting women of the New York textile and shoe factory. Next, we suggest reading more interesting and exciting facts about March 8.

1. In early 1914, International Women's Day was first introduced as an official holiday.

3. Until 1913, women's day continued to be celebrated in the United States.

4. An International Conference of Working Women was held in Copenhagen in 1910.

5. In 1911, Denmark, Austria, Switzerland and Germany started celebrating International Women's Day.

8. In the developed socialist countries of the world, this holiday has been celebrated since 1918.

9. Since 2000, International Women's Day has become an official holiday in many countries of the world.

10. On this day, it is customary to give flowers and gifts to all women, regardless of age and social status.

11. The first performance by women took place in New York in 1857.

13. Own 100 summer anniversary holiday is celebrated in 2013.

14. It was on this day that the February Revolution began in Russia.

16. It was on this day that women gathered for rallies and demonstrations.

17. Once upon a time it was customary for women to give certificates and awards on this holiday.

18. Since 1956, this day has been considered a day off.

19. In history ancient rome some analogues of this holiday have been found.

20. Today, this holiday is officially celebrated in 31 countries of the world.

21. This day in Syria is the Day of the Revolution.

22. A female pilot was licensed to fly an airplane on this day in 1910.

23. The first issue of the Bolshevik magazine for women was published in 1014.

24. For the first time, women became members of a trade union organization in the United States on this day in 1857.

25. Clara Zetkin made a proposal in 1910 in Copenhagen to celebrate International Women's Day.

26. In Germany, this holiday was first celebrated in 1911.

28. Thanks to Women's Day, a social revolution took place in 1917.

29. Even in ancient Rome, a holiday was celebrated for women.

30. In the Republic of Liberia, this day honors the memory of fallen heroes.

32. In 1965, this day was recognized as a holiday and a day off.

34. For most people, this day is the day of women and the beginning of spring.

35. In Angola and China, this day is considered a national holiday.

38. In 1875, thousands of workers in a garment factory demonstrated in New York.

42. Women in Romania and Portugal spend this day at parties.

43. Mimosa is the main flower symbol of this holiday.

44. The first issue of the Rabotnitsa magazine was published on this day in 1914.

45. The title of the first female pilot was received by Elise de Laroche on this day in 1910.

46. ​​Only for the fair sex, March 8 is considered a day off in Madagascar.

47. Sultan's Day is celebrated in Malaysia.

49. In 1911, they began to celebrate this day in different cities Austro-Hungarian Empire.

51. In 28 countries around the world, this day is an official public holiday.

52. In 1893, women in New Zealand gained the right to vote.

53. Most Russians celebrate this day at home at the festive table.

54. Only four people out of a hundred want to celebrate this day in a restaurant.

55. In Nepal, this day is considered a national holiday.

58. Saint Polycarp is remembered exactly on this day.

59. A patent for a telescopic rod was received by Everett Horton in 1887.

60. The first woman pilot was a French woman in 1910.

61. The Cathedral of Christ the Savior was destroyed in Leningrad in 1932.

62. For the first time, the "artificial heart" apparatus was tested in 1952.

63. Soviet missile submarine collided with a submarine in 1968.

64. The show of the collection of Valentin Yudashkin took place in 1987.

65. A series writers' strike took place in the United States in 1988.

66. Russian writer Yuri Rytkheu was born in 1930 on this day.

67. The brilliant film director Alexander Rowe was born on this day in 1906.

69. The famous figure skater Sergei Mishin was born on this day in 1941.

70. On this day in 1922 he was born. actor and director Evgeny Matveev.

71. On this day, the day of the angel is celebrated by Alexei, Antonina, Domian, Alexander, Lazar, Michael, Ivan, Nikolai and Polycarp.

72. The Curie family received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903.

73. The German astronomer Kepler in 1618 formed his third law of planetary motion.

74. The first systematic observations of nature began in 1722.

75. The first book of fables came out in 1809.

76. Diplomatic relations between Greece and Russia were established in 1924.

77. In honor of the chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov, the city of Perm was renamed in 1940.

78. The Beatles made their television debut in 1962.

79. The Aigun treaty with Russia was annulled in China in 1963.

81. Russian actor Andrei Mironov was born on this day in 1941.

82. Copenhagen became the founding city of this holiday.

83. International Women's Day is often associated with the Jewish holiday Purim.

84. Vladimir of Suzdal captured Kyiv on this day in 1169.

85. Anne becomes Queen of Great Britain in 1702.

86. Russian Emperor Peter II is crowned in 1728.

87. The anniversary of the victory of the popular uprising in Berlin has been celebrated on this day since 1911.

88. The last American pirate was hanged in New York on this day in 1862.

89. A license to own dogs was obtained in the USA in 1894.

90. Denmark joined the League of Nations on this day in 1920.

91. The Civil Disobedience Company started in India in 1930.

92. Andrey Danilko for the first time acts as a conductor of Verka Serduchka in 1993.

93. Russian musical group Hummingbird debuts in Leningrad in 1988.

94. Jimi Hendrix's Star Spangled Banner is played on Radio Hanoi in 1971.

95. Joint Defense Agreement concluded by Japan and the United States in 1954.

96. The Russian artist Fiorentino was born on this day in 1494.

98. German composer Karl Bach was born on this day in 1714.

99. American chemist Kendal was born on this day in 1886.

Everyone has it happy holiday has not only its own history and traditions, but also its own “highlights”, Interesting Facts and even myths. International Women's Day is no exception.

Popular and little-known, for the most inquisitive!

Interesting historical facts about the holiday of March 8

As befits any holiday with a rich history, there are still disagreements even about what year is considered the beginning. According to a widespread version, in 1857, the first performance of women took place in New York, demanding a reduction in the working day and an increase in wages. However, this historical fact has not been documented. Therefore, the performance of New York workers on March 8, 1908 is considered the first "official" women's rally. What other interesting historical facts does the history of March 8 store?

• In 2013, on March 8, Russia will celebrate its 100th anniversary. For the first time, mass demonstrations of women in Russia took place on March 8, 1913.
• The February revolution in Russia, in fact, began with the speech of Petrograd women, which just happened on March 8th. Why was the revolution called February? Because our March 8 is February 23 in the old style.
• At the beginning of the 20th century, March 8 was a date widely known throughout the world. On this day, there were speeches by women fighting for their rights in the USA and Germany, in the Netherlands and France, Austria, Switzerland and many other countries. And then it was not a holiday at all - it was a day of struggle.
• After women managed to achieve their demands in European countries, they became less and less politically active. And, as a result, March 8 in Europe gradually lost its status as the day of women's struggle.
• In the USSR on March 8 for a long time was a highly politicized date. Women at work and in institutions gathered for rallies at which they expressed solidarity with the fighters for women's equality in other countries. Instead of flowers and gifts, Soviet ladies were given gratitude for success in work and profession.
• This holiday became a day off only in 1965.. This contributed to the rapid depoliticization on 8 March. He rapidly changed from official date on a national holiday.
• March 8 received formal international recognition in 1977, when the UN decided to consider it International Women's Day, but not as a holiday, but as a day of women's struggle for their rights. By this date, the UN timed various events which are aimed at improving the fate of women and equalizing their rights with men.
• Until the 60s of the last century Soviet women did not give flowers - it was not accepted.
• Now March 8 is officially celebrated in 31 countries around the world.. True, in some countries it is just an official day, something like the obedient implementation of a UN decree, and in some - real holiday women.
• Some analogue of women's day can be found in the history of ancient Rome. There was a special day when free women received gifts from their husbands, and female slaves received a day off.

March 8 is not only International Women's Day. This day is also the date of other events in world history:

1. Many famous and even legendary people were born on this day. For example, the naval commander Fedor Fedorovich Ushakov, who did not know a single defeat in naval battles, the famous storyteller Wilhelm Grimm, the artist Tatyana Yablonskaya, the Olympic champion in gymnastics Lyudmila Egorova, the singer Maya Kristalinskaya, the composer Michel Legrand, the mathematician Grigory Margulis, the actress Elena Solovey and the favorite of all the Soviet people, actor Andrei Mironov.
2. In addition, this day is rich in various historical events. So, in 1582, the then pope issued a bull on the transition to new calendar which we are still using today.
3. In 1848, an uprising of Parisian citizens and workers took place in Paris. The event went down in history under the name of the February Revolution (something familiar, isn't it?)
4. In 1887 On March 8, the first international telephone line Paris-Brussels was installed.
5. In 1910, the first woman pilot received a license to fly an airplane. The name of the brave lady was Elise de Laroche.
6. In 1914, the first issue of the magazine of Soviet women was published. called "Worker" The publication, without exaggeration, was a cult on the territory of the entire vast Soviet Union

Here it is, a holiday on March 8. Diverse, interesting, multifaceted. Day of women, spring and flowers. Celebrate it brightly!

Chronologically, March 8 almost coincides with the Jewish event called Purim. This Hebrew holiday does not have a clearly fixed date, however, it also praises the femininity and wisdom of the weaker sex. The founder of the holiday was Queen Esther, who managed to save the Jews from tyranny and violence.

In the history of ancient Rome, an analogue can be traced women's holiday. There was a special day in the Roman calendar when all free women accepted gifts from their husbands, and slave women were given a day off. At the same time, the hostess of the house was the initiator of the day off for the slave. On this day, many freeborn women dressed in best clothes, attached fragrant wreaths to their heads, and gathered in the temple of the goddess Vesta, the keeper of the hearth.

Founder International holiday women is Clara Zetkin. At the Second International Conference of Socialist Women in Copenhagen, in 1910, influenced by women socialists from the United States, she proposed the celebration of International Women's Day, which looked like a call for all women of the world to join the struggle for equality. oppose poverty, for the right to work, respect for their dignity, for peace.

For the first time this holiday was celebrated in 1911, on March 19, in such countries as Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland. Over a million men and women took part in the demonstrations. In addition to fighting for the right to elect and hold leadership positions, women sought equal production rights with men.

Only since 1914 this day spontaneously began to be celebrated on March 8. Why was this date chosen? It was on March 8, 1857 that hundreds of textile and shoe workers in New York City held the first women's protest, marching through Manhattan, called in history the "march of empty pans." In their slogans, they demanded a 10-hour day, better working conditions and equal pay with men.

After 50 years in last sunday February 1908, women again took to the streets of New York to protest for the right to participate in elections. Exactly one year later, women's demonstrations were repeated again. And in 1910, March 8 has already become a holiday for all American women.

March 8 was originally celebrated as the Day international solidarity working women in the struggle for equality with men.

The beginning of the February Revolution in Russia was laid by the performance of the women of Petrograd. Mass demonstrations of women in Russia took place on March 8, 1913. These were rallies to protect their rights. However, in history, this revolution was called the February revolution, due to the change of calendars.

Perhaps the most interesting historical fact is that, before October revolution 1917, Russian empire celebrated International Women's Day on 23 February. The thing is that in the pre-revolutionary period she used for chronology Julian calendar. The new Gregorian calendar, which was introduced by Lenin's decree into use in 1918 on Russian territory Women's Day was celebrated on February 23!

For a long time in the USSR, March 8 was a politicized date. Women in large organizations and in production held rallies at which they expressed their solidarity in the struggle for women's equality in other countries. Instead of flowers, Soviet women were usually presented with gratitude for success in their work.

It was on this day, March 8, 1914, that the first issue of the Rabotnitsa magazine was published, which later female half Soviet Union.

Until 1965, in the USSR, March 8 was an ordinary working day. However, in honor of the celebration of the 20th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic war, in 1965, March 8 was announced holiday. Later, in Russian Federation, March 8 remained among the main holidays.

In 1977, the UN adopted resolution 32/142, which called on all countries to proclaim March 8 as a day of struggle for women's rights - International Women's Day.

March 8, as International Women's Day, is on the list public holidays such CIS countries as: Russia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Belarus. In Uzbekistan, it is celebrated as Mother's Day, and in Armenia this holiday is celebrated on April 7 as the Day of Motherhood and Beauty.

Despite its proud name, International Women's Day is not celebrated in all countries. For example, in Zambia, on this day, they celebrate Youth Day. In Syria, March 8 is celebrated as Revolution Day, and in the Republic of Liberia as a day of remembrance for the fallen.

In Romania, March 8 is celebrated double holiday- Mother's Day, during which children give gifts to mothers and grandmothers and International Women's Day. In Portugal and Romania, some women spend their free time at women-only events.

Women and the fight for equality

Women in Germany, Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia received the right to vote in elections in 1918, and in the USA in 1920. The right to prevent one's pregnancy (coitus interruptus, taking a drug, using a condom from Bladder animal) appeared among the Romans.

The biggest changes in the status of women occurred at the end of the 20th century. Now most women can determine their own role in the family and in society.

In Russia at the end of the 19th century, wage a woman employed in the production of an industrial enterprise was paid 2 times lower than for men. So, for example, the earnings of male workers in the main button production shops amounted to 20-25 rubles per month. In the auxiliary shops where women worked, earnings were 10–12 rubles per month. At the same time, women still had to rent their own housing and buy food, which were provided to men at the expense of the enterprise.

Flowers for March 8

Until the 60s of the 20th century, women of the Soviet Union were not given flowers on March 8. It just wasn't accepted that way.

Mimosa - a flower that is very often given to women on March 8, is called differently - silver acacia. The real mimosa has purple colour, and e is yellow. The confusion in the names arose due to the fact that silver acacia belongs to the mimosa subfamily.